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中国物理学会期刊

光子对撞机产生正负电子对的数值方法

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.69.20190729

Numerical method of electron-positron pairs generation in photon-photon collider

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.69.20190729
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  • 光子对撞产生正负电子对的Breit-Wheeler过程, 是由能量直接产生物质的过程, 在物质的起源与光子物理理论的研究中有着极为重要的作用. 随着激光与物质作用产生γ光源品质的提升, 使得在实验室首次观测双光子对撞的Breit-Wheeler过程成为可能. 针对光子对撞机的数值模拟方法, 本文提出了一种基于严格的双光子对撞动力学过程的计算电子产额与动力学参数的数值方法. 在对Breit-Wheeler过程的模拟中, 根据光子的运动规律将光子划分为定量的区块, 检测区块的对撞, 然后在区块内部以动力学原理检测光子是否发生对撞, 该方法可以有效提升计算模拟的效率. 同时, 该方法与已经发表的理论结果进行了比较, 发现该计算结果与理论结果高度一致. 应用这一数值方法, 能够为Breit-Wheeler过程给出较为精确的模拟结果, 也可以为未来γγ对撞机的实验设计提供参照.

     

    The creation of positron and electron pairs through photon-photon collision, named Breit-Wheeler process, has been well understood in the theories of quantum electrodynamics for nearly 100 years. The photon-photon collision, which is one of the most basic processes of matter generation in the universe, has not been observed yet. The study on photon-photon collision can promote the development of two-photon physics, quantum electrodynamics theories and high energy physics. To observe photon-photon collision in the laboratory, one needs to collimate a huge number of energetic γ-ray photons into a very small spot. Recently, the development of highly collomated source generated by 10 PW laser makes photon-photon collider much more possible than before. In photon-photon collider, the study of numerical simulation plays a critical role since no experiment has achieved such a process. In this paper, a new numerical method is developed to handle the two-photon Breit-Wheeler process. This method is based on the exact two-photon collision dynamic principle, including energy threshold condition, cross-section condition, Lorentz transformation, etc. In the method, the photons are divided into quantitative photon blocks based on the spatial coordinates. Firstly, one needs to find the collision blocks according to the spatial motion law. Secondly, the ergodic method is used to look up the photons that satisfy the energy threshold condition and the cross-section condition from the blocks. Then, one can calculate the electron yield of the photon collision, and the kinetic parameters of the positrons and electrons. This method rigorously follows the physical principle so it has high precision. On the other hand, this method determines the collision of the block in advance, which can reduce the computational requirement a lot. A series of tests is carried out to confirm the accuracy and feasibility of this numerical method by calculating the collision between mono-energetic photon beams. In the tests, the collision angle is assumed to 180° and 60° separately, the results of pair momentum distribution are discussed. We also simulate the collision of the γ-ray beams generated through the interaction between ultra-intense laser and narrow tube targets. In the simulations, the collision angle is changed from 170° to 30° to see its effect on pair production. It is found that the yield of electron-positron pairs decreases with collision angle increasing, which has also been reported in previous work. Therefore, this numerical method can be efficiently used for modeling photon-photon collider, and provide theoretical reference and suggestion to the future experimental design of γ-ray collision.

     

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