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带有分数化准粒子激发的分数量子霍尔态是一种奇特的强关联拓扑量子物态，自1982年在强磁场二维电子气中被首次观测到以来一直是凝聚态物理重要的前沿方向. 去年来，有多个团队在基于过渡金属硫族化合物和石墨烯的莫尔超晶格中观测到了零磁场分数量子霍尔效应，在莫尔超晶格中还发现了分数量子自旋霍尔效应的迹象. 这表明莫尔超晶格体系能够有效调控能带及相互作用，是在零磁场条件下实现分数化拓扑量子态的理想平台. 本文将简要论述与此相关的研究进展和存在的挑战, 并对该领域未来可能的发展方向做出展望.
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关键词:
- 莫尔超晶格 /
- 分数陈绝缘体 /
- 分数量子自旋霍尔效应 /
- 非阿贝尔拓扑序
Fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states with fractionalzed quasiparticles are exotic topologically ordered quantum states driven by strong correlation between particles. Since the first discovery in 1982 in two-dimensional electron gases penetrated by strong magnetic fields, FQH physics has become an attractive frontier of condensed matter physics. From the last year, several research groups have reported observations of FQH transport at zero magnetic field in moir\'e superlattices based on transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) and graphene. Moreover, evidence of fractional quantum spin Hall effect was also reported in TMD moir\'e superlattices. These results demonstrate that moir\'e superlattices are ideal platforms to control band structure and interactions to realize fractionalized topological states without external magnetic fields. In this paper, we will briefly review the recent progress. We will also summarize the remaining challenges and discuss the possible future development in this field. -
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