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A real-time polarization imaging system employing the Wollaston prism and a single charge-coupled device(CCD) chip covering a wavelength range of 400 nm-650 nm is proposed to avoid the false polarization information from dynamic scenes in non-real-time polarization detection imaging method. An architecture consisting of telescope lens, collimation lens, Wollaston prism, the imaging lens and a single CCD chip is employed in the system. The telescope lens is used to focus the incoming light on an intermediate image. And after collimation, the beam is angularly separated by the Wollaston prism. Two beams corresponding to ordinary light and extraordinary light are subsequently focused on the CCD plane via the imaging lens. The telescope lens is designed to have a telecentric structure in the imaging space, and the invert of which is used as the collimation lens, the completely symmetrical structure design is used to reduce the influence of aberrations. More abundant details from this system can be obtained by using matched image post-processing strategy, which is beneficial to high-quality target detection with enhanced working distance and improved environment adaptability. After joint-designing and optimization, the system modulation transfer function (MTF) value at cut-off frequency is higher than 0.55, and the root-mean-square (RMS) radius of the system is less than 5.3 m, which is smaller than the pixel size of the CCD detector. Additionally, the lateral chromatic aberration of the system is much smaller than the diameter of airy disk, and the absolute values of all kinds of aberrations are kept smaller than 0.02 at the same time. The calculation results show that all the aberrations are mostly corrected. The system imaging is numerically modeled and analyzed, and it is demonstrated that two intensity images with perpendicular polarization states appear adjacently on the CCD plane simultaneously in the imaging simulation. One image is formed with the fraction of the backscattered light polarized parallelly to the incident light, and the other with light polarized orthogonally to the incidence, indicating that the expected design is accomplished. Compared with the traditional amplitude-split polarization imaging system, the proposed real-time polarization imaging system shows that the improved performance for real-time detection with promoted power efficiency, spatial resolution, and the light crosstalk in focal plane is well handled. Moreover, the joint design of the whole system can compensate for the distortion aberration in the vertical direction of the CCD detector, which means that a further improvement of image quality can be expected. The proposed system has a promising perspective in the fields of underwater imaging detection, astronomical observation, remote sensing, biological tissues inspection, and environmental monitoring.
[1] Cao X, Roy G, Roy N, Bernier R 2009 Appl. Opt. 48 004130
[2] He H H, Zeng N, Liao R, Ma H 2015 Prog. Biochem. Biophys. 42 419 (in Chinese) [何宏辉, 曾楠, 廖然, 马辉 2015 生物化学与生物物理进展 42 419]
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[4] Zeng N, Jiang X, Gao Q, He Y H, Ma H 2009 Appl. Opt. 48 006734
[5] Langlois M, Dohlen K, Augereau J C, Mouillet D, Boccaletti A, Schmid H M 2010 Proc. of SPIE 7735 857049
[6] Han J F, Yang K C, Xia M, Sun L Y, Cheng Z, Liu H, Ye J W 2015 Appl. Opt. 54 003294
[7] Liu F, Shao X P, Xiang L B, Gao Y, Han P L, Wang L 2015 Chin. Phys. Lett 32 114203
[8] Liu F, Cao L, Shao X P, Han P L, Xiang L B 2015 Appl. Opt. 54 008116
[9] Mu T K, Zhang C M, Li Q W, Wei Y T, Chen Q Y, Ja C L 2007 Opt. Express 15 005827
[10] Matchko R M, Gerhart G R 2008 Opt. Eng. 47 016001
[11] Li C L, Sun X B, Wang H, Wei W, Shu C M 2014 Acta Opt. Sin. 34 0412004 (in Chinese) [李翠丽, 孙晓兵, 王涵, 韦玮, 舒存铭2014 光学学报34 0412004]
[12] Yuan Y L, Zheng X B, Wu H Y, Meng F G, Kang Q, Chen L G, Li J J, Zou P 2014 Acta Opt. Sin. 34 1223001 (in Chinese) [袁银麟, 郑小兵, 吴浩宇, 孟凡刚, 康晴, 陈立刚, 李健军, 邹鹏2014 光学学报34 1223001]
[13] He H C, Ji Y Q, Zhou J K 2013 Acta Opt. Sin. 33 0622005 (in Chinese) [贺虎成, 季轶群, 周建康2013 光学学报33 0622005]
[14] Lindlein N, Quabis S, Peschel U, Leuchs G 2007 Opt. Express 15 5827
[15] Zhao J S 2013 Infrared Technology 35 0743 (in Chinese) [赵劲松 2013 红外技术 35 0743]
[16] Weijers A L, Brug H V, Frankena H J 1998 Appl. Opt. 37 005150
[17] Bnire A, Alouini M, Goudail F, Dolfi D 2009 Appl. Opt. 48 005764
[18] Zhu H C, Nan Y J, Yun M J 2012Acta Opt. Sin. 32 0623002 (in Chinese) [朱化凤, 南玉杰, 云茂金 2012 光学学报 32 0623002]
[19] Sun J X, Pan G Q, Liu Y 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 094203 (in Chinese) [孙金霞, 潘国庆, 刘英 2013 物理学报 62 094203]
[20] Wu Z Y, Zhang Q C 2011 Acta Opt. Sin. 31 0412011 (in Chinese) [吴启云, 张启灿 2011 光学学报 31 0412011]
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[1] Cao X, Roy G, Roy N, Bernier R 2009 Appl. Opt. 48 004130
[2] He H H, Zeng N, Liao R, Ma H 2015 Prog. Biochem. Biophys. 42 419 (in Chinese) [何宏辉, 曾楠, 廖然, 马辉 2015 生物化学与生物物理进展 42 419]
[3] Makita S, Yasuno Y, Endo T, Itoh M, Yatagai T 2006 Appl. Opt. 45 001142
[4] Zeng N, Jiang X, Gao Q, He Y H, Ma H 2009 Appl. Opt. 48 006734
[5] Langlois M, Dohlen K, Augereau J C, Mouillet D, Boccaletti A, Schmid H M 2010 Proc. of SPIE 7735 857049
[6] Han J F, Yang K C, Xia M, Sun L Y, Cheng Z, Liu H, Ye J W 2015 Appl. Opt. 54 003294
[7] Liu F, Shao X P, Xiang L B, Gao Y, Han P L, Wang L 2015 Chin. Phys. Lett 32 114203
[8] Liu F, Cao L, Shao X P, Han P L, Xiang L B 2015 Appl. Opt. 54 008116
[9] Mu T K, Zhang C M, Li Q W, Wei Y T, Chen Q Y, Ja C L 2007 Opt. Express 15 005827
[10] Matchko R M, Gerhart G R 2008 Opt. Eng. 47 016001
[11] Li C L, Sun X B, Wang H, Wei W, Shu C M 2014 Acta Opt. Sin. 34 0412004 (in Chinese) [李翠丽, 孙晓兵, 王涵, 韦玮, 舒存铭2014 光学学报34 0412004]
[12] Yuan Y L, Zheng X B, Wu H Y, Meng F G, Kang Q, Chen L G, Li J J, Zou P 2014 Acta Opt. Sin. 34 1223001 (in Chinese) [袁银麟, 郑小兵, 吴浩宇, 孟凡刚, 康晴, 陈立刚, 李健军, 邹鹏2014 光学学报34 1223001]
[13] He H C, Ji Y Q, Zhou J K 2013 Acta Opt. Sin. 33 0622005 (in Chinese) [贺虎成, 季轶群, 周建康2013 光学学报33 0622005]
[14] Lindlein N, Quabis S, Peschel U, Leuchs G 2007 Opt. Express 15 5827
[15] Zhao J S 2013 Infrared Technology 35 0743 (in Chinese) [赵劲松 2013 红外技术 35 0743]
[16] Weijers A L, Brug H V, Frankena H J 1998 Appl. Opt. 37 005150
[17] Bnire A, Alouini M, Goudail F, Dolfi D 2009 Appl. Opt. 48 005764
[18] Zhu H C, Nan Y J, Yun M J 2012Acta Opt. Sin. 32 0623002 (in Chinese) [朱化凤, 南玉杰, 云茂金 2012 光学学报 32 0623002]
[19] Sun J X, Pan G Q, Liu Y 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 094203 (in Chinese) [孙金霞, 潘国庆, 刘英 2013 物理学报 62 094203]
[20] Wu Z Y, Zhang Q C 2011 Acta Opt. Sin. 31 0412011 (in Chinese) [吴启云, 张启灿 2011 光学学报 31 0412011]
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