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The dynamical process of photoexcitation and photoionization of alkali atoms is studied with three-step laser pulses, focusing on the similarities and differences between Li and Cs atoms on their properties by making a comparison of them. Based on several excitation schemes, the present work not only establishes the rate equations of atom population for all related transition states, but also obtains the analytical solutions of photoexcitation and photoionization process. The mathematical solutions are simplified significantly by restricting the most general case to the several special cases, either designed or selected carefully, in order to highlight the main factors and obtain the physical insight underlying the complicated mathematical expressions. With self-programming, the possible impact of time configuration of laser pulses on the three-step laser excitation process of the photoexcitation and photoionization is calculated and studied systematically. Variation of the ionization efficiency with the laser parameters is investigated and discussed. With the same time configuration of laser pulses, the dependences of atom population for all the related transition states on the two different excitation paths are compared and analyzed, reflecting the impact of changing the atomic parameters. Under the similar excitation conditions, the differences of ionization efficiency between Li and Cs atoms are explored. Finally, based on the present study, several means for optimizing ionization efficiency are proposed.
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Keywords:
- alkali atoms /
- photoexcitation /
- photoionization /
- ionization efficiency
[1] Santori C, Tamarat P, Neumann P 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 247401
[2] Rousse A, Phuoc K T, Shah R, Pukhov A, Lefebvre E, Malka V, Hulin D 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 135005
[3] Jochim S, Bartenstein M, Hendl G, Denschlag J H, Grimm R, Mosk A, Weidemller M 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 273202
[4] Saleh M F, Chang W, Hölzer P 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 203902
[5] Klnder K, Dahlström J M, Gisselbrecht M, Fordell T, Swoboda M, Guénot D, Johnsson P, Caillat J, Mauritsson J, Maquet A, Taïeb R, L'Huillier A 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 143002
[6] Posthumus J H 2004 Rep. Prog. Phys. 67 623
[7] Ding D S, Zhou Z Y, Shi B S 2013 Chin. Phys. B 22 114203
[8] Sinitskiy A V, Greenman L, Mazziotti D A 2010 J. Chem. Phys. 133 014104
[9] Kheifets A S, Ipatov A, Arifin M, Bray I 2000 Phys. Rev. A 62 052724
[10] Gillespie D T 2001 J. Chem. Phys. 115 1716
[11] Mas D L, Valls E, Sedano L A, Batet L, Ricapito I, Aiello A, Gastaldi O, Gabriel F 2008 J. Nucl. Mater. 376 353
[12] Challa S R, Sholl D S, Johnson J K 2001 Phys. Rev. B 63 245419
[13] Santra S, Yang H, Holloway P H, Stanley J T, Mericle R A 2005 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127 1656
[14] Zhao L B, Fabrikant I I, Delos J B, Lepine F, Cohen S, Bordas C 2012 Phys. Rev. A 85 053421
[15] Sang C C, Wan J J, Dong C Z, Ding X B, Jiang J 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 2152 (in Chinese) [桑萃萃, 万建杰, 董晨钟, 丁晓彬, 蒋军 2008 物理学报 57 2152]
[16] Zhang L, Shang R C, Xu S D 1992 Acta Phys. Sin. 41 379 (in Chinese) [张力, 尚仁成, 徐四大 1992 物理学报 41 379]
[17] Wang C L, Sun R P, Chen Y J, Gong C, Lai X Y, Kang H P, Quan W, Liu X J 2014 Chin. Phys. Lett. 31 063202
[18] Haan S L, Wheeler P S, Panfili R, Eberly J H 2002 Phys. Rev. A 66 061402
[19] Zeng S L, Zou S Y, Wang J G, Yan J 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 8180 (in Chinese) [曾思良, 邹士阳, 王建国, 颜君 2009 物理学报 58 8180]
[20] Wang Z D, Wang L, Fan X J, Tan X 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 064211
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[1] Santori C, Tamarat P, Neumann P 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 247401
[2] Rousse A, Phuoc K T, Shah R, Pukhov A, Lefebvre E, Malka V, Hulin D 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 135005
[3] Jochim S, Bartenstein M, Hendl G, Denschlag J H, Grimm R, Mosk A, Weidemller M 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 273202
[4] Saleh M F, Chang W, Hölzer P 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 203902
[5] Klnder K, Dahlström J M, Gisselbrecht M, Fordell T, Swoboda M, Guénot D, Johnsson P, Caillat J, Mauritsson J, Maquet A, Taïeb R, L'Huillier A 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 143002
[6] Posthumus J H 2004 Rep. Prog. Phys. 67 623
[7] Ding D S, Zhou Z Y, Shi B S 2013 Chin. Phys. B 22 114203
[8] Sinitskiy A V, Greenman L, Mazziotti D A 2010 J. Chem. Phys. 133 014104
[9] Kheifets A S, Ipatov A, Arifin M, Bray I 2000 Phys. Rev. A 62 052724
[10] Gillespie D T 2001 J. Chem. Phys. 115 1716
[11] Mas D L, Valls E, Sedano L A, Batet L, Ricapito I, Aiello A, Gastaldi O, Gabriel F 2008 J. Nucl. Mater. 376 353
[12] Challa S R, Sholl D S, Johnson J K 2001 Phys. Rev. B 63 245419
[13] Santra S, Yang H, Holloway P H, Stanley J T, Mericle R A 2005 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127 1656
[14] Zhao L B, Fabrikant I I, Delos J B, Lepine F, Cohen S, Bordas C 2012 Phys. Rev. A 85 053421
[15] Sang C C, Wan J J, Dong C Z, Ding X B, Jiang J 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 2152 (in Chinese) [桑萃萃, 万建杰, 董晨钟, 丁晓彬, 蒋军 2008 物理学报 57 2152]
[16] Zhang L, Shang R C, Xu S D 1992 Acta Phys. Sin. 41 379 (in Chinese) [张力, 尚仁成, 徐四大 1992 物理学报 41 379]
[17] Wang C L, Sun R P, Chen Y J, Gong C, Lai X Y, Kang H P, Quan W, Liu X J 2014 Chin. Phys. Lett. 31 063202
[18] Haan S L, Wheeler P S, Panfili R, Eberly J H 2002 Phys. Rev. A 66 061402
[19] Zeng S L, Zou S Y, Wang J G, Yan J 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 8180 (in Chinese) [曾思良, 邹士阳, 王建国, 颜君 2009 物理学报 58 8180]
[20] Wang Z D, Wang L, Fan X J, Tan X 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 064211
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