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In this paper, the whitecap coverage is retrieved from the ERS-1 data and the KHCC03 scattering model which takes into account the effect of wave breaking, and a new whitecap coverage formula is obtained based on the retrieval results. The results calculated from this new formula of whitecap coverage have better agreement with the measured whitecap coverage than those obtained by some famous previous formula in the range of wind speed at 10 m height from 7 m/s to 16 m/s. This shows that it is feasible to retrieve whitecap coverage from scatterometer data and the scattering model including the effect of wave breaking. Moreover, this approach is different from those methods usually used in passive remote sensing.
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Keywords:
- whitecap coverage /
- KHCC03 scattering model /
- wave breaking
[1] ［1］Stogryn A1972 J. Geophys. Res. 77 1658
[2] ［2］Pandey P C, Kakar R 1982 IEEE J. Ocean Eng. OE-7 135
[3] ［3］Koepke P 1986 Remote Sensing Signatures of Whitecaps, Ocean Whitecaps and Their Role in Air Sea Exchange Processes edited by E. C. Monahan and G. MacNiocaill(Norwell, MA:Reidel) 251
[4] ［4］Smith P M 1988 IEEE Trans. Geosci. and Remote sens. 26 541
[5] ［5］Huang X Z, Jin Y Q 1995 IEE Proc.-Microwave Antennas and Propagation 142 109
[6] ［6］Droppleman J D 1970 J. Geophys. Res. 75 696
[7] ［7］Rosenkranz P W, Staelin D H 1972 J. Geophys. Res. 77 6528
[8] ［8］Guo J 2001 IEEE Trans. Geosci and Remote Sens. 39 1019
[9] ［9］Wei E B, Ge Y 2005 Chin. Phys. 14 1259
[10] ］Williams G F 1969 J. Geophys. Res. 74 4591
[11] ］Anguelova M D, Webster F 2006 J. Geophys. Res. 111 c03017
[12] ］Plant, W J 1990 Remote Sensing Kluwer Acad Norwell Mass 2 P 41-108
[13] ］Janssen P A E M, Wallbrink H, Calkoen C J, van Halsema D, Oost W A, Snoeij P 1998 J. Geophys. Res. 103 7807
[14] ］Quilfen Y, Chapron B, Bentamy A, Gourrion J, ElFouhaily T, Vandemark D 1999 J. Geophys. Res. 104 11459
[15] ］Schmidt A, Wismann V, Romeiser R, Alpers W 1995 J. Geophys. Res. 100 8815
[16] ］Thompson D, Elfouhaily T, Chapron B, 1998 IEEE, Piscataway, N.J Proceedings of IGARSS98 ［CD-ROM］
[17] ］Horstmann J, Koch W, Lehner S, Tonboe R 2000 IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 38 2122
[18] ］Jin Y Q, Huang X Z, Yin J Y 1993 Acta Oceanologica Sinica 12563
[19] ］Jin Y Q, Ye H X 2008 Acta Phys.Sin. 57 839 (in Chinese)［金亚秋、叶红霞 2008 物理学报 57 839］
[20] ］Tian J W, Cao H J, Tan Z C, Liu Z L, Wei E B, Xu J S 2001 Science in Chian D 31 342 (in Chinese)［田纪伟、曹红杰、覃正才、刘志亮、魏恩泊、许金山 2001 中国科学D 31 342］
[21] ］Liu Y, Wei E B, Hong J L, Ge Y 2006 Chin. Phys. 15 2175
[22] ］Kudryavtsev V, Hauser D, Caudal G, Chapron B 2003 J. Geophys. Res. 108 C3 8054
[23] ］Plant W J 1986 J. Geophys. Res. 91 10735
[24] ］Elfouhaily T, Chapron B, Katsaros K, Vandermark D 1997 J. Geophys. Res. 102 15781
[25] ］Ross D B, Cardone V J 1974 J. Gophys. Res. 79 444
[26] ］Monahan E C, O’Muircheartaigh I 1980 J. Phys. Oceanogr. 10 2094
[27] ］Wu J 1988 J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. 5 885
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[1] ［1］Stogryn A1972 J. Geophys. Res. 77 1658
[2] ［2］Pandey P C, Kakar R 1982 IEEE J. Ocean Eng. OE-7 135
[3] ［3］Koepke P 1986 Remote Sensing Signatures of Whitecaps, Ocean Whitecaps and Their Role in Air Sea Exchange Processes edited by E. C. Monahan and G. MacNiocaill(Norwell, MA:Reidel) 251
[4] ［4］Smith P M 1988 IEEE Trans. Geosci. and Remote sens. 26 541
[5] ［5］Huang X Z, Jin Y Q 1995 IEE Proc.-Microwave Antennas and Propagation 142 109
[6] ［6］Droppleman J D 1970 J. Geophys. Res. 75 696
[7] ［7］Rosenkranz P W, Staelin D H 1972 J. Geophys. Res. 77 6528
[8] ［8］Guo J 2001 IEEE Trans. Geosci and Remote Sens. 39 1019
[9] ［9］Wei E B, Ge Y 2005 Chin. Phys. 14 1259
[10] ］Williams G F 1969 J. Geophys. Res. 74 4591
[11] ］Anguelova M D, Webster F 2006 J. Geophys. Res. 111 c03017
[12] ］Plant, W J 1990 Remote Sensing Kluwer Acad Norwell Mass 2 P 41-108
[13] ］Janssen P A E M, Wallbrink H, Calkoen C J, van Halsema D, Oost W A, Snoeij P 1998 J. Geophys. Res. 103 7807
[14] ］Quilfen Y, Chapron B, Bentamy A, Gourrion J, ElFouhaily T, Vandemark D 1999 J. Geophys. Res. 104 11459
[15] ］Schmidt A, Wismann V, Romeiser R, Alpers W 1995 J. Geophys. Res. 100 8815
[16] ］Thompson D, Elfouhaily T, Chapron B, 1998 IEEE, Piscataway, N.J Proceedings of IGARSS98 ［CD-ROM］
[17] ］Horstmann J, Koch W, Lehner S, Tonboe R 2000 IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 38 2122
[18] ］Jin Y Q, Huang X Z, Yin J Y 1993 Acta Oceanologica Sinica 12563
[19] ］Jin Y Q, Ye H X 2008 Acta Phys.Sin. 57 839 (in Chinese)［金亚秋、叶红霞 2008 物理学报 57 839］
[20] ］Tian J W, Cao H J, Tan Z C, Liu Z L, Wei E B, Xu J S 2001 Science in Chian D 31 342 (in Chinese)［田纪伟、曹红杰、覃正才、刘志亮、魏恩泊、许金山 2001 中国科学D 31 342］
[21] ］Liu Y, Wei E B, Hong J L, Ge Y 2006 Chin. Phys. 15 2175
[22] ］Kudryavtsev V, Hauser D, Caudal G, Chapron B 2003 J. Geophys. Res. 108 C3 8054
[23] ］Plant W J 1986 J. Geophys. Res. 91 10735
[24] ］Elfouhaily T, Chapron B, Katsaros K, Vandermark D 1997 J. Geophys. Res. 102 15781
[25] ］Ross D B, Cardone V J 1974 J. Gophys. Res. 79 444
[26] ］Monahan E C, O’Muircheartaigh I 1980 J. Phys. Oceanogr. 10 2094
[27] ］Wu J 1988 J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. 5 885
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