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中国物理学会期刊

钛酸钡基多铁隧道结的理论研究

Theoretical study of barium titanate-based multiferroic tunnel junctions

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  • 由于钛酸钡具有较小的临界厚度,且与典型的铁磁金属电极的晶格常数匹配度高,所以钛酸钡基多铁隧道结被认为在非易失性存储器等领域具有重要的应用潜力。实验发现,钛酸钡基多铁隧道结在高偏压区域的隧穿磁阻比值(TMR)随偏压非单调变化,该现象的物理机制在理论上需要给予阐明。另一方面,钛酸钡基多铁隧道结中铁磁效应和铁电效应之间的影响需要在理论上进行系统性的研究。基于上述原因,本文以Co/BTO/LSMO多铁隧道结为研究对象,利用Airy函数严格计算了该体系的隧穿磁阻效应和隧穿电致电阻效应,并系统地研究了外加偏压和隧穿层厚度的影响。研究结果表明:Co/BTO/LSMO多铁隧道结的TMR和隧穿电致电阻比值(TER)随偏压和隧穿层厚度的变化曲线均存在振荡现象。该振荡现象物理上来源于隧穿过程中的量子干涉效应。此外,铁电隧穿层极化产生的静电势对隧穿层势结构的影响使得Co/BTO/LSMO多铁隧道结中的隧穿磁阻效应较弱,进而导致铁磁电极磁取向对隧穿电致电阻效应几乎没有影响。该理论结果与实验一致,意味着传统结构的钛酸钡基多铁隧道结难以作为四阻态器件应用在存储器领域。

     

    Owing to small critical thickness and high lattice matching with typical ferromagnetic metal electrodes, barium titanate is often employed as the tunneling layer of multiferroic tunnel junctions, and barium titanate-based multiferroic tunnel junctions are considered to possess significant application potential in the field of non-volatile memory. It was found experimentally that the tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) of barium titanate-based multiferroic tunnel junctions does not monotonically vary with the bias voltage. The physical mechanism of the above phenomenon needs to be clarified theoretically. On the other hand, the interplay between the ferromagnetic effect and the ferroelectric effect in the barium titanate-based multiferroic tunnel junction needs to be investigated systematically. In this paper, we have calculated the tunneling magnetoresistance and the tunneling electroresistance of Co/BTO/LSMO multiferroic tunnel junctions by using the Airy function, and systematically study the influences of bias voltage and the thickness of tunneling layer. The results show that there exist oscillations in the curves of the TMR and tunneling electroresistance (TER) versus both bias voltage or the thickness of tunneling layer. Physically, the oscillations originate from the quantum interference effect in the tunneling process. In addition, the tunneling magnetoresistance effect in Co/BTO/LSMO multiferroic tunnel junction is quite weak, which arises from the influence of the polarization on the potential structure of the tunneling layer. This will lead that the magnetic arrangement of ferromagnetic electrode has little influence on the tunneling electroresistance effect, which agrees with the experiments. It indicates that the traditional barium titanate-based multiferroic tunnel junctions are unfavorable to serve as four-resistance state devices in the field of memory.

     

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