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Loran-C系统凭借其低频信号在抗干扰和穿透能力方面的优势，可作为全球卫星导航系统GNSS（ Global Navigation Satellite System）的有效备份，然而，传统Loran-C接收机存在灵敏度低、体积庞大等固有缺陷。本文提出一种基于里德堡原子传感器的Loran-C信号接收机，利用参比电极将Loran-C低频电场耦合至内置平行电极板的原子气室中，并使用直流电场辅助优化，通过电磁感应透明EIT（ ElectromagneticallyInduced Transparency）效应结合斯塔克频移效应，实现对电场强度与相位信息的直接高灵敏度测量。研究构建了基于FPGA的硬件采集与MATLAB的信号处理平台，成功实现了天地波识别、时间差提取与定位解算和授时解码，实验验证了该里德堡原子Loran-C接收机的定位以及授时功能。研究表明，里德堡原子传感器有望显著提升Loran-C信号的低频探测灵敏度与动态范围，为发展下一代高可靠、高性能的导航授时系统开辟了量子传感技术的新途径。This work presents a Rydberg-atom-based Loran-C receiver designed to overcome long-standing limitations of conventional systems, including low sensitivity and bulky form factors. In the proposed design, a reference electrode couples the low-frequency Loran-C signal into an atomic vapor cell equipped with integrated parallel plates; an auxiliary DC bias field is applied to optimize this coupling. By leveraging electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in conjunction with the Stark effect, the receiver enables direct, high-sensitivity measurement of the electric field's amplitude and phase. An FPGA-based acquisition stage and a MATLAB signal-processing pipeline were implemented to perform ground-wave/sky-wave discrimination, time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) estimation, position fixing, and timing recovery. Experimental results confirm that the Rydberg-atom-based receiver successfully provides both positioning and timing capabilities. These findings demonstrate that Rydberg-atom sensors can significantly enhance the sensitivity and dynamic range of Loran-C systems at low frequencies, thereby establishing a quantum-sensing pathway toward next-generation, high-reliability navigation and timing architectures.
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Keywords:
- Rydberg atoms /
- Stark effect /
- EIT /
- Loran-C signals
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