基于MIT袋模型的零温与强磁场下夸克物质与磁星的性质

初鹏程; 王姣姣; 刘玉珩; 刘鹤; 刘宏铭

doi:10.7498/aps.74.20250898

摘要

基于MIT袋模型计算了零温与强磁场下奇异夸克物质与色味锁夸克物质的热力学性质. 发现色味锁态下夸克物质的热力学性质受色味锁夸克物质的能隙常数、磁场强度影响很大, 特别是物态方程会随着能隙常数的增加而变硬, 压强随着磁场强度的增加而呈现明显的各向异性. 结果表明色味锁态下基于MIT袋模型的夸克星质量半径曲线可以通过多个目前实验估测的脉冲星质量-半径区域, 色味锁夸克星的最大质量会随着能隙常数的增加而增大. 强磁场下色味锁磁星的质量与磁星内部磁场强度与方向的分布关系紧密, 星体物质的多方指数会随着星体质量的增加而减小.

关键词:

色味锁态 /
夸克星 /
磁星

Abstract

In this work, we investigate the properties of strange quark matter (SQM) and color-flavor-locked (CFL) quark matter under zero temperature or strong magnetic fields within MIT bag model. We find that the thermodynamical properties of CFL quark matter are strongly affected by pairing energy gap Δ and magnetic field. The sound velocity of CFL quark matter and the tidal deformability of CFL quark stars both increase with Δ increasing, while the central baryon density of the maximum star mass in CFL state decreases with Δ. Specifically, the equation of state (EOS) of the CFL quark matter becomes stiffer with the increase of Δ, and the pressure becomes anisotropic when considering the magnetic field in the CFL quark matter. Our results indicate that the mass-radius relations of the CFL quark matter within the MIT bag model can describe the recent observations of pulsars, and that the maximum mass of CFL quark star increases with the increase of Δ. Moreover, the research results indicate that the mass of CFL quark star depends on the magnetic field strength and its orientation distributions within the magnetars, and the polytropic index of CFL quark matter decreases with the increase of star mass.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

青岛理工大学理学院, 青岛　266033

通信作者: 初鹏程, kyois@126.com ; 刘鹤, liuhe@qut.edu.cn ; 刘宏铭, liuhongming13@126.com

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 12575134, 11975132, 12205158, 11505100)、山东省自然科学基金(批准号: ZR2022JQ04, ZR2021QA037, ZR2019YQ01)和青岛市自然科学基金(批准号: project 25-1-1-4-zyyd-jch)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China

Corresponding author: CHU Pengcheng, kyois@126.com ; LIU He, liuhe@qut.edu.cn ; LIU Hongming, liuhongming13@126.com

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12575134, 11975132, 12205158, 11505100), the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China (Grant Nos. ZR2022JQ04, ZR2021QA037, ZR2019YQ01), and the Natural Science Foundation of Qingdao, China (Grant No. project 25-1-1-4-zyyd-jch).

文章全文

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施引文献

图 1 零温情况下基于MIT袋模型的奇异夸克物质与色味锁夸克物质的每核子能量与相应的压强随重子数密度的变化

Fig. 1. The energy per baryon and corresponding pressure as functions of baryon densityof SQM and CFL quark matter within MIT bag model.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 奇异夸克物质与色味锁夸克物质的声速平方随重子数密度的变化

Fig. 2. The sound velocity square of SQM and CFL quark matter as functions of baryon density.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 奇异夸克物质与CFL夸克物质的多方指数随重子数密度的变化

Fig. 3. The polytropic index of SQM and CFL quark matter as a function of $ n_{\mathrm{B}} $.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 夸克星最大质量随能隙常数的变化规律

Fig. 4. The maximum mass of quark stars as a function of Δ

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 色味锁夸克星引力波潮汐形变随能隙常数的变化规律

Fig. 5. Tidal deformability of the CFL quark stars as a function of Δ.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 不同袋常数下色味锁夸克星最大质量对应的中心密度随Δ的变化

Fig. 6. The central density of the maximum mass of CFL quark stars as a functions of Δ with different bag constant.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 奇异夸克星与色味锁夸克星在不同Δ的质量半径关系

Fig. 7. Mass-radius lines of strange quark stars and CFL quark stars with different Δ.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 强磁场下MCFL夸克物质的每核子能量与压强随重子数密度变化关系

Fig. 8. The energy per baryon and pressure as functions of $ n_{\mathrm{B}} $ under strong magnetic fields.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 基于MIT袋模型下的MCFL磁星的质量半径关系

Fig. 9. Mass-radius relation of MCFL magnetars within MIT bag model.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 横向磁场与径向磁场下, MCFL态夸克物质的多方指数随重子数密度的变化关系

Fig. 10. The polytropic index as a function of baryon number density with transverse magnetic field and longitudinal magnetic field.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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基于MIT袋模型的零温与强磁场下夸克物质与磁星的性质