基于纯水可饱和吸收体的1.9 μm波段被动调<i>Q</i>和锁模掺铥光纤激光器

戴川生; 董志鹏; 林加强; 姚培军; 许立新; 顾春

doi:10.7498/aps.71.20212125

摘要

构建了纯水作为可饱和吸收体的被动调Q和锁模掺铥光纤激光器. 通过陶瓷套管将纯水固定在两个光纤跳线头之间, 调整水层厚度可以分别实现调Q和锁模操作. 调Q状态下的最大输出功率为0.531 mW, 此时的重复频率为53.45 kHz, 脉冲宽度为3.01 μs. 锁模状态下的最大输出功率为2.28 mW, 重复频率为17.69 MHz, 脉冲宽度为1.42 ps. 本文使用纯水作为可饱和吸收体的被动锁模光纤激光器, 其具有皮秒级的响应时间、低廉的价格和极高的损伤阈值, 可为掺铥全光纤脉冲激光器提供一种新方案.

关键词:

Abstract

All-fiber laser with short pulses possesses many advantages, such as superior stability, compact structure, and high single pulse energy. Recently, short pulse laser working in a 1.8–2.0 μm spectral region has received considerable attention due to its wide applications in laser spectroscopy, biomedicine, optical communications and sensing. The passive Q-switched and mode-locked operations by saturable absorber (SA) have been considered to be convenient and low-cost ways to achieve short pulses. Recently, pure water has been reported as the ideal SA because of its advantages of high damage threshold, low prices, good thermal diffusivity and stability. In this work, Tm-doped all-fiber pulse laser based on pure water as the SA is demonstrated. The pure water is fixed between two FC/PC fiber patchcord by the ceramic cannula, so we can change the loss of SA easily. The Q-switched and mode-locked operations can be obtained by adjusting the water layer thickness. The maximum output power at Q-switched state is 0.531 mW, the repetition frequency is 53.45 kHz, and the pulse width is 3.01 μs. The maximum output power at mode-locked state is 2.28 mW, the repetition rate is 17.69 MHz, and the pulse width is 1.42 ps. To our knowledge, this is the first passive mode-locked fiber laser using pure water as a saturable absorber, and provides a new scheme for thulium-doped all-fiber pulse lasers.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
中国科学技术大学物理学院, 核探测与核电子学国家重点实验室, 安徽省光电子科学与技术重点实验室, 先进激光技术安徽省实验室, 合肥　230026

2.
厦门大学电子工程系, 厦门　361005

通信作者: 姚培军, yap@ustc.edu.cn

基金项目: 先进激光技术安徽省实验室主任基金(批准号: 2019122502)资助的课题

Authors and contacts

1.
Advanced Laser Technology Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China

2.
Department of Electronic Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China

Corresponding author: Yao Pei-Jun, yap@ustc.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the Director Fund of Advanced Laser Technology Laboratory of Anhui Province, China (Grant No. 2019122502).

文章全文 : translate this paragraph

参考文献

[1]	Barnes N P, Walsh B M, Reichle D J, Deyoung R J 2009 Opt. Mater. 31 1061 Google Scholar
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施引文献

图 1 纯水的吸收光谱

Fig. 1. Absorption spectrum of pure water.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 纯水SA掺铥光纤激光器的实验结构　TDF, 掺铥光纤; WDM, 波分复用器; PI-ISO, 偏振无关隔离器; PC, 偏振控制器; OC, 光耦合器; SA, 可饱和吸收体

Fig. 2. Experimental setup of pure water-SA Tm-doped fiber laser: TDF, Tm-doped fiber; WDM, wavelength division multiplexer; PI-ISO, polarization independent isolator; PC, polarization controller; OC, optical coupler; SA, saturable absorber.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 泵浦功率不同时的调Q脉冲序列　(a) 152 mW; (b) 238 mW; (c) 311 mW

Fig. 3. Q-switched pulse trains under different pump powers: (a) 152 mW; (b) 238 mW; (c) 311 mW.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 泵浦功率为152 mW时的调Q光谱

Fig. 4. Q-switched optical spectrum under pump power of 152 mW.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 (a) 输出功率和单脉冲能量随泵浦功率的变化; (b) 脉冲宽度和重复频率随泵浦功率的变化

Fig. 5. (a) Output power and single-pulse energy as a function of pump power; (b) pulse width and repetition rate as a function of pump power.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 (a) 示波器测得的锁模脉冲序列; (b) 输出锁模脉冲的自相关轨迹; (c) 锁模状态的输出光谱; (d) 锁模状态的输出射频频谱

Fig. 6. (a) Mode-locked pulse train measured by oscilloscope; (b) autocorrelation trace of the output mode-locked pulse; (c) output optical spectrum of the mode-locked state; (d) output radio frequency spectrum of the mode-locked state.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 锁模脉冲的长时间稳定性

Fig. 7. The long-time stability of mode-locked pulses.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 纯水SA在1.9 μm波长下的非线性响应

Fig. 8. Nonlinear response of the pure water SA at 1.9 μm wavelength.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

[1]	Barnes N P, Walsh B M, Reichle D J, Deyoung R J 2009 Opt. Mater. 31 1061 Google Scholar
[2]	Zipfel W R, Williams R M, Webb W W 2003 Nat. Biotechnol. 21 1369 Google Scholar
[3]	Steinlechner J, Martin I W, Bell A S, Hough J, Fletcher M, Murray P G, Robie R, Rowan S, Schnabel R 2018 Phys. Rev. Lett. 120 263602 Google Scholar
[4]	Tan S, Yang L, Wei X, Li C, Chen N, Tsia K K, Wong K K 2017 Opt. Lett. 42 1540 Google Scholar
[5]	Zhang H, Kavanagh N, Li Z, et al. 2015 Opt. Express 23 4946 Google Scholar
[6]	Fried N M 2005 Lasers Surg. Med. 36 52 Google Scholar
[7]	Hu J, Menyuk C R, Shaw L B, Sanghera J S, Aggarwal I D 2010 Opt. Lett. 35 2907 Google Scholar
[8]	Fermann M E, Andrejco M J, Silberberg Y, Stock M L 1993 Opt. Lett. 18 894 Google Scholar
[9]	Yan Z Y, Li X H, Tang Y L, Shum P P, Yu X, Zhang Y, Wang Q J 2015 Opt. Express 23 4369 Google Scholar
[10]	Sun B, Luo J Q, Ng B P, Yu X 2016 Opt. Lett. 41 4052 Google Scholar
[11]	Lagatsky A A, Fusari F, Calvez S, Gupta J A, Kisel V E, Kuleshov N V, Brown C T A, Dawson D, Sibbett W 2009 Opt. Lett. 34 2587 Google Scholar
[12]	Peng Y, Wei X, Wang W 2012 Laser Phys. Lett. 9 15 Google Scholar
[13]	Liu J, Wang Y, Qu Z, Fan X 2012 Opt. Laser Technol. 44 960 Google Scholar
[14]	Wang Y, Alam S U, Obraztsova E D, Pozharov A S, Set S Y, Yamashita S 2016 Opt. Lett. 41 3864 Google Scholar
[15]	Kong L, Qin Z, Xie G, Guo Z, Zhang H, Yuan P, Qian L 2016 Laser Phys. Lett. 13 045801 Google Scholar
[16]	Jung M, Lee J, Park J, Koo J, Jhon Y M, Lee J H 2015 Opt. Express 23 19996 Google Scholar
[17]	Xian T, Zhan L, Gao L, Zhang W, Zhang W 2019 Opt. Lett. 44 863 Google Scholar
[18]	Curcio J A, Petty C C 1951 J. Opt. Soc. Am. 41 302 Google Scholar
[19]	Zou W, Xu X, Xu R, Fan X, Zhao Y, Li L, Tang D, Shen D 2017 Photonics Res. 5 583 Google Scholar
[20]	Deàk J C, Rhea S T, Iwaki L K, Dlott D D 2000 J. Phys. Chem. A 104 4866 Google Scholar
[21]	Woutersen S, Bakker H J 1999 Nature 402 507 Google Scholar
[22]	Li G, Zhou Y, Li S, Yao P, Gao W, Gu C, Xu L 2018 Chin. Phys. Lett. 35 114203 Google Scholar

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基于纯水可饱和吸收体的1.9 μm波段被动调Q和锁模掺铥光纤激光器