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中国物理学会期刊

一维谐振子束缚的自旋轨道耦合玻色气体

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.68.20190143

One-dimensional spin-orbit coupling Bose gases with harmonic trapping

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.68.20190143
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  • 量子光学中的Rabi模型描述了一个与量子谐振子耦合的两能级系统, 当耦合强度与振子频率相当时, 会产生丰富的物理现象. 本文研究了谐波势阱中具有拉曼诱导自旋轨道耦合的Bose气体, 通过将受限系统映射为Rabi模型, 引入量子光学中的平移Fock态利用变分方法求解了系统的本征能态和基态, 发现左右平移Fock态的奇宇称叠加态能量低于平移态的能量,并分别研究了粒子在动量和坐标空间的动力学Zitterbewegung振荡特性以及原子极化的动力学, 给出了一个直观清晰的物理图像, 与相关实验的结果定性一致. 本文的研究结果有助于进一步研究量子光学领域目前难以实现的深度强耦合参数区域的量子Rabi模型, 对冷原子物理的研究也有一些借鉴和启发.

     

    Rabi model is a popular model in quantum optics and describes a two-level system coupling to a quantum resonator. The fruitful physics appears when the coupling strength is comparable to the frequency of the resonator. We investigate the Bose gases of Raman induced spin-orbit coupling with an external harmonic trapping. Using the displacement Fock state in quantum optics we seek for an approximate ground state. We find the superposition state of left and right displaced oscillator state with odd parity has lower energy than the displaced state itself. Besides, we study the time evolution of both the momentum and the position of the system at single particle level to demonstrate the Zitterbewegung oscillating characteristics, which present an intuitive physical picture and are in qualitative agreement with the relevant experimental results. The results are useful to study the Rabi model in deep-strong coupling regime, the model that is difficult to realize in today’s experiment based on the high controllability property of laser, and these results are also instructive for the cold atom physics field.

     

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