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钙钛矿太阳电池因为其本身优异的光电特性而受到广泛的关注,在过去几年里实现了效率的大幅提升,进而使其产业化应用成为可能 . 然而高效钙钛矿太阳电池中通常采用有机p型半导体材料作为空穴传输层。有机材料在湿度、温度、紫外照射等环境因素下会出现严重的性能衰退,从而会加速钙钛矿太阳电池的老化,成为实现其实际应用的主要障碍之一 . 本工作提出采用无机硫氢酸亚铜(CuSCN)作为空穴传输材料,并通过锂掺杂提高其空穴传输特性;在此基础上采用聚[双(4-苯基)(2,4,6-三甲基苯基)胺]修饰CuSCN表面,避免CuSCN和碘化铅(PbI2)间的相互作用,实现了大晶粒、致密钙钛矿薄膜的制备,最终实现了钙钛矿太阳电池性能的有效提升 . 本工作为稳定、高效钙钛矿太阳电池的制备提供了可借鉴的策略.Perovskite solar cells have attracted extensive attention because of their photoelectric characteristics. Since 2009, the photoelectric conversion rate of the solar cells has soared from 3.8% to 25.7% now. Perovskite materials have become the focus of extensive academic research due to their advantages of high carrier mobility, low exciton binding energy, wide absorption spectrum and high optical absorption coefficient However, organic P-type semiconductor materials are usually used as the hole transport layer in high efficiency perovskite solar cells. For example, Spiro-OMeTAD, PEDOT: PSS, PTAA, etc. Because Spiro-OMeTAD is difficult to be purified, many hole transport materials containing triphenylamine like Spiro-OMeTAD have been synthesized, such as triphenylamine polymer PTAA. As the conjugate parts of these triphenylamine transport materials are not coplanar and the space is distorted, they cannot form ordered stacks by spin-coating method, so their charge properties are weak, and li-TFSI and tBP are often added to improve the hole transport, so as to achieve better device effects. Moreover, PTAA has the problem of infiltration, and it is difficult to form a completely covered perovskite film on it, which seriously affects the quality and surface morphology of perovskite film. PEDOT: PSS itself has an acidic and corrosive electrode, and is easy to absorb moisture, which will affect the stability of the solar cell. The performance of organic materials will deteriorate seriously under environmental factors such as humidity, temperature and UV irradiation, which will accelerate the aging of perovskite solar cells and become one of the main obstacles to their practical application. In this work, inorganic cuprous thiocyanate (CuSCN) was used as a hole transport material, CuSCN is a rich and stable P-type semiconductor material, which has the characteristics of abundant, low cost, high carrier mobility, appropriate energy level, low defect density, good thermal stability and excellent light transmittance. CuSCN is one of the few known compounds with both high optical transparency (its wide band gap is 3.7-3.9 eV) and significant P-type electrical conductivity. Most importantly, CuSCN is inexpensive and can be prepared by solution method at room temperature. And its hole transport properties were improved by lithium doping. On this basis, the surface of CuSCN was modified with PTAA to avoid the interaction between CuSCN and lead iodide (PbI2), and the preparation of large-grained and dense perovskite films was realized. Finally, the performance of perovskite solar cells was effectively improved. This work provides a reference strategy for the preparation of stable and efficient perovskite solar cells.
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Keywords:
- Perovskite solar cells /
- Hole transport layer /
- cuprous thiocyanate /
- li-doping
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