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中国物理学会期刊

分形格点中伊辛模型的临界行为

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.72.20222432

Critical behaviors of Ising model in a fractal lattice

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.72.20222432
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  • 分形格点是一类特殊的格点, 它具有非整数的维度, 且打破了平移不变性. 本文对分形格点中伊辛模型的临界行为进行了研究. 在这个系统中存在从有序到无序的连续相变, 本文利用张量网络重正化群算法计算了不同位置格点上的物理量, 并据此在不同空间位置拟合出了相应的临界指数. 由于平移对称性的缺失, 发现临界指数的拟合结果对空间位置有依赖关系. 另外, 在分形格点中的不同位置检验了临界指数间的标度关系(hyperscaling relations), 最终发现在某些格点上所有的标度关系全部成立, 而在另外一些格点上则只有部分的标度关系成立.

     

    Fractal lattices are a special kind of lattice: they have non-integer Hausdorff dimensions and break the translation invariance. Studying these lattices can help us understand the influence of non-integer dimensions and lacking of translational symmetry on critical behaviors. We study the Ising model in a fractal lattice with a non-integer dimension of \log_4(12)\approx 1.7925by using the higher order tensor network renormalization group (HOTRG) algorithm. The partition function is represented in terms by a tensor network, and is finally calculated by a coarse graining process based on higher order singular value decomposition. When the truncation length and the time of coarse graining increase, the results are found convergent. Magnetic moment, internal energy and correlation properties are calculated by inserting impurity tensors into the tensor network at different temperatures and in different external magnetic fields. The magnetic susceptibility is obtained by differentiating the magnetic moment with respect to the magnetic field, and the capacity is calculated by differentiating the internal energy with respect to the temperature. Our numerical results show that there is a continuous order-disorder phase transition in this system, and the critical temperature is found to be T_\rmc/J = 1.317188. Physical quantities show singular behaviours around the critical point, and the correlation length is found to be divergent at the critical point, which is consistent with the result of the renormalization group theory. The corresponding critical exponent is obtained by fitting the numerical data around the critical point. We also calculate the critical exponents at different positions by inserting impurity tensors into different places of the lattice. Owing to the lack of translational symmetry, it is found that the critical exponents α, β, δ fitted at different positions vary, but the critical exponent γ remains almost the same. From the scaling hypothesis, it can be deduced that the critical exponents satisfy the hyperscaling relations which contain the dimension of the lattice. Our numerical results show that all of the hyperscaling relations are satisfied when the fractional dimension and the critical exponents we have obtained are substituted into them on some sites of the fractal lattice, but only two of the four hyperscaling relations are satisfied on other sites.

     

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