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Grain refinement is an effective approach to enhance the comprehensive properties of alloys. In industrial production, Al-5Ti-1B master alloys are commonly used to refine the microstructure of aluminum alloys. However, the grain refinement potency of Al-Ti-B master alloys is limited and can’t meet the requirements for the high-performance aluminum alloy applications. It has been demonstrated that adding trace amount of micro-alloying element La to the aluminum alloy melt inoculated with Al-5Ti-1B master alloy can further refine the solidification microstructure. Previous research indicates that the addition of 0.06 wt% La is sufficient to achieve an ideal α-Al grain refinement. Our recent experimental results demonstrated that for an Al-Mg alloy of high Mg content inoculated with Al-5Ti-1B master alloy, the optimal addition level of La is about 0.02 wt%.
Solidification experiments were carried out for Al-Mg alloys inoculated with Al-5Ti-1B master alloy and different addition levels of micro-alloying element La. It is demonstrated that the trace addition of micro-alloying element La shows a further grain refinement effect on Al-Mg alloy and reduces the nucleation undercooling of α-Al. A model was proposed for the segregation behavior of micro-alloying element La at the interface between the Al alloy melt and TiB2. The mechanism of the enhancement in the efficiency of TiB2 particles to nucleate α-Al by micro-alloying element La was clarified. The calculation results indicated that La shows a strong segregation tendency to the interface between the Al melt and TiB2 particles, reduces the interfacial energy and contact angle between TiB2 and α-Al, enhancing the efficiency of TiB2 to nucleate α-Al, and further refining α-Al grains.-
Keywords:
- Al-Mg alloys /
- Grain refinement /
- Micro-alloying element La /
- Al-5Ti-B
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