基于中红外量子级联激光器和石英增强光声光谱的CO超高灵敏度检测研究

马欲飞; 何应; 于欣; 于光; 张静波; 孙锐

doi:10.7498/aps.65.060701

摘要

采用石英增强光声光谱(QEPAS)技术对CO痕量气体展开检测研究. 为了实现超高灵敏度探测, 采用输出波长为4.6 m的新颖中红外高功率分布反馈量子级联激光器为光源, 实现了对CO气体基频吸收带的激发与测量. 在优化了调制深度、气体压强和提高了CO分子的振动-转动弛豫速率后, 获得了1.95 ppbv的优异探测极限. 在分析检测结果的过程中, 讨论了能级寿命对信号强度的影响, 并对QEPAS信号强度的表达式进行了修正.

关键词:

Abstract

Quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) technology was invented lately. Therefore it is an innovative method for trace gas detection compared with other existing technologies. In this paper, trace gas detection for carbon monoxide (CO) based on QEPAS technology is demonstrated. In order to realize high sensitive detection, a novel mid-infrared, state-of-art 4.6 m high power, continuous wave (CW), distributed feedback (DFB) quantum cascade laser (QCL) with single mode output is used as the laser exciting source. Therefore, the strongest absorption of fundamental frequency band of CO is achieved. Using the wavelength modulation spectroscopy and the 2nd harmonic detection, the influence of laser wavelength modulation depth on QEPAS signal level is investigated. Two important parameters of Q-factor and resonant frequency for quartz tuning fork as a function of gas pressure are measured. After optimization of the modulation depth of laser wavelength, the gas pressure of CO:N2 gas mixture and the improving speed of the V-R relaxation rate through the addition of water vapor, a minimum detection limit (MDL) of 1.95 parts per billion by volume (ppbv) for CO at gas pressure of 500 Torr and modulation depth of 0.2 cm-1 is achieved with a 1 sec acquisition time and the addition of 2.6% water vapor in the analyzed gas mixture. Finally, the influence of level lifetime of the targeted gas on QEPAS signal amplitude is investigated by comparison of CO QEPAS sensor performance using two different CO absorption lines of R(5) and R(6) located at 2165.6 cm-1 and 2169.2 cm-1respectively. The expression of the QEPAS signal amplitude is modified by adding the level lifetime parameter for a better precision.

Keywords:

quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy /
quantum cascade laser /
level lifetime

作者及机构信息

1.
哈尔滨工业大学, 可调谐激光技术国家级重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150001;

2.
哈尔滨工业大学动力工程及工程热物理博士后流动站, 哈尔滨 150001

通信作者: 马欲飞, mayufei@hit.edu.cn

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 61505041)、黑龙江省自然科学基金(批准号: F2015011)、中国博士后科学基金特别资助(批准号: 2015T80350)、中国博士后科学基金面上资助(批准号: 2014M560262)、黑龙江省博士后科学基金资助(批准号: LBH-Z14074)、黑龙江省博士后科学基金特别资助(批准号: LBH-TZ0602)、中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(批准号: HIT. NSRIF. 2015044) 和国家重大科学仪器设备开发专项(批准号: 2012YQ040164)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Tunable Laser, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China;

2.
Post-doctoral Mobile Station of Power Engineering and Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China

Corresponding author: Ma Yu-Fei, mayufei@hit.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61505041), the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China (Grant No. F2015011), the Special Financial Grant from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2015T80350), the General Financial Grant from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2014M560262), the Postdoctoral Fund of Heilongjiang Province, China (Grant No. LBH-Z14074), the Special Financial Grant from the Heilongjiang Province Postdoctoral Foundation of China (Grant No. LBH-TZ0602), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (Grant No. HIT. NSRIF. 2015044), and the National Key Scientific Instrument and Equipment Development Projects of China (Grant No. 2012YQ040164).

参考文献

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[2]	Ren W, Farooq A, Davidson D F, Hanson R K 2012 Appl. Phys. B 107 849
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[7]	Gong P, Xie L, Qi X Q, Wang R, Wang H, Chang M C, Yang H X, Sun F, Li G P 2015 Chin. Phys. B 24 014206
[8]	Dong L, Spagnolo V, Lewicki R, Tittel F K 2012 Opt. Express 19 24037
[9]	Liu K, Guo X Y, Yi H M, Chen W D, Zhang W J, Gao X M 2009 Opt. Lett. 34 1594
[10]	Liu K, Li J S, Wang L, Tan T, Zhang W J, Gao X M, Chen W D, Tittel F K 2009 Appl. Phys. B 94 527
[11]	Yin X K, Zheng H D, Dong L, Wu H P, Liu X L, Ma W G, Zhang L, Yin W B, Jia S T 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 130701 (in Chinese) [尹旭坤, 郑华丹, 董磊, 武红鹏, 刘小利, 马维光, 张雷, 尹王保, 贾锁堂 2015 物理学报 64 130701]
[12]	Ma Y F, Yu X, Yu G, Li X D, Zhang J B, Chen D Y, Sun R 2015 Appl. Phys. Lett. 107 021106
[13]	Liu K, Guo X Y, Yi H M, Chen W D, Zhang W J, Gao X M 2009 Opt. Lett. 34 1594
[14]	Borri S, Patimisco P, Galli I, Mazzotti D, Giusfredi G, Akikusa N, Yamanishi M, Scamarcio G, de Natale P, Spagnolo V 2014 Appl. Phys. Lett. 104 091114
[15]	Faist J, Capasso F, Sivco D L, Sirtori C, Hutchinson A L, Cho A Y 1994 Science 264 553
[16]	Ma Y F, Yu G, Zhang J B, Yu X, Sun R, Tittel F K 2015 Sensors 15 7596
[17]	Dong L, Kosterev A A, Thomazy D, Tittel F K 2010 Appl. Phys. B 100 627
[18]	Kosterev A A, Tittel F K, Serebryakov D V, Malinovsky A L, Morozov I V 2005 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 76 043105
[19]	Ma Y F, Lewicki R, Razeghi M, Tittel F K 2013 Opt. Express 21 1008

施引文献

[1]	Bradshaw J L, Bruno J D, Lascola K M, Leavitt R P, Pham J T, Towner F J, Sonnenfroh D M, Parameswaran K R 2011 Proc. of SPIE 8032 80320D
[2]	Ren W, Farooq A, Davidson D F, Hanson R K 2012 Appl. Phys. B 107 849
[3]	Wagner S, Klein M, Kathrotia T, Riedel U, Kissel T, Dreizler A, Ebert V 2012 Appl Phys. B 109 533
[4]	Khalil M A K, Rasmussen R A 1984 Science 224 54
[5]	Logan J A, Prather M J, Wofsy S C, McElroy M B 1981 J. Geophys. Res. 86 7210
[6]	Kosterev A A, Bakhirkin Y A, Curl R F, Tittel F K 2002 Opt. Lett. 27 1902
[7]	Gong P, Xie L, Qi X Q, Wang R, Wang H, Chang M C, Yang H X, Sun F, Li G P 2015 Chin. Phys. B 24 014206
[8]	Dong L, Spagnolo V, Lewicki R, Tittel F K 2012 Opt. Express 19 24037
[9]	Liu K, Guo X Y, Yi H M, Chen W D, Zhang W J, Gao X M 2009 Opt. Lett. 34 1594
[10]	Liu K, Li J S, Wang L, Tan T, Zhang W J, Gao X M, Chen W D, Tittel F K 2009 Appl. Phys. B 94 527
[11]	Yin X K, Zheng H D, Dong L, Wu H P, Liu X L, Ma W G, Zhang L, Yin W B, Jia S T 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 130701 (in Chinese) [尹旭坤, 郑华丹, 董磊, 武红鹏, 刘小利, 马维光, 张雷, 尹王保, 贾锁堂 2015 物理学报 64 130701]
[12]	Ma Y F, Yu X, Yu G, Li X D, Zhang J B, Chen D Y, Sun R 2015 Appl. Phys. Lett. 107 021106
[13]	Liu K, Guo X Y, Yi H M, Chen W D, Zhang W J, Gao X M 2009 Opt. Lett. 34 1594
[14]	Borri S, Patimisco P, Galli I, Mazzotti D, Giusfredi G, Akikusa N, Yamanishi M, Scamarcio G, de Natale P, Spagnolo V 2014 Appl. Phys. Lett. 104 091114
[15]	Faist J, Capasso F, Sivco D L, Sirtori C, Hutchinson A L, Cho A Y 1994 Science 264 553
[16]	Ma Y F, Yu G, Zhang J B, Yu X, Sun R, Tittel F K 2015 Sensors 15 7596
[17]	Dong L, Kosterev A A, Thomazy D, Tittel F K 2010 Appl. Phys. B 100 627
[18]	Kosterev A A, Tittel F K, Serebryakov D V, Malinovsky A L, Morozov I V 2005 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 76 043105
[19]	Ma Y F, Lewicki R, Razeghi M, Tittel F K 2013 Opt. Express 21 1008

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