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Considering the stochastic factors and using Monte Carlo method, we have studied the dynamics of two-dimensional (2D) collimated thermal atomic beam of strontium theoretically. Taking into account transverse divergence, initial position of each atom, longitudinal velocity distribution, and isotopes, we show the theoretical transverse distribution and the results of the Monte Carlo method as functions of detuning and power of laser, respectively. The theoretical results agree excellently with the experimental data, showing that the Monte Carlo method has precisely described the dynamics of 2D collimated thermal atomic beam of strontium. The method can provide an analytical tool for precisely controlling the 2D collimated thermal atomic beam and optimizing the atomic clock system.
[1] Hoogerland M D, Driessen J P J, Vredenbregt E J D, Megens H J L, Schuwer M P, Beijerinck H C W, van Leeuwen K A H 1996 Appl. Phys. B 62 323
[2] Balykin V I, Sidorov A I 1987 Appl. Phys. B 42 51
[3] Balykin V I, Letokhov V S, Minogin V G, Zueva T V 1984 Appl. Phys. B 35 149
[4] Metcalf H J, Straten P 1999 Laser Cooling and Trapping (New York: Springer-Verlag), p88
[5] Scholten R E, Gupta R, McClelland J J, Celotta R J, Levenson M S, Vangel M G 1997 Phys. Rev. A 55 1331
[6] Rehse S J, Bockel K M, Lee S A 2004 Phys. Rev. A 69 063404
[7] Balykin V I, Letokhov V S, Sidorov A I 1984 JETP Lett. 40 1026
[8] Zhang B W, Zhang W T, Ma Y, Li T B 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 5485 (in Chinese) [张宝武, 张文涛, 马艳, 李同保 2008 物理学报 57 5485]
[9] Cheng C F, Yang G M, Jiang W, Pan H, Sun Y, Liu A W, Cheng G S, Hu S M 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 103701 (in Chinese) [程存峰, 杨国民, 蒋蔚, 潘虎, 孙羽, 刘安雯, 成国胜, 胡水明 2011 物理学报 60 103701]
[10] Bosch R C M 2002 Ph. D. Dissertation (Eindhoven: Technische Universiteit Eindhoven)
[11] Zhang B W, Zhang P P, Ma Y, Li T B 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 113701 (in Chinese) [张宝武, 张萍萍, 马艳, 李同保 2011 物理学报 60 113701]
[12] Kalos M H, Whitlock P A 2004 Monte Carlo Methods (Berlin: Springer-Verlag) pp1-5
[13] Gentle J E 2003 Random Number Generation and Monte Carlo Methods (second edition) (New York: Springer-Verlag) pp230-235
[14] Tian X, Wang X L, Chang H, Zhang S G 2010 Acta Opt. Sin. 30 898 (in Chinese) [田晓, 王心亮, 常宏, 张首刚 2010 光学学报 30 898]
[15] Wang Y Q, Wang Q J, Fu J S, Dong T Q 1986 Principle of Quantum Frequency Standard (Beijing: Science Press) pp282-289 (in Chinese) [王义遒, 王庆吉, 傅济时, 董太乾 1986 量子频标原理 (北京: 科学出版社) 第282–289页]
[16] Schioppo M 2010 Ph. D. Dissertation (Florence: University of Florence)
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[1] Hoogerland M D, Driessen J P J, Vredenbregt E J D, Megens H J L, Schuwer M P, Beijerinck H C W, van Leeuwen K A H 1996 Appl. Phys. B 62 323
[2] Balykin V I, Sidorov A I 1987 Appl. Phys. B 42 51
[3] Balykin V I, Letokhov V S, Minogin V G, Zueva T V 1984 Appl. Phys. B 35 149
[4] Metcalf H J, Straten P 1999 Laser Cooling and Trapping (New York: Springer-Verlag), p88
[5] Scholten R E, Gupta R, McClelland J J, Celotta R J, Levenson M S, Vangel M G 1997 Phys. Rev. A 55 1331
[6] Rehse S J, Bockel K M, Lee S A 2004 Phys. Rev. A 69 063404
[7] Balykin V I, Letokhov V S, Sidorov A I 1984 JETP Lett. 40 1026
[8] Zhang B W, Zhang W T, Ma Y, Li T B 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 5485 (in Chinese) [张宝武, 张文涛, 马艳, 李同保 2008 物理学报 57 5485]
[9] Cheng C F, Yang G M, Jiang W, Pan H, Sun Y, Liu A W, Cheng G S, Hu S M 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 103701 (in Chinese) [程存峰, 杨国民, 蒋蔚, 潘虎, 孙羽, 刘安雯, 成国胜, 胡水明 2011 物理学报 60 103701]
[10] Bosch R C M 2002 Ph. D. Dissertation (Eindhoven: Technische Universiteit Eindhoven)
[11] Zhang B W, Zhang P P, Ma Y, Li T B 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 113701 (in Chinese) [张宝武, 张萍萍, 马艳, 李同保 2011 物理学报 60 113701]
[12] Kalos M H, Whitlock P A 2004 Monte Carlo Methods (Berlin: Springer-Verlag) pp1-5
[13] Gentle J E 2003 Random Number Generation and Monte Carlo Methods (second edition) (New York: Springer-Verlag) pp230-235
[14] Tian X, Wang X L, Chang H, Zhang S G 2010 Acta Opt. Sin. 30 898 (in Chinese) [田晓, 王心亮, 常宏, 张首刚 2010 光学学报 30 898]
[15] Wang Y Q, Wang Q J, Fu J S, Dong T Q 1986 Principle of Quantum Frequency Standard (Beijing: Science Press) pp282-289 (in Chinese) [王义遒, 王庆吉, 傅济时, 董太乾 1986 量子频标原理 (北京: 科学出版社) 第282–289页]
[16] Schioppo M 2010 Ph. D. Dissertation (Florence: University of Florence)
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