Reducing the out-of-band radar cross section (RCS) of radomes while maintaining high in-band transmission efficiency is a key technical challenge in electromagnetic stealth and antenna engineering fields. Conventional solutions rely on frequency selective surfaces (FSS) or microwave absorbing materials. However, FSS structures are often restricted to special curved shapes and difficult to apply in planar cases, and the absorbing materials introduce considerable insertion loss. Both solutions degrade antenna radiation performance. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a metasurface composite radome based on the scattering cancellation mechanism. The proposed design realizes broadband out-of-band RCS reduction and low-loss in-band transmission simultaneously without introducing any lossy medium. The proposed radome adopts a multi-layer sandwiched structure composed of quartz fiber/epoxy composite panels, low-dielectric foam core, and anisotropic FSS layers. Two types of FSS elements with orthogonal orientations are arranged in a chessboard configuration to generate a reflection phase difference close to 180° outside the passband, so that specular reflected waves cancel each other and electromagnetic energy is redirected to non-specular directions, resulting in significant RCS reduction. To gain the phase conditions for scattering cancellation and high-efficiency transmission, full-wave electromagnetic simulations are carried out to design the structural parameters, including FSS patterns, layer thicknesses and unit dimensions. A prototype sample is fabricated via printed circuit board processing, vacuum-assisted resin infusion and low-dielectric adhesive bonding. Free-space measurement in a microwave anechoic chamber shows that the proposed radome achieves over 10 dB RCS reduction in 4-8 GHz and 12-18 GHz under normal incidence, and the insertion loss is less than 1 dB within frequency range of 8-12 GHz. The simulated and measured results are highly consistent, verifying the effectiveness and repeatability of the design. Compared with traditional absorbing radomes, this structure features planar configuration, loss-free mechanism, simple preparation, low cost and stable electromagnetic performance, providing a new feasible scheme for high-performance stealth radome design. It is believed that this work may find potential engineering application for the low-observable design in shipborne, airborne and vehicular antenna systems.