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中国物理学会期刊

基于亚波长管道增强的漩涡声场悬浮操控微粒和液滴的实验研究

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.72.20230383

Experimental study on levitation control of particles and liquid droplets by vortex acoustic field enhanced by subwavelength pipe

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.72.20230383
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  • 声悬浮技术可以在无接触的情况下操控微粒和液滴, 因此已被广泛应用于化学分析、液滴动力学和生物反应器等领域. 目前声悬浮技术的主要工作是在开放环境中进行悬浮等操控. 本文提出了亚波长管道增强型空气声镊的概念, 利用亚波长声波导管进行声场操控及微粒和液滴悬浮. 通过4个小型换能器激发有限长度亚波长圆波导管的单一低阶声学模态, 可以在有限长度的波导管内产生漩涡声场. 实验发现由于亚波长结构对声场的增强作用, 亚波长管道增强的漩涡声场在径向和轴向悬浮力大小上均有较大提升, 因此可对发泡聚苯乙烯颗粒和水滴实施悬浮和自转等操控. 这项工作将亚波长声波导管的概念引入声场操控中, 有望加深对声场和物质相互作用的物理理解, 开发新型小型化悬浮微粒和液滴的声学操纵器件.

     

    The nonlinear propagation of acoustic waves in a medium generates acoustic radiation force. Using acoustic radiation force, particles and liquid droplets in gases can be levitated and manipulated. Acoustic levitation techniques can manipulate larger objects in the medium without contact, and therefore have been widely used in chemical analysis, droplet dynamics, and bioreactors. The acoustic levitation researches mainly focus on manipulating particles and droplets in an open environment, which provides flexibility in its use. However, this approach has limitations in terms of its efficiency in utilizing acoustic field energy. In this work we propose a concept of subwavelength pipe-enhanced acoustic tweezers, in which the acoustic field is used to manipulate expanded polystyrene particles (EPS) and droplets inside an acoustic pipe with an inner diameter smaller than the wavelength. In this work, we use four small transducers to excite a single low-order mode of a circular waveguide and its simplex state, and we also use the vortex sound field generated inside the waveguide to levitate and manipulate expanded polystyrene particle and droplet in the air. Compared with previous work in an open environment, we significantly enhance the acoustic radiation force by means of the acoustic resonance effect of the subwavelength duct, with both radial and axial suspension force magnitude increasing considerably. Similar concepts of subwavelength optical waveguides and resonant cavities and their effectiveness were already well known and widely used in the field of optics. In this work we first explain theoretically the basis for the design of subwavelength pipe-enhanced acoustic tweezer dimensions. Then, we point out in simulation that the pipe-enhanced acoustic tweezers, compared with the open environment acoustic tweezers, have strong sound field gradient distribution and acoustic radiation force distribution in the pipe. This conclusion is demonstrated experimentally. Finally, the manipulation of droplet and particle levitation and rotation in subwavelength-pipe-enhanced acoustic tweezers is systematically carried out. In this work we introduce the concept of subwavelength acoustic pipe for acoustic manipulation, which is expected to deepen the physical understanding of the interaction between acoustic fields and matter, and to develop new miniaturized acoustic manipulation devices for levitating particles and droplets.

     

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