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中国物理学会期刊

驱动选择诱导的单光子与双光子束发射的可编程调控

Programmable Control of Single-Photon and Two-Photon Bundle Emission via Drive Selectivity

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  • 非经典光场的按需产生与灵活调控是量子光学和量子信息技术中的核心问题之一,而在单一物理平台中实现不同光子统计性质之间的灵活控制仍具有挑战性。本文研究了一个具有双光子非线性耦合与级联跃迁通道的腔量子电动力学体系,提出了一种驱动选择诱导的光子统计可编程调控机制。通过数值求解量子主方程,并结合高阶关联函数、时间相关特性及光子数分布,系统研究了不同驱动条件下的非经典发射行为。结果表明:在弱驱动区域内,腔驱动优先激发单激发子空间,从而更有利于实现高纯度、高亮度单光子发射;而原子驱动则更容易选择性激活双激发子空间,从而产生稳定的双光子束输出。当两类驱动同时存在时,体系可同时存在单光子与双光子发射通道,并可通过调节失谐与耦合参数实现二者之间的连续可控转换。这些结果揭示了非经典光场的产生不仅取决于非线性相互作用强度,更来源于驱动方式、能谱结构与跃迁路径之间的协同作用。该工作建立了一种基于驱动自由度调控光子统计性质的统一物理图像,为多功能量子光源及集成量子光学器件设计提供了新的思路。

     

    The generation and manipulation of nonclassical light are of fundamental importance in quantum optics and quantum information processing. Although various mechanisms have been proposed for realizing photon blockade and multiphoton emission, achieving programmable control over distinct photonstatistical behaviors within a single cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) platform remains challenging. In this work, we investigate a cavity-QED system consisting of a four-level atom coupled to a single-mode cavity and propose a drive-selective mechanism for programmable control of photon statistics. Operating in the large-detuning regime, the intermediate state is adiabatically eliminated, yielding an effective model that simultaneously contains a two-photon Jaynes-Cummings (JC) nonlinear interaction and a cascade-assisted coupling channel. By solving the quantum master equation and analyzing high-order correlation functions, photon-number distributions, and time-dependent correlations, we systematically study the nonclassical emission properties under different driving conditions. We find that the cavity driving and atomic driving activate different excitation manifolds and therefore lead to distinct quantum statistical behaviors. Under cavity driving, the system predominantly populates the single-excitation manifold and exhibits strong photon blockade with pronounced antibunching, resulting in high-purity single-photon emission. In contrast, atomic driving preferentially excites the two-excitation manifold, where the cooperation between the two-photon JC nonlinearity and the cascade coupling channel opens an efficient two-photon transition pathway. Consequently, the system generates stable two-photon bundle emission characterized by enhanced second-order correlations, suppressed higher-order correlations, and antibunching between successive photon bundles. To reveal the underlying physical mechanism, we further analyze the excitation spectrum. The single-photon emission originates from resonant transitions in the one-excitation manifold, whereas the two-photon bundle emission is associated with resonant processes in the two-excitation manifold. In particular, when the states |2, g〉 and |0, m〉 become nearly degenerate, the direct two-photon transition is strongly enhanced, while the intermediate state contributes through virtual processes and modifies the resonance condition. The interplay between direct two-photon conversion and cascade-assisted excitation provides an effective excitation-pathway selection mechanism. When both driving fields are simultaneously applied, the system supports the coexistence of single-photon and two-photon emission channels. By tuning the detuning and coupling parameters, a continuous transition between these two nonclassical emission regimes can be achieved. Our results demonstrate that photon statistics are governed not only by nonlinear interactions but also by the cooperative interplay among driving configurations, excitation pathways, and spectral structures. This work establishes a general framework for programmable quantum-light generation and provides a feasible route toward multifunctional quantum light sources in cavity-QED and related quantum photonic platforms.

     

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