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中国物理学会期刊

基于mCPPO1掺杂26DCzPPy的近紫外有机发光二极管

mCPPO1-Based Near-Ultraviolet Organic Light-Emitting Diodes by Doping 26DCzPPy

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  • 当前对有机发光二极管(OLEDs)的研究主要聚焦于可见光性能的提升,近紫外发光器件仍处于起步阶段,其发光效率、性能稳定性和载流子平衡等问题亟待突破。近紫外OLEDs面临可选材料少,宽带隙对激子的形成和复合效率构成更多制约,以及载流子注入传输不平衡等关键挑战。本研究通过调控2,6-双3-(9H-咔唑-9-基)苯基吡啶(26DCzPPy)在9-3-(9H-咔唑-9-基)苯基-3-(二苯基磷氧基)-9H-咔唑(mCPPO1)中的掺杂浓度(5-20 wt%),寻找近紫外有机发光二极管(NUV-OLEDs)载流子平衡与激子利用率的优化方案,得到电致发光峰位波长在374 nm左右的NUV-OLEDs器件,实现了3.56%的最大外量子效率(EQEmax),最大辐射功率达到57.84 mW·cm-2,发射光谱中波长位于400 nm以下的能量占比达到68.37%,相较于未掺杂器件,器件稳定性得到了大幅提高。单极器件分析表明,适当的掺杂可以有效改善发光层两种载流子密度的平衡,从而验证了掺杂提高发光效率策略在近紫外波段的适用性。

     

    Near-ultraviolet organic light-emitting diodes (NUV-OLEDs) with emission below 400 nm are promising candidates for compact ultraviolet light sources, yet their performance is often limited by the scarcity of efficient wide-bandgap emitters and the presence of severe charge-injection/transport imbalance. This work demonstrates an effective strategy for optimizing charge balance for NUV-OLEDs by exploiting 9-3-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl-3-(diphenylphosphoryl)-9H-carbazole (mCPPO1), a bipolar host widely used in deep-blue phosphorescent OLEDs, as a near-ultraviolet fluorescent emitting material and by introducing a bipolar dopant, 2,6-bis3-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenylpyridine (26DCzPPy), to regulate carrier transport in the emitting layer. All devices were fabricated on indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates via high-vacuum (< 2×10-4 Pa) thermal evaporation. A reference device employing neat mCPPO1 as the emitting layer exhibited a stable electroluminescence peak at 374 nm with negligible long-wavelength parasitic emission; however, its electrical and efficiency with a maximum radiant power density of 11.26 mW·cm-2 and an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of only 1.6%, showing pronounced efficiency roll-off. To address this limitation, a series of doped emitting layers, 26DCzPPy(x wt%):mCPPO1 (x = 5, 10, 15, 20), was constructed, where 26DCzPPy also serves as a hole-transport “ladder” due to its matched frontier orbital levels relative to the adjacent transport layers. Systematic device characterization, including current density-voltage-radiant power-EQE measurements, electroluminescence spectra, single-carrier devices, and transient photoluminescence decay, revealed that moderate 26DCzPPy doping markedly enhances electron transport, mitigates interfacial carrier accumulation, and broadens the effective recombination zone, thereby improving exciton utilization. The optimal doping concentration is 10 wt%, at which the device achieves an EQE of 3.56% and a peak radiant power density of 57.84 mW·cm-2, while maintaining high spectral purity; the integrated spectral contribution below 400 nm reaches 68.37%. Transient photoluminescence analysis further shows that the exciton lifetime increases from 15.38 ns (neat mCPPO1 film) to 23.28 ns at 10 wt% doping, indicating suppression of nonradiative decay channels and improved carrier balance. In contrast, excessive doping (≥ 15 wt%) introduces additional energetic disorder and loss pathways, leading to reduced current output and degraded efficiency. Finally, the stability of the devices was tested. Compared with the undoped device, the doped devices showed a substantial improvement in stability. These results verify that dopant-enabled carrier-balance engineering is an effective route to enhance NUV-OLEDs performance and highlight a practical approach to repurposing deep-blue bipolar host materials as near-ultraviolet emitters.

     

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