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受不可逆损失的影响, 热光伏能量转换器件在高品位热能回收与利用方面受到限制. 本文揭示不可逆损失来源, 提供热光伏能量转换器件性能提升方案. 利用半导体物理和普朗克热辐射理论, 确定热光伏能量转换器件在理想条件下的最大效率. 进而考虑Auger与Shockley-Reed-Hall非辐射复合和不可逆传热损失对光伏电池的电学、光学和热学特性的影响, 预测热光伏器件优化性能. 确定功率密度、效率和光子截止能量的优化区间. 结果表明: 相比于理想热光伏器件, 非理想热光伏器件的开路电压、短路电流密度和效率有所降低; 优化热光伏电池电压、光子截止能量和热源温度, 可提升器件的功率密度和效率. 通过对比发现理论与实验结果较一致, 所得结果可为实际热光伏能量转换器件的研制提供理论指导.The application of thermophotovoltaic energy conversion device to recovery and utilization of high-grade thermal energy are limited by its irreversible loss. In this work, we reveal the source of irreversible loss and provide a strategy for improving the performance of thermophotovoltaic energy conversion device. The maximum efficiency of thermophotovoltaic energy conversion device under ideal condition is determined by using the theory of semiconductor physics and Planck thermal radiation. Moreover, the effects of non-radiative recombination and irreversible heat transfer loss on the electrical, optical, and thermal characteristics of thermophotovoltaic device are considered to predict the optimal performance of thermophotovoltaic device. The optimal region of power density, efficiency, and photon cut-off energy are determined. The obtained results show that the open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current density and efficiency of non-ideal device are lower than those of ideal device. The voltage output and photon cut-off energy of thermophotovoltaic device and heat source temperature can be optimized to improve the power density and efficiency of the device. It is found that the theoretical results are in good agreement with the experimental results, which can provide some guidances fordeveloping the practical thermophotovoltaic devices.
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Keywords:
- thermophotovoltaic /
- detailed balance /
- thermodynamic limit /
- non-radiative recombination /
- optimal design
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图 2 效率η随输出电压V变化曲线
Fig. 2. The curves of the efficiency η varying with the voltage V for given three values
${T_{\rm{E}}}$ .
图 3 非理想和理想光伏电池特性随
${T_{\rm{E}}}$ 变化的关系曲线 (a)开路电压; (b)短路电流密度Fig. 3. The curves of non-ideal and ideal photovoltaic cells varying with
${T_{\rm{E}}}$ : (a) open-circuit voltages; (b) short-circuit current densities.
图 4 (a)功率密度和(b)效率随
${T_{\rm{E}}}$ 和V变化三维曲面图Fig. 4. (a) The 3D graphs of power density and (b) efficiency as a function of
${T_{\rm{E}}}$ and V.
图 5 优化功率密度
${P_{{\rm{opt}}}}$ 和效率${\eta _{{\rm{opt}}}}$ 随光子截止能量${\varepsilon _{\rm{H}}}$ 变化的关系曲线图, 其中${T_{\rm{E}}} = 1500\, {\rm{K}}$ Fig. 5. Optimal power density
${P_{{\rm{opt}}}}$ and efficiency${\eta _{{\rm{opt}}}}$ as a function of photons’ cut-off energy${\varepsilon _{\rm{H}}}$ , where${T_{\rm{E}}} = 1500\, {\rm{K}}.$ -
[1] 于海童, 刘东, 杨震, 段远源 2018 物理学报 67 024209
Google Scholar
Yu H T, Liu D, Yang Z, Duan Y Y 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 024209
Google Scholar
[2] 吴限量, 张德贤, 蔡宏琨, 周严, 倪牮, 张建军 2015 物理学报 64 096102
Google Scholar
Wu X L, Zhang D X Cai H K, Zhou Y, Ni J, Zhang J J 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 096102
Google Scholar
[3] Datas A, Martí A 2017 Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 161 285
Google Scholar
[4] Corey M., Massoud K 2019 Appl. Phys. Rev. 6 021305
Google Scholar
[5] Wang Y, Liu H, Zhu J 2019 APL Mater. 7 080906
Google Scholar
[6] Lenert A, Bierman D M, Nam Y, Chan W R, Celanović I, Soljačić M, et al. 2014 Nat. Nanotechnol. 9 126
Google Scholar
[7] Datas A 2015 Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 134 275
Google Scholar
[8] Tedah I A O, Maculewicz F, Wolf D E, Schmechel R 2019 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 52 275501
Google Scholar
[9] Hong Y, Otten M, Min M, Stephen K G, David P N 2019 Appl. Phys. Lett. 114 053901
Google Scholar
[10] Burger T, Fan D, Lee K, Lenert A 2018 ACS Photonics 5 2748
Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
[12] Wang R Q, Lu J C, Jiang J H 2019 Phys. Rev. Applied 12 044038
Google Scholar
[13] Fiorino A, Zhu L, Thompson D, Mittapally R, Reddy P, Meyhofer E 2018 Nat. Nanotech. 13 806
Google Scholar
[14] Liao T, Yang Z, Chen X, Chen J 2019 IEEE Transac. Electron Devices 66 1386
Google Scholar
[15] Liao T, Zhang X, Chen X, Chen J 2019 J. Appl. Phys. 125 203103
Google Scholar
[16] Liao T, Du J, Guo J, Chen X, Chen J 2019 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 53 055503
[17] Datas A, Vaillon R 2019 Appl. Phys. Lett. 114 133501
Google Scholar
[18] Datas A, Vaillon R 2019 Nano Energy 61 10
Google Scholar
[19] Chubb D L, Good B S 2018 Sol. Energy 159 760
Google Scholar
[20] 龙军华, 谭明, 季莲, 肖梦, 吴渊渊, 陆书龙, 代盼, 李雪飞, 金山, 邢志伟, 鲁姣, 杨文献 2018 中国科学: 物理学力学天文学 48 117301
Google Scholar
Long J H, Tan M, Ji L, Xiao M, Wu Y Y, Lu S L, Dai P, Li X F, Jin S, Xing Z W, Lu J, Yang W X 2018 Sci. Sin.-Phys. Mech. Astron. 48 117301
Google Scholar
[21] Liao T, Chen X, Yang Z, Lin B, Chen J 2016 Energy Conver. Manage. 126 205
Google Scholar
[22] Chen K, Santhanam P, Sandhu S, Zhu L, Fan S 2015 Phys. Rev. B 91 134301
Google Scholar
[23] Utlu Z 2019 Int. J. Low-Carbon Technologies https://doi.org/ 10.1093/ijlct/ctz049 [2019-12-1]
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