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Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) is the major barrier in the process of energy scaling for pulsed single-frequency fiber master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA). Due to gain saturation effect, the laser pulse profile will be gradually distorted with the increase of pump power, which induces steep leading edge and narrower width for the amplified pulses. The resulting laser peak power would increase rapidly and thus the SBS threshold is reached earlier to limit the amplification of pulse energy. A method to obtain high-energy pulsed single-frequency laser by pulse pre-shaping is demonstrated in this work. By designing the leading edge of the triangular pulse, optimizing its rising trend and the duration of the low-intensity rising part, the pulse width compression phenomenon caused by gain saturation is alleviated effectively. Thereafter, the laser peak power increase process can be retarded to reach the SBS threshold so that higher energy can be amplified for the pulsed single-frequency fiber laser. In the experiment, when the seed pulse is optimized to be a triangular pulse with a low-intensity rising edge of 401 ns and a pulse width of 520 ns, a linear-polarized pulse single-frequency fiber laser of 130.9 μJ is obtained in a 12-μm-core Er/Yb co-doped polarization-maintaining fiber. The pulse width is broadened to 608 ns at the maximum energy. When it is compared with the triangular pulse seed with a rapidly rising leading edge, its maximum energy is increased by about 25%. The optical signal-to-noise ratio and polarization extinction ratio are measured to be 42 dB and 16 dB at the maximum pulse energy, respectively. The corresponding spectral linewidth measured by a delayed self-heterodyne system is 542 kHz. Higher pulse energy can be anticipated by further optimizing the pulse profile and using large-mode-are gain fibers. -
Keywords:
- high energy pulsed laser /
- single-frequency fiber laser /
- pulse pre-shaping /
- stimulated Brillouin scattering
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图 1 (a)—(c)不同上升趋势三角形种子脉冲(脉宽分别为732, 445, 215 ns)放大后波形特性仿真分析
Figure 1. (a)–(c) Simulation analysis of the pulse shape characteristics of the three typical triangle seed pulses with different rising edge (pulse width are 732 , 445, 215 ns) during the amplification.
图 2 1550 nm线偏振脉冲单频光纤激光MOPA光路示意图
Figure 2. Schematic of the 1550 nm linear-polarized pulsed single-frequency fiber MOPA.
图 3 经AOM调制产生的三种脉冲种子波形
Figure 3. Three pulse profiles for seed laser generated by AOM
图 4 (a)—(c)实验设计的三种种子脉冲波形及脉冲放大至最高能量时的波形对比; (d)—(f)主放大级脉冲激光放大过程中脉冲宽度与泵浦功率的关系
Figure 4. (a)–(c) Comparison of the designed three typical seed pulses and the pulses amplified to the maximum energy; (d)–(f) the pulse width as a function of pump power in main amplifier stage.
图 5 三种波形脉冲的 (a)脉冲能量和(b)峰值功率与主放大级泵浦功率的关系
Figure 5. (a) Pulse energy and (b) peak power of the three pulses as a function of pump power in main amplifier stage.
图 6 三种波形脉冲放大过程中激光线宽与主放大级泵浦功率的关系
Figure 6. Spectral linewidth evolution of the three pulses as a function of pump power in main amplifier.
图 7 脉冲2放大至最高能量130.9 μJ时的 (a)光谱和(b)偏振消光比
Figure 7. (a) Spectrum and (b) PER of pulse 2 at the maximum pulse energy of 130.9 μJ.
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