Electron Vortices in Attosecond Photoionization: Mechanisms,Dynamics and Applications

ZHANG Bingshuang; JIAO Liguang; LIU Aihua

doi:10.7498/aps.75.20251587

Abstract
In recent years, with the advancement of attosecond pulse generation and polarization-shaping techniques, vortex structures with Archimedean spiral features observed in photoelectron momentum distributions have attracted broad attention in the study of ultrafast electron dynamics in atoms and molecules. This paper provides a systematic review of the generation mechanisms, dynamical behavior, and application prospects of electron vortices in attosecond photoionization. Theoretical studies reveal that electron vortices originate from quantum interference between photoelectron wave packets with different magnetic quantum numbers. Their number of spiral arms and spatial distributions are highly sensitive to the laser pulse polarization, time delay, chirp, and the orbital symmetry of the target system. Experimentally, by combining polarization-shaped pulses with high-resolution photoelectron imaging techniques, a variety of vortex structures have been successfully observed and verified. Beyond their fundamental interest, electron vortices demonstrate significant application potential in interference metrology, carrier-envelope phase retrieval, electron displacement and time-delay measurements, and further open new avenues for molecular orbital imaging and quantum-state control. Finally, this paper outlines future research directions and potential applications of electron vortices in strong-field ionization, molecular dissociation, and related areas.

Keywords:
Photoelectron momentum distribution /

Photoelectron vortex /

Attosecond pulse /

Quantum interference
Cited By

[1]	Einstein A 1905 Ann. Phys. 322 132
[2]	Goulielmakis E, Uiberacker M, Kienberger R, Baltuska A, Yakovlev V, Scrinzi A, Westerwalbesloh T, Kleineberg U, Heinzmann U, Drescher M, Krausz F 2004 Science 305 1267
[3]	Kienberger R, Goulielmakis E, Uiberacker M, Baltuska A, Yakovlev V, Bammer F, Scrinzi A, Westerwalbesloh T, Kleineberg U, Heinzmann U, Drescher M, Krausz F 2004 Nature 427 817
[4]	Eckle P, Smolarski M, Schlup P, Biegert J, Staudte A, Schoeffler M, Muller H G, Doerner R, Keller U 2008 Nat. Phys. 4 565
[5]	Gallmann L, Cirelli C, Keller U 2012 Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 63 447
[6]	Calegari F, Sansone G, Stagira S, Vozzi C, Nisoli M 2016 J. Phys. B:At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 49 062001
[7]	Vrakking M J J 2014 Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16 2775
[8]	Chang Z, Corkum P B, Leone S R 2016 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 33 1081
[9]	Strickland D, Mourou G 1985 Opt. Commun. 56 219
[10]	Agostini P, Fabre F, Mainfray G, Petite G, Rahman N K 1979 Phys. Rev. Lett. 42 1127
[11]	Meng C, Lü Z, Wang X, Zhang D, Zhao Z, Yuan J 2022 Chin. Phys. Lett. 39 113701
[12]	Yang Q, Leng J, Wang Y H, Sun Y N, Du H B, Zhang D D, Song L L, He L H, Liu F C 2022 Chin. Phys. Lett. 39 023301
[13]	Fittinghoff D N, Bolton P R, Chang B, Kulander K C 1992 Phys. Rev. Lett. 69 2642
[14]	Walker B, Sheehy B, DiMauro L F, Agostini P, Schafer K J, Kulander K C 1994 Phys. Rev. Lett. 73 1227
[15]	Larochelle S, Talebpour A, Chin S L 1998 J. Phys. B:At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 31 1201
[16]	Luo X, Ji X, Jiao L, Liu A, Liu X 2025 Chin. Phys. Lett. 42 070301
[17]	Li Y, Wu F, Liu F, Kang S, Li Z, Zhang K, Liu Y, Li K, Zhai C, Xu J, Wang P, Zhao Q, Yu B 2025 Chin. Phys. Lett. 42 053703
[18]	Li Y, Qin L, Liu A, Zhang K, Tang Q, Zhai C, Xu J, Chen S, Yu B, Chen J 2022 Chin. Phys. Lett. 39 093201
[19]	Luo X, Jiao L G, Liu A, Liu X 2024 Opt. Express 32 19825
[20]	Ferray M, L'Huillier A, Li X F, Lompre L A, Mainfray G, Manus C 1988 J. Phys. B:At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 21 L31
[21]	Paul P M, Toma E S, Breger P, Mullot G, Augé F, Balcou P, Muller H G, Agostini P 2001 Science 292 1689
[22]	Hentschel M, Kienberger R, Spielmann C, Reider G, Milosevic N, Brabec T, Corkum P, Heinzmann U, Drescher M, Krausz F 2001 Nature 414 509
[23]	Qiao Y, Zhang Y, Zhou S, Chen P, Liu Y, Yang Y, Chen J 2025 Chin. Phys. Lett. 43 020401
[24]	Ma Y, Meng C S, Lyu Z H, Zhang Y, Zhang D W, Sun X, Wu H Z, Wang X W, Zhao Z X, Yuan J M 2025 Chin. Phys. Lett. 42 120303
[25]	Yu S, Li Z, Zhong S, Xie B, Teng H, Zhu J, Wei Z 2025 Chin. Phys. Lett. 42 100401
[26]	Chen J, Jiang W, Qiao Y, Yang Y, Chen J 2025 Chin. Phys. Lett. 42 013201
[27]	Qiao Y, Chen J, Zhou S, Chen J, Jiang S, Yang Y 2024 Chin. Phys. Lett. 41 014205
[28]	Wang L, Wang X, Xiao F, Wang J, Tao W, Zhang D, Zhao Z 2023 Chin. Phys. Lett. 40 113201
[29]	Tzallas P, Skantzakis E, Nikolopoulos L A A, Tsakiris G D, Charalambidis D 2011 Nat. Phys. 7 781
[30]	Hu S X, Collins L A 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 073004
[31]	Sansone G, Benedetti E, Calegari F, Vozzi C, Avaldi L, Flammini R, Poletto L, Villoresi P, Altucci C, Velotta R, Stagira S, De Silvestri S, Nisoli M 2006 Science 314 443
[32]	Goulielmakis E, Schultze M, Hofstetter M, Yakovlev V S, Gagnon J, Uiberacker M, Aquila A L, Gullikson E M, Attwood D T, Kienberger R, Krausz F, Kleineberg U 2008 Science 320 1614
[33]	Zhao K, Zhang Q, Chini M, Wu Y, Wang X, Chang Z 2012 Opt. Lett. 37 3891
[34]	Li J, Ren X, Yin Y, Zhao K, Chew A, Cheng Y, Cunningham E, Wang Y, Hu S, Wu Y, Chini M, Chang Z 2017 Nat. Commun. 8 186
[35]	Gaumnitz T, Jain A, Pertot Y, Huppert M, Jordan I, Ardana-Lamas F, Wörner H J 2017 Opt. Express 25 27506
[36]	Zhan M J, Ye P, Teng H, He X K, Zhang W, Zhong S Y, Wang L F, Yun C X, Wei Z Y 2013 Chin. Phys. Lett. 30 093201
[37]	Wang X, Wang L, Xiao F, Zhang D, Lü Z, Yuan J, Zhao Z 2020 Chin. Phys. Lett. 37 023201
[38]	Yang Z, Cao W, Chen X, Zhang J, Mo Y, Xu H, Mi K, Zhang Q, Lan P, Lu P 2020 Opt. Lett. 45 567
[39]	Kerbstadt S, Eickhoff K, Bayer T, Wollenhaupt M 2019 Adv. Phys. X 4 1672583
[40]	Eckle P, Pfeiffer A N, Cirelli C, Staudte A, Doerner R, Muller H G, Buettiker M, Keller U 2008 Science 322 1525
[41]	Torlina L, Morales F, Kaushal J, Ivanov I, Kheifets A, Zielinski A, Scrinzi A, Muller H G, Sukiasyan S, Ivanov M, Smirnova O 2015 Nat. Phys. 11 503
[42]	Pfeiffer A N, Cirelli C, Smolarski M, Keller U 2013 Chem. Phys. 414 84
[43]	Wang X H, Ou X B, Gong X C 2025 Acta Phys. Sin. 74 243202(in Chinses)[王旭涵,欧显彬,宫晓春2025物理学报74 243202]
[44]	Sansone G, Poletto L, Nisoli M 2011 Nat. Photon. 5 656
[45]	Hernández-García C, Durfee C G, Hickstein D D, Popmintchev T, Meier A, Murnane M M, Kapteyn H C, Sola I J, Jaron-Becker A, Becker A 2016 Phys. Rev. A 93 043855
[46]	Krausz F, Ivanov M 2009 Rev. Mod. Phys. 81 163
[47]	Huismans Y, Rouzée A, Gijsbertsen A, Jungmann J H, Smolkowska A S, Logman P S W M, Lépine F, Cauchy C, Zamith S, Marchenko T, Bakker J M, Berden G, Redlich B, van der Meer A F G, Muller H G, Vermin W, Schafer K J, Spanner M, Ivanov M Y, Smirnova O, Bauer D, Popruzhenko S V, Vrakking M J J 2011 Science 331 61
[48]	Pazourek R, Nagele S, Burgdörfer J 2015 Rev. Mod. Phys. 87 765
[49]	Drescher M, Hentschel M, Kienberger R, Uiberacker M, Yakovlev V, Scrinzi A, Westerwalbesloh T, Kleineberg U, Heinzmann U, Krausz F 2002 Nature 419 803
[50]	Klünder K, Dahlström J M, Gisselbrecht M, Fordell T, Swoboda M, Guénot D, Johnsson P, Caillat J, Mauritsson J, Maquet A, Taïeb R, L'Huillier A 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 143002
[51]	Schultze M, Fieß M, Karpowicz N, Gagnon J, Korbman M, Hofstetter M, Neppl S, Cavalieri A L, Komninos Y, Mercouris T, Nicolaides C A, Pazourek R, Nagele S, Feist J, Burgdörfer J, Azzeer A M, Ernstorfer R, Kienberger R, Kleineberg U, Goulielmakis E, Krausz F, Yakovlev V S 2010 Science 328 1658
[52]	Busto D, Vinbladh J, Zhong S, Isinger M, Nandi S, Maclot S, Johnsson P, Gisselbrecht M, L'Huillier A, Lindroth E, Dahlström J M 2019 Phys. Rev. Lett. 123 133201
[53]	Kling M F, Siedschlag C, Verhoef A J, Khan J I, Schultze M, Uphues T, Ni Y, Uiberacker M, Drescher M, Krausz F, Vrakking M J J 2006 Science 312 246
[54]	Eichmann H, Egbert A, Nolte S, Momma C, Wellegehausen B, Becker W, Long S, McIver J K 1995 Phys. Rev. A 51 R3414
[55]	Milošević D B, Becker W, Kopold R 2000 Phys. Rev. A 61 063403
[56]	Long S, Becker W, McIver J K 1995 Phys. Rev. A 52 2262
[57]	Fleischer A, Kfir O, Diskin T, Sidorenko P, Cohen O 2014 Nat. Photon. 8 543
[58]	Kfir O, Grychtol P, Turgut E, Knut R, Zusin D, Popmintchev D, Popmintchev T, Nembach H, Shaw J M, Fleischer A, Kapteyn H, Murnane M, Cohen O 2015 Nat. Photon. 9 99
[59]	Ngoko Djiokap J M, Hu S X, Madsen L B, Manakov N L, Meremianin A V, Starace A F 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 115 113004
[60]	Scheeler M W, van Rees W M, Kedia H, Kleckner D, Irvine W T M 2017 Science 357 487
[61]	Harris M, Hill C, Vaughan J 1994 Opt. Commun. 106 161
[62]	Macek J H, Sternberg J B, Ovchinnikov S Y, Lee T G, Schultz D R 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 143201
[63]	Gregg P, Kristensen P, Ramachandran S 2015 Optica 2 267
[64]	Hernandez-Garcia C, Vieira J, Mendonca J T, Rego L, San Roman J, Plaja L, Ribic P R, Gauthier D, Picon A 2017 Photonics 4 28
[65]	Lloyd S M, Babiker M, Thirunavukkarasu G, Yuan J 2017 Rev. Mod. Phys. 89 035004
[66]	Bliokh K, Ivanov I, Guzzinati G, Clark L, Van Boxem R, Béché A, Juchtmans R, Alonso M, Schattschneider P, Nori F, Verbeeck J 2017 Phys. Rep. 690 1
[67]	Ovchinnikov S Y, Sternberg J B, Macek J H, Lee T G, Schultz D R 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 203005
[68]	Yuan K J, Chelkowski S, Bandrauk A D 2016 Phys. Rev. A 93 053425
[69]	de Broglie L 1970 Found. Phys. 1 5
[70]	Davisson C, Germer L H 1927 Phys. Rev. 30 705
[71]	Ramsey N F 1950 Phys. Rev. 78 695
[72]	Noordam L D, Duncan D I, Gallagher T F 1992 Phys. Rev. A 45 4734
[73]	Strehle M, Weichmann U, Gerber G 1998 Phys. Rev. A 58 450
[74]	Wollenhaupt M, Assion A, Liese D, Sarpe-Tudoran C, Baumert T, Zamith S, Bouchene M A, Girard B, Flettner A, Weichmann U, Gerber G 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 173001
[75]	Eickhoff K, Köhnke D, Feld L, Englert L, Bayer T, Wollenhaupt M 2020 New J. Phys. 22 123015
[76]	Pengel D, Kerbstadt S, Englert L, Bayer T, Wollenhaupt M 2017 Phys. Rev. A 96 043426
[77]	Pengel D, Kerbstadt S, Johannmeyer D, Englert L, Bayer T, Wollenhaupt M 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 118 053003
[78]	Kerbstadt S, Eickhoff K, Bayer T, Wollenhaupt M 2019 Nat. Commun. 10 658
[79]	Eickhoff K, Englert L, Bayer T, Wollenhaupt M 2021 Front. in Phys. 9 675258
[80]	Ngoko Djiokap J M, Meremianin A V, Manakov N L, Hu S X, Madsen L B, Starace A F 2016 Phys. Rev. A 94 013408
[81]	Yuan K J, Lu H, Bandrauk A D 2017 J. Phys. B:At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 50 124004
[82]	Zhen Q, Zhang H D, Zhang S Q, Ji L, Han T, Liu X S 2020 Chem. Phys. Lett. 738 136885
[83]	Zhen Q, Zhang S Q, Yang Z J, Liu X S 2021 EPL 133 33001
[84]	Zhen Q, Chen J H, Zhang S Q, Yang Z J, Liu X S 2021 Chin. Phys. B 30 024203
[85]	Guo J, Zhang S Q, Zhang J, Zhou S P, Guan P F 2021 Laser Phys. 31 065301
[86]	Wang Z, Zhen Q, Sun Y, Chen J H, Liu X S 2021 Commun. Theor. Phys. 74 015501
[87]	Lei Z X, Yan S J, Hao X Y, Ma P, Zhou S P, Guo J 2023 Commun. Theor. Phys. 75 065501
[88]	Ben S, Chen S, Bi C R, Chen J, Liu X S 2020 Opt. Express 28 29442
[89]	Djiokap J M N, Meremianin A V, Manakov N L, Hu S X, Madsen L B, Starace A F 2017 Phys. Rev. A 96 013405
[90]	Djiokap J M N, Starace A F 2017 J. Opt. 19 124003
[91]	Ngoko Djiokap J M, Meremianin A V, Manakov N L 2021 Phys. Rev. A 103 023103
[92]	Zhang B, Liu X, Zhu F, Jiao L, Liu A 2024 Commun. Theor. Phys. 76 015502
[93]	Strandquist N J, Ngoko Djiokap J M 2022 Phys. Rev. A 106 043110
[94]	Yusoff M A H B M, Ngoko Djiokap J M 2024 Phys. Rev. A 109 023107
[95]	Pedersen L, Ngoko Djiokap J M 2024 Phys. Rev. A 109 033114
[96]	Wang R, Zhang Q, Qian Y 2025 Phys. Rev. A 111 013106
[97]	Ngoko Djiokap J M, Meremianin A V, Manakov N L, Madsen L B, Hu S X, Starace A F 2018 Phys. Rev. A 98 063407
[98]	Ngoko Djiokap J M, Starace A F 2021 Phys. Rev. A 103 053110
[99]	Yang H, Liu X, Zhu F, Jiao L, Liu A 2024 Chin. Phys. B 33 013303
[100]	Bayer T, Wollenhaupt M 2022 Front. in Chem. 10 899461
[101]	Wollenhaupt M, Lux C, Krug M, Baumert T 2013 ChemPhysChem 14 1341
[102]	Bayer T, Philipp C, Eickhoff K, Wollenhaupt M 2020 Phys. Rev. A 102 013104
[103]	Eickhoff K, Feld L, Köhnke D, Bayer T, Wollenhaupt M 2021 Phys. Rev. A 104 052805
[104]	Eickhoff K, Feld L, Köhnke D, Englert L, Bayer T, Wollenhaupt M 2021 J. Phys. B:At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 54 164002
[105]	Köhnke D, Bayer T, Wollenhaupt M 2024 Phys. Rev. A 110 053109
[106]	Li M, Zhang G, Kong X, Wang T, Ding X, Yao J 2018 Opt. Express 26 878
[107]	Kong X, Zhang G, Li M, Wang T, Ding X, Yao J 2018 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 35 2163
[108]	Li M, Zhang G, Ding X, Yao J 2019 IEEE Photon. J 11 1
[109]	Li M, Zhang G Z, Ding X, Yao J Q 2019 Chin. Phys. Lett. 36 063201
[110]	Qin Y N, Li M, Feng Y, Luo S, Zhou Y, Lu P 2021 Front. Phys. 16 32502
[111]	Xiao X R, Wang M X, Liang H, Gong Q, Peng L Y 2019 Phys. Rev. Lett. 122 053201
[112]	Fulton E L, Ngoko Djiokap J M 2024 Phys. Rev. A 110 063105
[113]	Köhnke D, Bayer T, Wollenhaupt M 2024 Phys. Rev. A 110 063111
[114]	Barth I, Smirnova O 2011 Phys. Rev. A 84 063415
[115]	Wang R, Zhang Q, Ran C, Cao W, Lu P 2020 Opt. Lett. 45 1383
[116]	Ma M Y, Wang J P, Jing W Q, Guan Z, Jiao Z H, Wang G L, Chen J H, Zhao S F 2021 Opt. Express 29 33245
[117]	Armstrong G S J, Clarke D D A, Benda J, Wragg J, Brown A C, van der Hart H W 2021 Phys. Rev. A 103 053123
[118]	Han M, Ge P, Liu M M, Gong Q, Liu Y 2019 Phys. Rev. A 99 023404
[119]	Milošević D B 2016 Phys. Rev. A 93 051402
[120]	Hu Y, Ma Q, Liu K, Tian Y, Li M, Zhou Y, Lu P 2023 Phys. Rev. A 107 033108
[121]	Wang R R, Ma M Y, Wen L C, Guan Z, Yang Z Q, Jiao Z H, Wang G L, Zhao S F 2023 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 40 1749
[122]	Ambalampitiya H B, Ngoko Djiokap J M 2024 Commun. Phys. 7 359
[123]	Shu C C, Guo Y, Yuan K J, Dong D, Bandrauk A D 2020 Opt. Lett. 45 960
[124]	Li Z L, Li Y J, Xie B S 2017 Phys. Rev. D 96 076010
[125]	Li Z L, Xie B S, Li Y J 2018 J. Phys. B:At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 52 025601
[126]	Geng L, Cajiao Vélez F, Kamiński J Z, Peng L Y, Krajewska K 2020 Phys. Rev. A 102 043117
[127]	Cajiao Vélez F, Geng L, Kamiński J Z, Peng L Y, Krajewska K 2020 Phys. Rev. A 102 043102
[128]	Majczak M M, Velez F C, Kaminski J Z, Krajewska K 2022 Opt. Express 30 43330
[129]	Chen Z, He F 2020 Phys. Rev. A 102 033107
[130]	Chen Z, He P L, He F 2020 Phys. Rev. A 101 033406
[131]	Han M, Liang H, Rost J M, Rudenko A, Cocke C L, Thumm U, Peng L Y, Liu Y 2025 Phys. Rev. Res. 7 013295

[1]	ZHANG Yichen, DING Nannan, LI Jialin, FU Yuxi. Attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy: an ultrafast optical probe for revealing electron dynamics. Acta Physica Sinica, doi: 10.7498/aps.74.20250546
[2]	Lü Xiao-Yuan, Zhu Ruo-Bi, Song Hao, Su Ning, Chen Gao. Isolated attosecond pulse generation from a double optical gating scheme based on orthogonal polarization field. Acta Physica Sinica, doi: 10.7498/aps.68.20190847
[3]	Liu Can-Dong, Jia Zheng-Mao, Zheng Ying-Hui, Ge Xiao-Chun, Zeng Zhi-Nan, Li Ru-Xin. Research progress of the control and measurement of the atomic and molecular ultrafast electron dynamics using two-color field. Acta Physica Sinica, doi: 10.7498/aps.65.223206
[4]	Chen Ji-Gen, Zeng Si-Liang, Yang Yu-Jun, Cheng Chao. Isolated intense sub-30-as pulse generation by quantum path control in the three-color laser pulse. Acta Physica Sinica, doi: 10.7498/aps.61.123201
[5]	Pan Hui-Ling, Li Peng-Cheng, Zhou Xiao-Xin. Single attosecond pulse generated by atom exposed to two laser pulses with the same color and half cycle pulses. Acta Physica Sinica, doi: 10.7498/aps.60.043203
[6]	Li Wei, Wang Guo-Li, Zhou Xiao-Xin. Single attosecond pulse generated by model helium atom exposed to the combined field of an intense few-cycle chirped laser pulse and a half cycle pulse. Acta Physica Sinica, doi: 10.7498/aps.60.123201
[7]	Chen Yang, Chen Ji-Gen, Yang Yu-Jun. Isolated intense 39 attosecond pulse generatedby adding a harmonic pulse. Acta Physica Sinica, doi: 10.7498/aps.60.033202
[8]	Luo Mu-Hua, Zhang Qiu-Ju, Yan Chun-Yan. Optimization of attosecond pulses from the interaction of ultrarelativistic laser with overdense plasma. Acta Physica Sinica, doi: 10.7498/aps.59.8559
[9]	Hong Wei-Yi, Yang Zhen-Yu, Lan Peng-Fei, Zhang Qing-Bin, Li Qian-Guang, Lu Pei-Xiang. Generating isolated broadband attosecond pulses with stable pulse duration in a non-colinear polarized two-color field. Acta Physica Sinica, doi: 10.7498/aps.58.4914
[10]	Ye Xiao-Liang, Zhou Xiao-Xin, Zhao Song-Feng, Li Peng-Cheng. The single attosecond pulse generated by atom exposed to two-color combined laser field. Acta Physica Sinica, doi: 10.7498/aps.58.1579
[11]	Ma Rui-Qiong, Li Yong-Fang, Shi Jian. Quantum interference effects of coherent instantaneous states and Berry phase. Acta Physica Sinica, doi: 10.7498/aps.57.4083
[12]	Zhang Qing-Bin, Hong Wei-Yi, Lan Peng-Fei, Yang Zhen-Yu, Lu Pei-Xiang. Control of attosecond pulse generation with modulated polarization gating. Acta Physica Sinica, doi: 10.7498/aps.57.7848
[13]	Hong Wei-Yi, Yang Zhen-Yu, Lan Peng-Fei, Lu Pei-Xiang. Direct generation of isolated sub-50 attosecond pulse via controlling quantum paths by a low frequency field. Acta Physica Sinica, doi: 10.7498/aps.57.5853
[14]	Dong Xiao-Gang, Sheng Zheng-Ming, Chen Min, Zhang Jie. Numerical simulation of acceleration and radiation of surface electrons in the interaction of intense laser pulses with a solid target. Acta Physica Sinica, doi: 10.7498/aps.57.7423
[15]	Zheng Ying-Hui, Zeng Zhi-Nan, Li Ru-Xin, Xu Zhi-Zhan. Nondipole effects in high-order harmonic generation induced by extreme ultraviolet attosecond pulse. Acta Physica Sinica, doi: 10.7498/aps.56.2243
[16]	Cao Wei, Lan Peng-Fei, Lu Pei-Xiang. Proposal for single attosecond pulse production with a 43 fs super intense laser pulse. Acta Physica Sinica, doi: 10.7498/aps.56.1608
[17]	Cao Wei, Lan Peng-Fei, Lu Pei-Xiang. Single attosecond pulse generation by tightly focused laser beam-electron interaction. Acta Physica Sinica, doi: 10.7498/aps.55.2115
[18]	Sun Jiang, Zuo Zhan-Chun, Mi Xin, Yu Zu-He, Wu Ling-An, Fu Pan-Ming. Two-photon resonant nondegenerate four-wave mixing via quantum interference. Acta Physica Sinica, doi: 10.7498/aps.54.149
[19]	Liu Lu-Ning, Shou Qian, Lei Liang, Lin Chun-Mei, Lai Tian-Shu, Wen Jin-Hui, Lin Wei-Zhu. Polarization effects of coherent control photocurrent in semiconductors. Acta Physica Sinica, doi: 10.7498/aps.54.1863
[20]	Zheng Jun, Sheng Zheng-Ming, Zhang Jie. Attosecond pulses emitted by a single energetic electron traversing an intense laser beam. Acta Physica Sinica, doi: 10.7498/aps.54.2638

Metrics

Abstract views: 39
PDF Downloads: 0
Cited By: 0

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

Search

Article

留言板

Electron Vortices in Attosecond Photoionization: Mechanisms,Dynamics and Applications

Abstract

Cited By

Metrics

Authors

Referees

About Journal

About

Search

Article

留言板

Electron Vortices in Attosecond Photoionization: Mechanisms,Dynamics and Applications

Abstract

Cited By

Metrics

Publishing process

Authors

Referees

About Journal

About