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中国物理学会期刊

光源相位噪声对高斯玻色采样的影响

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.72.20221766

Investigation of Gaussian boson sampling under phase noise of the light source

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.72.20221766
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  • 高斯玻色采样是实现量子计算优势的主要途径之一, 同时也有望应用于加速稠密子图、量子化学等问题. 然而, 实验中必不可少的噪声却可能阻碍高斯玻色采样的量子优势. 此前的研究主要关注于光子损失和光子非全同噪声. 本文通过数值模拟研究了另一种噪声—光源相位噪声对高斯玻色采样的影响. 采用蒙特卡罗方法近似计算相位噪声下高斯玻色采样的输出概率分布, 发现随着探测光子数的增加, 相位噪声带来的误差逐渐加大. 同时, 相位噪声会导致采样出大概率样本的能力, 即HOG (heavy output generation)值显著降低. 最后发现, 在输入平均光子数相同时, 有光子损失的高斯玻色采样相比无损失情形对于相位噪声有更大的容忍性. 本文的研究有助于大规模高斯玻色采样中更好地抑制相位噪声.

     

    Gaussian boson sampling is one of the main promising approaches to realizing the quantum computational advantage, which also offers potential applications such as in dense subgraphs problem and quantum chemistry. However, the inevitable noise in experiment may weaken the quantum advantage of Gaussian boson sampling. Photon loss and photon partial indistinguishability are two major sources of noise. Their influence on the complexity of Gaussian boson sampling has been extensively studied in previous work. However, the phase noise of the input light source, a noise which is suitable for tailored for Gaussian boson sampling, has not been studied so far. Here, we investigate the phase noise of the input light source in Gaussian boson sampling through numerical simulation. We use the Monte Carlo method to calculate the output probability distribution under phase noise approximately. It is found that the phase noise of the light source can cause the input state to change from a Gaussian state into a non-Gaussian mixed state. For a given phase noise level, the fidelity of the non-Gaussian mixed state and the noise-free ideal state decreases monotonically as the mean photon number of input increases. Meanwhile, owing to the phase noise the deviation of the output probability distribution gradually increases with the number of detected photons increasing. Furthermore, the phase noise results in the capability of heavy sample generation (HOG), significantly decreasing. Finally, it is found that Gaussian boson sampling with photon loss is more tolerant to phase noise than the lossless case given that the mean photon number of input is the same. Our study is helpful in suppressing the phase noise in large-scale Gaussian boson sampling experiments.

     

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