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中国物理学会期刊

基于87Rb原子光频标可移动光生微波信号源的研究

Research on a Mobile Optically Generated Microwave Signal Source Based on 87Rb Atomic Optical Frequency Standard

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  • 本文利用集成化光学频率梳实现了从87Rb原子光频标到高稳定微波频标的转换. 首先, 设计并搭建了一套集成化87Rb原子光频标装置, 采用调制转移光谱技术将780 nm激光频率锁定到87Rb原子的5S1/2(F=2)-5P3/2(F'=3)跃迁上. 实验测得该稳频激光的秒级频率稳定度为9.9×10-14, 激光线宽约为37.1 kHz. 在此基础上, 将集成化光纤光学频率梳的载波包络偏移频率fceo与重复频率fr同时参考至氢钟, 实现了87Rb原子5S1/2(F=2)-5P3/2(F'=3)跃迁绝对频率的测量. 进一步, 在不依赖氢钟的条件下, 基于87Rb原子光频标锁定光学频率梳并产生微波信号, 实现了光频稳定度向微波频段的有效传递, 其稳定度与光频稳定度一致. 当采样时间为10 s时, 微波信号的稳定度可以达到1.6×10-13, 短期稳定度接近商业铯喷泉钟的水平.该光生微波装置的结构简单, 集成化程度高, 具备良好的可搬运应用潜力, 可为高性能微波频率参考及便携式原子钟系统提供技术支撑.

     

    This paper demonstrates the conversion of a 87Rb atomic optical frequency standard to a highly stable microwave frequency standard using an integrated optical frequency comb. First, an integrated 87Rb atomic optical frequency standard was designed and constructed. The frequency of a 780 nm laser was locked to the 5S1/2(F=2)-5P3/2(F’=3) transition of 87Rb atoms using modulation transfer spectroscopy. The stabilized laser achieved a frequency stability of 9.9×10-14 at 1 s and a linewidth of approximately 37.1 kHz. On this basis, the carrier-envelope offset frequency fceo and repetition frequency fr of the integrated fiber optical frequency comb were simultaneously referenced to a hydrogen maser, enabling absolute frequency measurement of the 87Rb 5S1/2(F=2)-5P3/2(F’=3) transition. Furthermore, without relying on a hydrogen maser, the optical frequency comb was locked based on the 87Rb atomic optical frequency standard to generate a microwave signal, thereby effectively transferring the optical frequency stability to the microwave domain, with the generated microwave stability consistent with that of the optical frequency standard. At an averaging time of 10 s, the frequency stability of the microwave signal reached 1.6×10-13. The short-term stability is close to the level of commercial cesium fountain clocks. The optically generated microwave device features a simple structure and a high degree of integration, showing good potential for transportable applications and providing technical support for high-performance microwave frequency references and portable atomic clock systems.

     

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