London磁场的物理机制研究

伍岳; 肖立业

doi:10.7498/aps.71.20211995

摘要

超导体在旋转过程中会在其内部产生磁场, 称为London磁场. 目前, 包括London理论和G-L理论在内的多种理论都对London磁场的产生机理进行了解释. 从本质上, 这些理论解释大多认为旋转超导体最外层超导电子运动滞后并由此出现净余电流, 而London磁场则是由旋转超导体表面的净余电流产生的. 然而, 关于旋转超导体最外层超导电子运动滞后的原因, 目前仍没有明确的理论解释. 本文通过对旋转系中带电粒子, 以及旋转超导体中超导电子的贝里相位进行了理论分析, 结果表明旋转状态下超导电子的贝里曲率与London磁场具有相同的表达形式, 表明London磁场可视为A-B效应的逆效应, 也即基于贝里相位的一种宏观量子效应.

关键词:

Abstract

The superconductor will generate a magnetic field inside the superconductor during its rotation, which is called the London moment. At present, a variety of theories including London theory and G-L theory have explained the generation mechanism of London moment. Most of these theories essentially believe that the superconducting electrons in the surface layer of the rotating superconductor lag behind and have a net residual current. The London moment is produced by the net residual current on the surface of the rotating superconductor. However, there is still no clear theoretical explanation for the motion lag of the outermost superconducting electrons in rotating superconductors. In this paper the charged particles in the rotating system and the Berry phase of the superconductor in the rotating superconductor are analyzed. The results show that the Berry curvature of the superconductor has the same expression form as the London moment, indicating that the London moment may be the inverse effect of A-B effect, which is a macroscopic quantum effect based on Berry phase.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

伍岳¹,
肖立业^1,2

1.
中国科学院电工研究所, 北京　100190

2.
中国科学院大学, 北京　100049

通信作者: 肖立业, xiao@mail.iee.ac.cn

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金创新研究群体科学基金(批准号: 51721005)和中国科学院电工研究所科研基金(批准号: 2021000038)资助的课题

Authors and contacts

Wu Yue¹,
Xiao Li-Ye^1,2

1.
Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

2.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Corresponding author: Xiao Li-Ye, xiao@mail.iee.ac.cn

Funds: Project supported by the Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51721005), and The Institute of Electrical Engineering, CAS(Grant No. 2021000038).

文章全文 : translate this paragraph

参考文献

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施引文献

图 1 旋转超导体示意图

Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of rotating superconductor.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 常规导体与超导体旋转过程中内部电子贝里相位变化示意图. 图中常规导体与超导体内部的半圆形箭头表示旋转过程中电子产生的贝里相位

Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of the Berry phase during the rotation of conventional conductors and superconductors. The semicircular arrows inside the conventional conductor and superconductor in the figure represent the Berry phase of electronics.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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London磁场的物理机制研究