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本文利用自由能的概念并作了固溶粒子(包括胚芽和胶粒)都是同样大小的假定,讨论了在离子晶体中由于杂质原子浓度的增加,该固体由半导体过渡到固溶胶体的物理条件;推导出杂质原子临界浓度公式;讨论了胚芽的临界值和施主原子临界浓度与激活条件的关系。并指出当温度改变时,出现临界温度,超过此温度时,固溶胶体将转化为半导体。最后分析了自由能曲面的特点和出现固溶胶粒的充分条件。下一篇文章将讨论固溶胶粒有一定分布的情况,和胶粒的生长以及施主原子浓度等问题;并且还指出只要对这些讨论作简单的修正就可以应用于原子晶体和合金系统。The idea of free energy has been used in the discussion of physical conditions for the formation of colloidal particles. The formulas for critical concentration of impurity atoms and donor atoms and for critical values of crystal nuclei are deduced and discussed under the assumption that all the crystal nuclei have the same size. It is pointed out that there is a critical temperature for the transformation of colloidal particles into impurities of semiconductor or F-centres of alkali halides. The characteristics of surfaces of free energy and the sufficient condition of the formation of colloidal particles are also discussed in this paper.
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