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厄米-高斯光束在诸多前沿科学领域都有着重要的应用。不同于目前普遍采用的晶体端面离轴泵浦方式，本文提出了一种利用板条激光器产生厄米-高斯激光束的方法。我们采用半导体激光阵列大面正交泵浦板条激光介质，具有大模场特性。根据预先设计的谐振腔模场，在板条厚度和宽度方向分别采用尺寸可调的光阑限模。由于高阶模式对谐振腔腔镜不对准的灵敏度弱于低阶模式，可通过耦合输出镜倾斜量的控制，实现不同阶数模式腔内损耗的差异化调控，从而产生各阶次的高纯度厄米-高斯光束。利用Nd:YAG板条激光器，我们获得了0~9阶一维厄米-高斯光束，其光强分布与理论值的相关系数 ρ高于0.95，光束质量因子ρ也与理论值吻合良好。最高阶HG09模式的输出功率为 244 mW。在此基础上，进一步利用柱透镜对组成的像散模式转换器，实现了各阶厄米-高斯光束向对应拉盖尔-高斯光束的转换。结合板条放大器结构，基于本方案产生的厄米-高斯光束具备功率定标放大的前景。Hermite-Gaussian (HG) beams have many important applications in the optical frontier,and the limited output power of the high-purity HG beams is partly due to the small gain volume of the mode.The commonly used off-axis end-pumped scheme offers a narrow gain volume whose diameter is about a hundred microns.In this paper,a new method for generation of HG beams based on a slab resonator that has a large mode volume is proposed and experimentally demonstrated.According to the optical resonator theory,the intra-cavity modes in thickness and width direction of the slab resonator are restricted by inserting two size-adjustable apertures,respectively.The one-dimensional HG beam generation is mainly guaranteed by the size of the aperture along the thickness direction of the slab,which matches the diameter of the fundamental mode.The different order one-dimensional HG beams are obtained by refined intra-cavity mode modulation.Since the higher-order modes are less sensitive to the misalignment of the cavity mirror than the lower-order modes,the manipulation of the modes-loss at different orders is achieved by combining the tilt control of the coupled output mirror and the size control of intra-cavity apertures.Through the adjustment of the optical gain and loss in the resonator,the single mode wins out in the laser modes competition.Consequently,high-purity one-dimensional HG beams with orders 0 to 9(HG00 to HG09) are generated.The pump module is comprised of a two-dimensional laser diode array which offers face-pumping to the large surface of the slab,therefore the width of the mode volume is extended to several millimeters.By further incorporating the 100mm-level length slab,the total gain volume is much larger than the off-axis pumping scheme.In this paper,the output power of the highest order HG09 mode is up to 244 mW.Due to the large gain volume and uniform gain distribution brought by the face-pumped slab,the purity of high order HG modes is quite good.The correlation coefficient ρ between the measured intensity distribution and the theoretical value is larger than 0.95.The beam quality factor ρ is also in good agreement with the theory.Finally,a conversion from Hermite-Gaussian beams to the donut-shaped Laguerre-Gaussian beams is realized by using an astigmatic mode converter.Hopefully,power scaling of the HG beam output is also expected by employing cascaded slab amplifiers,and the approach in this paper provides a novel solution for generation of high power HG beams.
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Keywords:
- Hermite-Gaussian beam /
- slab laser /
- large mode volume /
- tilt control /
- power scaling
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