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Atmospheric pressure non-equilibrium low-temperature plasma has been widely used in biomedicine, surface treatment and other fields, which has attracted the attention of researchers extensively. As one of the important methods to generate such a plasma, the plasma jet has become a popular method, which can generate a remote plasma plume at the nozzle through introducing a rare gas flow. However, plasma plume has a small diameter, which results in deficiency for the large-scale surface treatment. A dielectric barrier discharge device with three electrodes is utilized to produce a large brush-shaped plasma plume (50.0 mm × 40.0 mm) downstream of flowing argon under the combined excitation of an alternate current (AC) voltage and a negative bias voltage, thereby increasing the plume scale. The results show that the luminescence intensity of the plasma plume increases with AC peak voltage increasing. By fast photography implemented with an intensified charge coupled device (ICCD), it is found that the plasma plume is composed of temporally superposed branched-streamers. The ICCD images also reveal that the number of branches increases with AC peak voltage increasing. Moreover, the waveforms of AC voltage and light emission signal recorded simultaneously indicate that the plasma plume initiates once per AC voltage cycle, which occurs in the positive half cycle of the applied voltage. With AC peak voltage increasing, the duration and intensity of discharge pulse increase, which results from more branches of the branched streamer. Besides, optical emission spectrum in a range from 300 nm to 850 nm mainly includes OH (A2Σ+–X2Π) peaked at 308.0 nm, the second positive system of N2 (C3Πu–B3Πg), Ar I (4p–4s), and O I (3p3 P–3s3 S) at 844.6 nm. Based on the optical emission spectrum, the plasma parameters such as vibrational temperature and intensity ratio of spectral lines (correlated with electron density and electron temperature) are investigated. Besides, the variation of concentration of oxygen atoms in the plasma plume with experimental parameters is investigated by optical actinometry. The results indicate that the concentration of oxygen atoms first increases and then decreases with the distance increasing along the argon flow direction or with oxygen content of the working gas increasing. In addition, the concentration of oxygen atoms increases with AC peak voltage increasing. All these results are discussed qualitatively. These results are of great importance in modifying the plasma surface on a large scale.
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Keywords:
- plasma jet /
- branched streamer /
- optical emission spectrum /
- optical actinometry
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[1] Liao X Y, Li J, Muhammad A I, et al. 2018 Food Control 90 241
Google Scholar
[2] Keidar M, Shashurin A, Volotskova O, Stepp M A, Srinivasan P, Sandler A, Trink B 2013 Phys. Plasmas 20 057101
Google Scholar
[3] Athanasopoulus D, Svarnas P, Ladas S, Kennou S, Koutsoukos P 2018 Appl. Phys. Lett. 112 213703
Google Scholar
[4] Daeschlein G, Woedtke T V, Kindel E, et al. 2010 Plasma Processes Polym. 7 224
Google Scholar
[5] Li X C, Liu R J, Li X N, Gao K, Wu J C, Gong D D, Jia P Y 2019 Phys. Plasmas 26 023510
Google Scholar
[6] Jung H, Kim W H, Oh I K, et al. 2016 J. Mater. Sci. 51 5082
Google Scholar
[7] Ning W J, Dai D, Zhang Y H 2019 Appl. Phys. Lett. 114 054104
Google Scholar
[8] Li X, Yang D Z, Yuan H, Zhao Z L, Zhou X F, Zhang L, Wang W C 2019 High Volt. 4 228
Google Scholar
[9] Massines F, Gherardi N, Naudé N, Ségur P 2005 Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 47 B577
Google Scholar
[10] Luo H Y, Liang Z, Lv B, Wang X X, Guan Z C 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 91 221504
Google Scholar
[11] Wang X X, Li C R, Lu M Z, Pu Y K 2003 Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 12 358
Google Scholar
[12] Fang Z, Lin J, Xie X, Qiu Y, Kuffel E 2009 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 42 085203
Google Scholar
[13] Lu X P, Laroussi M 2006 J. Appl. Phys. 100 063302
Google Scholar
[14] Teschke M, Kedzierski J, Finantu-Dinu E G, Korzec D, Engemann J 2005 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 33 310
Google Scholar
[15] Kim D B, Rhee J K, Gweon B, Moon S Y, Choe W 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 91 151502
Google Scholar
[16] Sands B L, Ganguly B N, Tachibana K 2008 Appl. Phys. Lett. 92 151503
Google Scholar
[17] Zhu W D, Lopez J L 2012 Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 21 034018
Google Scholar
[18] Walsh J L, Kong M G 2008 Appl. Phys. Lett. 93 111501
Google Scholar
[19] Ghasemi M, Olszewski P, Bradley J W, Walsh J L 2013 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 46 052001
Google Scholar
[20] Cao Z, Walsh J L, Kong M G 2009 Appl. Phys. Lett. 94 021501
Google Scholar
[21] Tang J, Cao W Q, Zhao W, Wang Y S, Duan Y X 2012 Phys. Plasmas 19 031501
Google Scholar
[22] Li X C, Chu J D, Jia P Y, Li Y R, Wang B, Dong L F 2018 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 46 582
Google Scholar
[23] Li X C, Chu J D, Zhang Q, Zhang P P, Jia P Y, Geng J L 2016 Appl. Phys. Lett. 109 204102
Google Scholar
[24] Liu X, Wang C C, Liu J Y, Wang C S, Yang Z K, Chen F Z, Song J L 2019 J. Appl. Phys. 125 123301
Google Scholar
[25] Li Q, Takana H, Pu Y K, Nishiyama H 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 98 241501
Google Scholar
[26] Li Q, Takana H, Pu Y K, Nishiyama H 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 100 133501
Google Scholar
[27] Li X C, Lin X T, Wu K Y, Ren C H, Liu R, Jia P Y 2019 Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 28 055006
Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
[29] Kovach Y E, Garcia M C, Foster J E 2019 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 47 3214
Google Scholar
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Li S Z 2019 Fundamentals of Low-temperature Plasma Spectroscopy and its Application (1st Ed.) (Dalian: Dalian University of Technology Press) p185 (in Chinese)
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Google Scholar
[32] Zhang B, Zhu Y, Liu F, Fang Z 2017 Plasma Sci. Technol. 19 064011
Google Scholar
[33] Teodorescu M, Bazavan M, Ionita E R, Dinescu G 2015 Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 24 025033
Google Scholar
[34] Wu K Y, Wu J C, Jia B Y, Ren C H, Kang P C, Jia P Y, Li X C 2020 Phys. Plasmas 27 082308
Google Scholar
[35] Li X C, Chen J Y, Lin X T, Wu J C, Wu K Y, Jia P Y 2020 Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 29 065015
Google Scholar
[36] Xiao D Z, Cheng C, Shen J, Lan Y, Xie H B, Shu X S, Meng Y D, Li J G 2014 Phys. Plasmas 21 053510
Google Scholar
[37] Lieberman M A, Lichtenberg A J 1994 Principles of Plasma Discharges and Materials Processing (New York: Wiley) p550
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[39] Lowke J J 1992 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 25 202
Google Scholar
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