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对超声检测中常用的楔形换能器的远场作了分析和实验。在理论上给出了在半无限大各向同性介质中纵波和横波指向性图案,以及在介质表面的瑞利波指向性图案。对于钢介质,对这三种波型作了指向性图案的数字计算,并对纵波和瑞利波作了指向性图案的测量。指出超声检测中某些需要考虑的问题。The directivity patterns of angle probes commonly used in ultrasonic material-testing are studied both theoretically and experimentally. Expressions are obtained for longitudinal waves and transverse waves radiating into the body under test and for surface waves propagating over the surface of the body, treated as a semi-infinite isotropic medium. Numerical computations are given in all three cases for a steel object. The theoretical deductions are partially checked by experiments for the case of longitudinal and surface waves. Some problems to be considered in ultrasonic testing are pointed out.
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