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中国物理学会期刊

S-dual模型产生的原初黑洞和次级引力波

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.72.20230605

Primordial black holes and secondary gravitational waves produced by S-dual inflation model

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.72.20230605
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  • 在S-dual暴涨模型中通过在非正则动能项中引入峰值函数, 可产生丰度可观的原初黑洞和次级引力波. 该模型分别在1012, 108和105 Mpc–1对原初密度扰动的功率谱进行放大, 产生了质量量级分别为10–13太阳质量、地球质量、行星质量的原初黑洞, 以及峰值频率分别为毫赫兹、微赫兹、纳赫兹的次级引力波. 其中在10–13太阳质量附近的原初黑洞可以解释全部的暗物质, 产生的次级引力波能被未来的空间引力波探测器探测到.

     

    It is discussed in this work to produce primordial black hole (PBH) dark matter (DM) and scalar induced secondary gravitational waves by using the enhancement mechanism with a peak function in the non-canonical kinetic term in S-dual inflation. It is shown explicitly that the power spectrum for the primordial curvature perturbation can be enhanced at 1012, 108 and 105 Mpc–1, respectively, that the primordial black hole dark matter with peak mass around 10–13 solar mass, the Earth’s mass and the stellar mass are generated, respectively, and that the scalar induced gravitational wave with peak frequency around mHz, μHz and nHz are created, respectively. The primordial black hole with the mass scale 10–13 solar mass can make up almost all the dark matter and the associated scalar induced secondary gravitational waves is testable by spaced based gravitational wave observatory.
    The amplitude of primordial curvature perturbations on a small scale can become large by the enhancement mechanism with a peak function in the non-canonical kinetic term. We apply the enhancement mechanism to S-dual inflation to produce abundant PBHs and observable scalar induced gravitational waves (SIGWs). The power spectrum on a large scale is consistent with observational constraint, and the power spectrum on a small scale is enhanced to the 0.01. It is possible that either sharp peak or broad peak possesses a different peak shape for the peak function by choosing a different value of q. By adjusting the peak position ϕp in the peak function, the power spectrum is enhanced on a different scale, henceforth associated with the generation of SIGWs with a different peak frequency, PBHs with different mass are produced. We choose three different values of ϕp to obtain enhance power spectrum at 1012, 108 and 105 Mpc–1, respectively. The enhanced curvature perturbation produces PBH DM with peak mass around 10–13 solar mass, the Earth’s mass and the stellar mass, and SIGW with peak frequency around mHz, µHz and nHz, respectively. The stellar mass PBHs may explain black holes observed by LIGO/Virgo collaboration, and the earth-mass PBHs may explain the planet 9. The PBH with the mass scale 10–13 solar mass can make up almost all the dark matter. The SIGW with the peak frequency around nHz is testable by pulsar timing array observations, and SIGW with the peak frequency around mHz is testable by space based GW observatory. The results show that the enhancement mechanism with a peak function in the non-canonical kinetic term works for S-dual inflation.

     

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