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Water has the strong absorption of terahertz (THz) wave, so it always a difficult problem to study the characteristics of aqueous samples by THz technology. In this paper, THz waves with high field strength are obtained at the position of sample by using photoconductive antenna working in high-gain mode and horn shaped graded parallel plate waveguide in THz time-domain spectrum system, and the THz spectrum of α-lactose solution in a range of 0.1－1.5 THz is directly detected. Furthermore, the absorption spectrum of α-lactose single molecule model in water environment is simulated by the density functional theory, and the simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results. This work has important reference value for directly detecting the spectral characteristics of water samples in THz band.
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Keywords:
- terahertz waves /
- terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system /
- density functional theory /
- α-lactose
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图 1 GaAs光电导天线在线性模式和高倍增模式辐射THz波的时域波形
Figure 1. THz time domain waveforms radiated by GaAs photoconductive antenna in linear mode and high multiplication mode.
图 2 (a) 带有喇叭形渐变平行平板波导的THz-TDS系统; (b) 喇叭形渐变平行平板波导结构示意图
Figure 2. (a) Schematic of homemade THz-TDS system with a horn shaped tapered parallel plate waveguide; (b) structural diagram of horn shaped tapered parallel plate wave.
图 3 α-乳糖水溶液的THz吸收光谱
Figure 3. THz absorption spectrum for α-lactose aqueous solutions, which was measured by the homemade THz-TDS system with parallel planar waveguide.
图 4 α-乳糖一水合物分子结构
Figure 4. Molecular of α-lactose monohydrate.
图 5 乳糖的振动模式 (a) 0.58 THz; (b) 1.01 THz (c) 1.19 THz; (d) 1.47 THz
Figure 5. Vibrational modes of α-lactose monohydrate at different frequencies: (a) 0.58 THz; (b) 1.01 THz; (c) 1.19 THz; (d) 1.47 THz
图 6 α-乳糖一水合物水溶液计算光谱图
Figure 6. Theoretical spectrum for α-lactose monohydrate.
表 1 乳糖一水合物振动频率的PED分析
Table 1. Assignments of vibration frequencies for lactose monohydrate by PED.
物质 频率/THz 振动模式 α-乳糖一
水合物0.58 C2-O18-C7&C3-C5-C7-C9 (35.5%) 1.01 C2-O18-C7&C1-C3-C5-C7 (34.5%) 1.19 C2-O18-C7&C1-C3-C5-C7 (44.6%) 1.47 C2-O18-C7&C1-C3-C5-C7 (35.7%) 
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[1] Ferguson B, Zhang X C 2002 Nat. Mater. 1 26
Google Scholar
[2] Menikh A, Michkan P S, Liu H B, MacColl R, Zhang X C 2016 Biosens. Bioelectron. 20 658
Google Scholar
[3] Penkov N V, Yashin V A, Belosludtsev K N 2021 Appl. Spectrosc. 75 189
Google Scholar
[4] Cherkasova O, Nazarov M, Shkurinov A 2016 Opt. Quantum Electron. 48 217
Google Scholar
[5] Pickwell E, Wallace V P 2006 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 39 R301
Google Scholar
[6] Strachan C J, Rades T, Newnham D A, Gordon K C, Pepper M, Taday P F 2004 Chem. Phys. Lett. 390 20
Google Scholar
[7] Brown E R, Bjarnason J E, Fedor A M, Korter T M 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 90 061908
Google Scholar
[8] Mclntosh A I, Yang B, Goldup S M, Watkinson M, Donnan R S 2013 Chem. Phys. Lett. 558 104
Google Scholar
[9] 黄瑞瑞, 赵国忠, 刘影, 寇宽, 顾畅 2015 光学学报 35 s230001
Google Scholar
Huang R R, Zhao G Z, Liu Y, Kou K, Gu C 2015 Acta Opt. Sin. 35 s230001
Google Scholar
[10] 鹿文亮, 娄淑琴, 王鑫, 申艳, 盛新志 2015 物理学报 64 114206
Google Scholar
Lu W L, Lou S Q, Wang X, Shen Y, Sheng X Z 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 114206
Google Scholar
[11] 陈涛, 蔡治华, 胡放荣, 殷贤华, 许川佩 2019 光谱学与光谱分析 39 686
Google Scholar
Chen T, Cai Z H, Hu F R, Yin X H, Xu C P 2019 Spectrosc. Spect. Anal. 39 686
Google Scholar
[12] Wang Y M, Zhao Z S, Qin J Y, Liu H, Liu A F, Xu M M 2020 Talanta 208 120469
Google Scholar
[13] Yang Y H, Shutler A, Grischkowsky D 2011 Opt. Express 19 8830
Google Scholar
[14] Grognot M, Gallot G 2015 Appl. Phys. Lett. 107 103702
Google Scholar
[15] Shih K L, Pitchappa P, Jin L, Chen C H, Singh R, Lee C 2018 Appl. Phys. Lett. 113 071105
Google Scholar
[16] Keshavarz A, Vafapour Z 2019 IEEE Sens. J. 19 5161
Google Scholar
[17] Kindt J T, Schmuttenmaer C A 1996 J. Phys. Chem. 100 10373
Google Scholar
[18] Yamauchi S, Hatakeyama S, Imai Y, Tonouchi M 2014 Opt. Eng. 53 031203
Google Scholar
[19] The Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre https://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/structures/ [2021-11-8]
[20] Vallet V, Macak P, Wahlgren U, Grenthe I 2006 Theor. Chem. Acc. 115 145
Google Scholar
[21] 郑圆圆, 任桂明, 陈锐, 王兴明, 谌晓洪, 王玲, 袁丽, 黄晓凤 2014 物理学报 63 213101
Google Scholar
Zheng Y Y, Ren G M, Chen R, Wang X M, Chen X H, Wang L, Yuan L, Huang X F 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 213101
Google Scholar
[22] Takahashi M 2014 Crystals 4 74
Google Scholar
[23] Grimme S 2004 Comput. Chem. 25 1463
Google Scholar
[24] Yu B, Zeng F, Yang Y, Xing Q, Chechin A, Xin X, Zeylikovich I, Alfano R R 2004 Biophys. J. 86 1649
Google Scholar
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