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Piezoelectrets are made from cellular polypropylene(pp)foam sheets by using a pressed-gas expansion followed by corona charging process. The elastic modulus, piezoelectricity and the acoustic response of such fabricated films are investigated. The results show that the Youngs modulus in the thickness direction is more than two orders of magnitude higher than those in the transverse directions. The d33 coefficient remains linear in an applied pressure range from 15 to 35 kPa. As measuring frequency increases from 2 to 300 Hz, d33 coefficient decreases to 81%, which is probably associated with the enhancement of elastic modulus of the film with pressure increasing. In a range from 100 Hz to 100 kHz, the PP piezoelectric films exhibit flat frequency response curves. The open circuit voltage sensitivity and d33 coefficient at 1 kHz are 0.84 mV/Pa and 164 pC/N, respectively.
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Keywords:
- polypropylene piezoelectrets /
- piezoelectricity /
- acoustic response
[1] Klempner D, Frisch K C 1991 Handbook of Polymeric Foams and Foam Technology (Muchen: Hanser Publisher)
[2] Lekkala J, Poramo R, Nyholm K, Kaikkonen T 1996 Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 34 67
[3] Bauer S, Gerhard-Multhaupt R, Sessler G M 2004 Phys. Today 57 37
[4] Lindner M, Hoislbauer H, Schödiauer R, Bauer-Gogonea S, Bauer S 2004 IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. 11 255
[5] Zhang X, Hillenbrand J, Sessler G M 2004 Appl. Phys. Lett. 85 1226
[6] Zhang X Q, Huang J F, Wang F P, Xia Z F, 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 52 1902 (in Chinese) [张晓青, 黄金峰, 王飞鹏, 夏钟福 2008 物理学报 52 1902]
[7] Zhang P F, Xia Z F, Qiu X L, Wang F P, Wu X Y 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 904 (in Chinese) [张鹏锋, 夏钟福, 邱勋林, 王飞鹏, 吴贤勇 2006 物理学报 55 904]
[8] Zhang X, Hillenbrand J, Sessler G M, Haberzettl S, Lou K 2012 Appl. Phys. A 107 621
[9] You Q, Lou K, Zhang X, Zhang Y 2011 Proceedings of the 2011 Symposium on Piezoelectricity, Acoustic Waves, and Device Applications (USA NJ: IEEE Operations Center) p395
[10] Graz I, Kaltenbrunner M, Keplinger C, Schwödiauer R, Bauer S, Lacour S P, Wagner S 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 89 073501
[11] Hillenbrand J, Sessler G M 2004 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 116 3267
[12] Kressmann R 2004 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 109 1412
[13] Zhang X, Hillenbrand J, Sessler G M 2004 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 37 2146
[14] Mellinger A 2003 IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electrl. Insul. 10 842
[15] Kressmann R 2001 J. Appl. Phys. 90 3489
[16] Sessler G M, Hillenbrand J 1999 Appl. Phys. Lett. 75 3405
[17] Wan Y, Xie L, Lou K, Zhang X, Zhong Z 2012 J. Mech. Phys. Sol. 60 1310
[18] Lagakos N, Jarzynski J, Cole J H, Bucaro J A 1986 J. Appl. Phys. 59 4017
[19] Gibson L J, Ashby M F 1997 Cellular Solids (London: Cambridge University Press)
[20] Zhang X, Hillenbrand J, Sessler G M 2007 J. Appl. Phys. 101 054114
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[1] Klempner D, Frisch K C 1991 Handbook of Polymeric Foams and Foam Technology (Muchen: Hanser Publisher)
[2] Lekkala J, Poramo R, Nyholm K, Kaikkonen T 1996 Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 34 67
[3] Bauer S, Gerhard-Multhaupt R, Sessler G M 2004 Phys. Today 57 37
[4] Lindner M, Hoislbauer H, Schödiauer R, Bauer-Gogonea S, Bauer S 2004 IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. 11 255
[5] Zhang X, Hillenbrand J, Sessler G M 2004 Appl. Phys. Lett. 85 1226
[6] Zhang X Q, Huang J F, Wang F P, Xia Z F, 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 52 1902 (in Chinese) [张晓青, 黄金峰, 王飞鹏, 夏钟福 2008 物理学报 52 1902]
[7] Zhang P F, Xia Z F, Qiu X L, Wang F P, Wu X Y 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 904 (in Chinese) [张鹏锋, 夏钟福, 邱勋林, 王飞鹏, 吴贤勇 2006 物理学报 55 904]
[8] Zhang X, Hillenbrand J, Sessler G M, Haberzettl S, Lou K 2012 Appl. Phys. A 107 621
[9] You Q, Lou K, Zhang X, Zhang Y 2011 Proceedings of the 2011 Symposium on Piezoelectricity, Acoustic Waves, and Device Applications (USA NJ: IEEE Operations Center) p395
[10] Graz I, Kaltenbrunner M, Keplinger C, Schwödiauer R, Bauer S, Lacour S P, Wagner S 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 89 073501
[11] Hillenbrand J, Sessler G M 2004 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 116 3267
[12] Kressmann R 2004 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 109 1412
[13] Zhang X, Hillenbrand J, Sessler G M 2004 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 37 2146
[14] Mellinger A 2003 IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electrl. Insul. 10 842
[15] Kressmann R 2001 J. Appl. Phys. 90 3489
[16] Sessler G M, Hillenbrand J 1999 Appl. Phys. Lett. 75 3405
[17] Wan Y, Xie L, Lou K, Zhang X, Zhong Z 2012 J. Mech. Phys. Sol. 60 1310
[18] Lagakos N, Jarzynski J, Cole J H, Bucaro J A 1986 J. Appl. Phys. 59 4017
[19] Gibson L J, Ashby M F 1997 Cellular Solids (London: Cambridge University Press)
[20] Zhang X, Hillenbrand J, Sessler G M 2007 J. Appl. Phys. 101 054114
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