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为便于评价、优化磁式压电振动能量采集系统的性能, 系统研究了该类系统的建模与分析方法, 建立了非线性的分布参数模型用于描述系统的非线性动力学行为, 并采用谐波平衡法给出了谐波响应的解析解. 随后利用仿真模型分析了磁铁间距、加速度幅值、负载阻抗对输出功率的影响, 比较了不同激励频率和加速度幅值下的最优阻抗. 结果表明: 双稳态特性适用于低强度的振动环境, 且愈接近临界区域, 输出功率愈高, 而单稳态渐硬特性适用于高强度振动环境, 其最优间距并不靠近临界区域; 阱间大幅运动和阱内小幅运动均存在高低能量态共存的现象, 愈接近临界区域, 现象愈明显; 激振频率是影响最优负载阻抗的决定性因素.Modeling and analyzing of the piezoelectric vibration energy harvester using permanent magnets are systematically investigated to facilitate the evaluation and optimization of such a harvester. We set up a distributed-parameter model for describing nonlinear dynamic behaviors of these harvesters,and present harmonic analytical solution by using harmonic balance method. An analysis is performed using the simulation model to determine the effects of the distance between two magnets, amplitude of acceleration, electrical load resistance on the level of the output power. The optimum resistive loads under different vibration frequencies and accelerations are also compared. The results show that the bistable configuration is applicable to a small excitation case, and the closer to the transition region the small excitation position, the more the power can be harvested. Conversely, the monostable hardening configuration is suited for the large excitation case, the corresponding optimal magnet distance is not close to the transition region. Furthermore, the large amplitude oscillation between two potential wells and small amplitude oscillation within one potential well also bring forth coexisting phenomena of high-energy response and low-energy response; the closer to the transition region the oscillation position, the more obivious the coexisting phenomenon is. It is also demonstrated that exciting frequency is a decisive factor of optimum load resistance.
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Keywords:
- nonlinearity /
- energy harvesting /
- piezoelectric cantilever beam /
- magnet
[1] Zhu D B, Tudor M J, Beeby S P 2010 Meas. Sci. Technol. 21 022001
[2] Tang L H, Yang Y, Soh C K 2010 J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 21 1867
[3] Shahruz S M 2008 J. Comput. Nonlinear Dyn. 3 041001
[4] Stanton S, McGehee C, Mann B 2009 Appl. Phys. Lett. 95 174103
[5] Ramlan R, Brennan M J, Mace B R, Burrow S G 2012 J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 23 1423
[6] Erturk A, Hoffmann J, Inman D J 2009 Appl. Phys. Lett. 94 254102
[7] Tang L H, Yang Y, Soh C K 2012 J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 23 1433
[8] Stanton S C, McGehee C C, Mann B P 2010 Physica D 239 640
[9] Chen Z S, Yang Y M 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 074301 (in Chinese) [陈仲生, 杨永民 2011 物理学报 60 074301]
[10] Sun S, Cao S Q 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 210505 (in Chinese) [孙舒, 曹树谦 2012 物理学报 61 210505]
[11] Gao Y J, Leng Y G, Fan S B, Lai Z H 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 090501 (in Chinese) [高毓璣, 冷永刚, 范胜波, 赖志慧 2014 物理学报 63 090501]
[12] Fan K Q, Xu C H, Wang W D, Fang Y 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 084501
[13] Erturk A, Inman D J 2011 Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting (Chichester: Wiley), pp171, 345
[14] Yung K W, Landecker P B, Villani D D 1998 Magn. Electr. Separ. 9 39
[15] Bryant M, Ephrahim G 2011 J. Vib. Acoust. 133 011010
[16] Erturk A, Inman D J 2011 J. Sound Vib. 330 2339
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[1] Zhu D B, Tudor M J, Beeby S P 2010 Meas. Sci. Technol. 21 022001
[2] Tang L H, Yang Y, Soh C K 2010 J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 21 1867
[3] Shahruz S M 2008 J. Comput. Nonlinear Dyn. 3 041001
[4] Stanton S, McGehee C, Mann B 2009 Appl. Phys. Lett. 95 174103
[5] Ramlan R, Brennan M J, Mace B R, Burrow S G 2012 J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 23 1423
[6] Erturk A, Hoffmann J, Inman D J 2009 Appl. Phys. Lett. 94 254102
[7] Tang L H, Yang Y, Soh C K 2012 J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 23 1433
[8] Stanton S C, McGehee C C, Mann B P 2010 Physica D 239 640
[9] Chen Z S, Yang Y M 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 074301 (in Chinese) [陈仲生, 杨永民 2011 物理学报 60 074301]
[10] Sun S, Cao S Q 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 210505 (in Chinese) [孙舒, 曹树谦 2012 物理学报 61 210505]
[11] Gao Y J, Leng Y G, Fan S B, Lai Z H 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 090501 (in Chinese) [高毓璣, 冷永刚, 范胜波, 赖志慧 2014 物理学报 63 090501]
[12] Fan K Q, Xu C H, Wang W D, Fang Y 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 084501
[13] Erturk A, Inman D J 2011 Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting (Chichester: Wiley), pp171, 345
[14] Yung K W, Landecker P B, Villani D D 1998 Magn. Electr. Separ. 9 39
[15] Bryant M, Ephrahim G 2011 J. Vib. Acoust. 133 011010
[16] Erturk A, Inman D J 2011 J. Sound Vib. 330 2339
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