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The field of squeezed state is an important quantum resource in the study of quantum optics. In the application of quantum information, the spectrum bandwidth of the squeezed light field is an important index to limit the information transmission capacity. Currently, the optical parametric oscillator (OPO) is one of the most efficient ways to generate high squeezed non-classical optical fields. In this paper, the degenerate singly-resonant and doubly-resonant OPO structures are introduced. Both OPOs are composed of concave mirrors and periodically poled potassium titanyl phosphate crystals (PPKTP). The length of PPKTP crystal is 10 mm. The curvature radius of the curved surface is 12 mm, and it has high reflectivity at 1550 nm and 775 nm. The plane surface is coated with anti-reflection coating. The air gap length is 21 mm. The concave mirror is an output coupling mirror, and its radius of curvature is 25 mm. In the singly-resonant OPO, only the signal light resonates in the cavity, and the pump light passes through the nonlinear crystal twice and then outputs out of the cavity. The reflectivity of OPO output coupling mirror to the wavelength of 1550 nm is 88%. The linewidth of the corresponding fundamental frequency wave is 77.4 MHz. For doubly-resonant OPO, both the signal light and the pump light resonate simultaneously in the cavity. The reflectivity of OPO output coupling mirror to 1550 nm and 775 nm is 85% and 97.5%, respectively. The linewidth of the corresponding fundamental frequency wave and harmonic is 97.1 MHz and 15.6 MHz, respectively. Then the threshold of OPO is calculated. The threshold pump power of OPO increases with signal light transmittance increasing, but the threshold value of doubly-resonant OPO is obviously smaller than that of singly-resonant OPO. After that, the variation of the squeezing bandwidth of the squeezed light field generated by OPO with the transmittance of the signal is analyzed. Finally, we complete the design of quantum squeezer with low threshold (18 mW), broadband (84.2 MHz) and high stability (the standard deviation of locking baseline is 0.32 MHz) experimentally. The results show that compared with the singly-resonant optical parametric oscillator, the doubly-resonant cavity has the characteristics of low threshold and high stability, which is more suitable for the preparation and practical application of broadband squeezed light field.
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Keywords:
- squeezed light field /
- optical parametric oscillator /
- pump threshold /
- squeezing bandwidth
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图 1 OPO结构示意图 (a)单共振OPO; (b)双共振OPO
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of OPO structure: (a) Singly-resonant OPO; (b) doubly-resonant OPO.
图 2 OPO阈值
${P_{{\rm{th}}}}$ 随信号光透射率${T_{\rm{s}}}$ 变化图Figure 2. Diagram of the change of OPO threshold
${P_{{\rm{th}}}}$ with the transmittance of signal light${T_{\rm{s}}}$ .
图 3 压缩带宽、OPO信号光线宽、压缩度随
${T_{\rm{s}}}$ 变化图Figure 3. Diagram of squeezing bandwidth, signal light linewidth of OPO and squeezing degree changing with
${T_{\rm{s}}}$ .
图 4 实验装置图
Figure 4. Diagram of experimental set-up.
图 5 OPO信号光的透射峰 (a)单共振OPO的透射峰; (b)双共振OPO的透射峰
Figure 5. The transmission peaks of OPO signal light: (a) The transmission peaks of singly-resonant OPO; (b) the transmission peaks of doubly-resonant OPO.
图 6 OPO的压缩带宽实验结果图
Figure 6. Experimental results of OPO squeezing bandwidth.
图 7 OPO的误差信号频率分布统计图 (a)单共振OPO; (b)双共振OPO
Figure 7. Statistical graph of frequency distribution of error signal of OPO: (a) Singly-resonant OPO; (b) doubly-resonant OPO.
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[1] Grote H, Danzmann K, Dooley K L, Schnabel R, Slutsky J, Vahlbruch H 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 181101
Google Scholar
[2] Oelker E, Mansell G, Tse M, Miller J, Matichard F, Barsotti L, Fritschel P, McClelland D E, Evans M, Mavalvala N 2016 Optica 3 682
Google Scholar
[3] 成健, 冯晋霞, 李渊骥, 张宽收 2018 物理学报 67 244202
Google Scholar
Cheng J, Feng J X, Li Y J, Zhang K S 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 244202
Google Scholar
[4] 冯晋霞, 杜京师, 靳晓丽, 李渊骥, 张宽收 2018 物理学报 67 174203
Google Scholar
Feng J X, Du J S, Jin X L, Li Y J, Zhang K S 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 174203
Google Scholar
[5] Su X L, Tian C X, Deng X W, Li Q, Xie C D, Peng K C 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 117 240503
Google Scholar
[6] Huo M R, Qin J L, Cheng J L, Yan Z H, Qin Z Z, Su X L, Jia X J, Xie C D, Peng K C 2018 Sci. Adv. 4 eaas9401
Google Scholar
[7] 聂敏, 张怡心, 杨光, 张美玲, 孙爱晶, 裴昌幸 2019 量子光学学报 25 395
Google Scholar
Nie M, Zhang Y X, Yang G, Zhang M L, Sun A J, Pei C X 2019 Acta Sin. Quantum Opt. 25 395
Google Scholar
[8] Shi S P, Wang Y J, Yang W H, Zheng Y H, Peng K C 2018 Opt. Lett. 43 5411
Google Scholar
[9] 聂丹丹, 冯晋霞, 戚蒙, 李渊骥, 张宽收 2020 物理学报 69 094205
Google Scholar
Nie D D, Feng J X, Qi M, Li Y J, Zhang K S 2020 Acta Phys. Sin. 69 094205
Google Scholar
[10] 万振菊, 冯晋霞, 成健, 张宽收 2018 物理学报 67 024203
Google Scholar
Wan Z J, Feng J X, Cheng J, Zhang K S 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 024203
Google Scholar
[11] 常彦红, 刘阿鹏 2019 量子光学学报 25 297
Google Scholar
Chang Y H, Liu A P 2019 Acta Sin. Quantum Opt. 25 297
Google Scholar
[12] 余胜, 刘焕章, 刘胜帅, 荆杰泰 2020 物理学报 69 090303
Google Scholar
Yu S, Liu H Z, Liu S S, Jing J T 2020 Acta Phys. Sin. 69 090303
Google Scholar
[13] Lloyd S 2008 Science 321 1463
Google Scholar
[14] Zhang Z S, Mouradian S, Wong F N C, Shapiro J H 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 114 110506
Google Scholar
[15] Zhang Z S, Tengner M, Zhong T, Wong F N C, Shapiro J H 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 010501
Google Scholar
[16] Yang W H, Shi S P, Wang Y J, Ma W G, Zheng Y H, Peng K C 2017 Opt. Lett. 42 4553
Google Scholar
[17] Rihan A, Andrieux E, Zanon-Willette T, Briaudeau S, Himbert M, Zondy J J 2011 Appl. Phys. B 102 367
[18] Vahlbruch H, Mehmet M, Danzmann K, Schnabel R 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 117 110801
Google Scholar
[19] Zhang W H, Wang J R, Zheng Y H, Wang Y J, Peng K C 2019 Appl. Phys. Lett. 115 171103
Google Scholar
[20] Schönbeck A, Thies F, Schnabel R 2018 Opt. Lett. 43 110
Google Scholar
[21] Mehmet M, Vahlbruch H, Lastzka N, Danzmann K, Schnabel R 2010 Phys. Rev. A 81 013814
Google Scholar
[22] Ast S, Mehmet M, Schnabel R 2013 Opt. Express 21 13572
Google Scholar
[23] Takeno Y, Yukawa M, Yonezawa H, Furusawa A 2007 Opt. Express 15 4321
Google Scholar
[24] Samblowski A 2012 Ph. D. Dissertation (Hannover: Leibniz Universität Hannover)
[25] Emanueli S, Arie A 2003 Appl. Opt. 42 6661
Google Scholar
[26] Vanherzeele H, Bierlein J D 1992 Opt. Lett. 17 982
Google Scholar
[27] Schiller S, Schneider K, Mlynek J 1999 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 16 1512
Google Scholar
[28] Martinelli M, Zhang K S, Coudreau T, Maître A, Fabre C 2001 J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt. 3 300
Google Scholar
[29] 贾梦源, 赵刚, 周月婷, 刘建鑫, 郭松杰, 吴永前, 马维光, 张雷, 董磊, 尹王保, 肖连团, 贾锁堂 2018 物理学报 67 104207
Google Scholar
Jia M Y, Zhao G, Zhou Y T, Liu J X, Gou S J, Wu Y Q, Ma W G, Zhang L, Dong L, Yi W B, Xiao L T, Jia S T 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 104207
Google Scholar
[30] 张宏宇, 王锦荣, 李庆回, 吉宇杰, 贺子洋, 杨荣草, 田龙 2019 量子光学学报 25 456
Google Scholar
Zhang H Y, Wang J R, Li Q H, Ji Y J, He Z Y, Yang R C, Tian L 2019 Acta Sin. Quantum Opt. 25 456
Google Scholar
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