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Seam tracking is a significant precondition to obtain good welding quality. During the laser welding, the laser beam focus must be controlled to follow the welding seam accurately. A novel approach to detecting the offset between the laser beam focus and the welding seam based on infrared image processing is investigated during high-power fiber laser butt-joint welding of type 304 austenitic stainless steel plates at a continuous wave fiber laser power of 10 kW. The joint gap width is less than 0.1 mm. An infrared sensitive high speed camera arranged in off-axis direction of laser beam is used to capture the dynamic thermal images of a molten pool. The characteristics of thermal distribution and infrared radiation of the molten pool, when the laser beam focus is deviated from the welding seam center, are analyzed. Two parameters called the keyhole morphological parameter and the heat accumulation effect parameter are defined as the characteristic values of seam tracking offset to determine the offset between the laser beam focus and the desired welding seam. Also, the image processing technique is used to analyze the infrared images of the molten pool, which indicates the presence of mathematic correlation between the defined two parameters and the seam tracking offset. The welding experiments confirm that the offset between the laser beam focus and the welding seam can be estimated by the keyhole morphological parameter and the heat accumulation effect parameter effectively.
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Keywords:
- high-power fiber laser welding /
- seam tracking offset /
- infrared thermal image /
- detection
[1] Kawahito Y, Mizutani M, Katayama S 2007 J. Phys. D 40 5854
[2] [3] Noruk J, Boillot J P 2006 Can. Welding Assoc. J. 8(Summer) 8
[4] [5] Cao B, Xiang Y P, L X Q, Zeng M, Huang S S 2008 Chin. Phys. B 17 865
[6] Gong X F, Liu X Z, Ma Y, Ma Q Y, Qiu Y Y, Zhang D 2007 Chin. Phys. B 16 2745
[7] [8] [9] Mackwood A P, Crafer R C 2005 Opt. Laser Technol. 37 99
[10] [11] Gao X D, You D Y, Katayama S, Kawahito Y 2009 Proceedings of the 5th International Congress on Laser Advanced Materials Processing (Cobe: Japan Laser Processing Socity) p289
[12] [13] Tan H P, Xia X L, Liu L H, Ruan L M 2006 Numeric Calculation of Infrared Radiate Characteristic and Transfer Heat Radiation Computing (Harbin: Harbin Industry University Press) p12 (in Chinese)[谈和平、夏新林、刘林华、阮立明2006 红外辐射特性与传输的数值计算计算热辐射学 (哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社) 第12页]
[14] Bo Y, Wang D W, Ying C T 2003 Acta Phys. Sin. 52 2196 (in Chinese)[薄 勇、王德武、应纯同 2003 物理学报 52 2196]
[15] [16] [17] Gonzales R C, Woods R E, Eddins S L 2004 Digital Image Using MATLAB (Beijing: Publishing House of Electronics Industry) p405
[18] Huang R S, Liu L M, Song G 2007 Mater. Sci. Eng. A 447 239
[19] [20] [21] Liu L, Ye Y T, Wu Y F, Fang L, Lu J J 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 3172 (in Chinese)[刘 霖、叶玉堂、吴云峰、方 亮、陆佳佳 2007 物理学报 56 3172]
[22] Xiang Z J, Li J L 2003 Opt. Laser Technol. 35 5
[23] -
[1] Kawahito Y, Mizutani M, Katayama S 2007 J. Phys. D 40 5854
[2] [3] Noruk J, Boillot J P 2006 Can. Welding Assoc. J. 8(Summer) 8
[4] [5] Cao B, Xiang Y P, L X Q, Zeng M, Huang S S 2008 Chin. Phys. B 17 865
[6] Gong X F, Liu X Z, Ma Y, Ma Q Y, Qiu Y Y, Zhang D 2007 Chin. Phys. B 16 2745
[7] [8] [9] Mackwood A P, Crafer R C 2005 Opt. Laser Technol. 37 99
[10] [11] Gao X D, You D Y, Katayama S, Kawahito Y 2009 Proceedings of the 5th International Congress on Laser Advanced Materials Processing (Cobe: Japan Laser Processing Socity) p289
[12] [13] Tan H P, Xia X L, Liu L H, Ruan L M 2006 Numeric Calculation of Infrared Radiate Characteristic and Transfer Heat Radiation Computing (Harbin: Harbin Industry University Press) p12 (in Chinese)[谈和平、夏新林、刘林华、阮立明2006 红外辐射特性与传输的数值计算计算热辐射学 (哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社) 第12页]
[14] Bo Y, Wang D W, Ying C T 2003 Acta Phys. Sin. 52 2196 (in Chinese)[薄 勇、王德武、应纯同 2003 物理学报 52 2196]
[15] [16] [17] Gonzales R C, Woods R E, Eddins S L 2004 Digital Image Using MATLAB (Beijing: Publishing House of Electronics Industry) p405
[18] Huang R S, Liu L M, Song G 2007 Mater. Sci. Eng. A 447 239
[19] [20] [21] Liu L, Ye Y T, Wu Y F, Fang L, Lu J J 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 3172 (in Chinese)[刘 霖、叶玉堂、吴云峰、方 亮、陆佳佳 2007 物理学报 56 3172]
[22] Xiang Z J, Li J L 2003 Opt. Laser Technol. 35 5
[23]
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