A new integral equation for current distribution of a cylindrical antenna is de-rived. This is a one-dimensional Predholm equation of the second kind, and is different from the conventional Hallen equation in antenna theory. Emphasis is laid on the analysis of the current and magnetic field for an infinitely long antenna. It is found that our equation is more suitable for describing an actual antenna than the Hallen equation. Preliminary numerical computations for a finite antenna have been carried out. The results show that numerical computation using our equation is practical.