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中国物理学会期刊

量子计算纠错取得突破性进展

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.72.20230330

Breakthrough of error correction in quantum computing

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.72.20230330
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  • 谷歌团队利用超导量子芯片, 实现了两种规模的量子纠错表面码, 利用辅助比特进行多次测量和初始化操作进行纠错, 表明使用更多量子比特表面码的逻辑比特, 其性能表现更好, 达到了量子纠错规模化的盈亏平衡点, 本文简要回顾量子纠错的机制, 讨论谷歌量子纠错结果的意义, 以及系列量子纠错进展, 最后将展望量子计算的发展方向.

     

    By using a superconducting processor, Google Quantum AI group demonstrated that a logic qubit realized by surface code of quantum error correction performs better when the number of physical qubits increases. Two surface codes to encode logic qubits for scaling are realized experimentally, with multiple cycles of quantum error correcting assisted by ancillary qubits. This result can be considered as an important step toward fault-tolerant quantum computers. In this review paper, we introduce briefly the mechanism of quantum error correction. As an example, Shor’s nine-qubit error correction code is explained. Then, the new experiments of Google quantum AI group are introduced to show their significance in scaling. The advances in other quantum error correction experiments are also reviewed. Finally, the development of quantum computers is discussed.

     

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