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中国物理学会期刊

太阳辐射/对流区域边界处的碳、氮、氧元素的电子碰撞电离研究

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.75.20251144

Electron impact ionization of C, N, and O at boundary of solar radiation/convection zone

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.75.20251144
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  • 太阳辐射层与对流层边界区域( T\approx180 eV, n_\mathrme\approx 9\times10^22\;\rmcm^-3)是太阳内部能量传输方式从辐射主导向对流主导转变的关键界面, 也是研究高温稠密等离子体物理的天然实验室. 这一区域的物理特性决定了恒星演化模型的可靠性与能量传输机制的稳定性, 特别是高温稠密等离子体中强烈的碰撞电离会改变电子数密度分布, 进而影响能量的输运过程. 本文发展了一种耦合等离子体环境效应来计算原子结构的新方法: 通过将计算原子结构的Flexible Atomic Code (FAC)与超网链(hypernetted-chain, HNC)近似相结合, 在原子波函数计算中引入电子-电子、电子-离子关联函数来考虑等离子体中屏蔽效应, 系统研究了极端条件下电子碰撞电离的物理机制. 基于扭曲波近似的计算表明, 考虑等离子体环境效应时, 碳、氮和氧元素的电子碰撞电离截面较自由原子模型显著增强, 同时电离阈值出现明显下降的现象. 研究发现这种增强效应主要源于离子间强耦合导致的原子势场重叠和自由电子屏蔽引起的束缚态能级移动. 本研究直接将离子结构引入电子结构计算的哈密顿量中, 所获得的电离参数可直接用于改进太阳内部辐射输运模型, 为惯性约束聚变等极端条件等离子体研究提供了理论支持.

     

    The solar radiation-convection boundary ( T \thicksim 180 eV, n_\mathrme \thicksim 9 \times 10^22\;\rmcm^-3) marks the transition from radiative to convective energy transport, serving as a natural laboratory for hot dense plasmas. Its physical properties are crucial for stellar evolution and energy transport models, yet how electron-impact ionization (EII) is influenced by hot-dense environment effects—such as electron screening and ion correlation—remains unclear. To address this, we systematically calculate EII cross sections for C, N, and O ions under realistic solar boundary conditions, focusing on the role of environmental effects. We develop a novel computational framework that integrates hot-dense environment effects into atomic structure calculations: the Flexible Atomic Code (FAC) for atomic structure is combined with the Hypernetted-chain (HNC) approximation to capture electron–electron, electron–ion and ion-ion correlations, enabling self-consistent treatment of electron screening and ion correlation. Atomic wave functions are derived by solving the Dirac equation within the ion-sphere model, using a modified central potential that combines both free-electron screening and ion–ion interactions. EII cross sections are then computed via the distorted-wave (DW) approximation in FAC. The results demonstrate that the hot-dense environment effects significantly enhance the electron-impact ionization cross sections of C, N, and O, compared with those calculated under the free-atom model. Additionally, a notable reduction in the ionization threshold energy is observed. These effects are attributed to the overlap of atomic potentials due to strong ion coupling and the shift in bound-state energy levels caused by free-electron screening. For instance, under solar boundary conditions, the ionization cross section of C+ is increased by up to 50%, with the ionization threshold decreasing from about 24 eV (isolated) to 18 eV (with screening). Similar enhancements are observed for nitrogen and oxygen ions across various charge states. By establishing updated ionization cross sections for C, N, and O ions under realistic solar interior conditions, this work provides fundamental parameters for improving radiation transport models, ionization balance calculations, and equation-of-state models in stellar interiors. The results underscore the necessity of incorporating hot-dense environment effects in the calculations of atomic processes in hot dense plasmas, which is of great significance for astrophysics and inertial confinement fusion research.

     

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