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Frequency doubling of second-Stokes in an acousto-optic Q-switched Nd:YVO4 cascaded self-Raman cavity is demonstrated to achieve a narrow pulse-width red laser. A three-stage bonded YVO4/Nd:YVO4/YVO4 crystal is designed by comprehensively considering the improvement of thermal effect, the performance of fundamental frequency laser and Raman conversion, to improve the Raman efficiency and output power. An LBO crystal cut for critical phase matching at room temperature is selected and used as a nonlinear optical crystal for realizing the frequency doubling of second- Stokes wave. Its phase matching angle (θ = 86.0°, φ = 0°) is very close to the non-critical phase matching angle and has a small walk-off angle, which is beneficial to the realizing of the high conversion efficiency of frequency doubling. In the experiment, the beam waist position of the pump light and the repetition frequency of the acousto-optic Q-switcher are optimized. Under an incident pump power of 14.2 W and a repetition frequency of 60 kHz, the highest average output power of 1.63 W and conversion efficiency of 11.5% are obtained for the 657 nm red laser emission. The pulse width of 657 nm red light is 11.5 ns at the maximum output power, which is much narrower than that generated by frequency doubling of ordinary neodymium-doped laser at a waveband of 1.3 μm. The result shows that the frequency doubling of the acousto-optic Q-switched Nd:YVO4 cascaded self-Ramanlaser can take advantage of the pulse-width compression characteristics of Raman process to achieve a narrower pulse-width red light laser output.
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Keywords:
- self-Raman /
- Nd:YVO4 crystal /
- red laser /
- acousto-optic Q-switch
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图 1 三段式键合YVO4/Nd:YVO4/YVO4晶体照片
Figure 1. An image of three-stage bonded YVO4/Nd:YVO4/YVO4 crystal.
图 2 Nd:YVO4晶体级联拉曼倍频红光激光实验装置示意图
Figure 2. Experimental arrangement offrequency doubling of Nd:YVO4 cascade Raman laser for red light emission.
图 3 在10.5 W入射抽运功率下优化后测量的二阶斯托克斯光及其倍频红光输出功率与入射抽运功率关系
Figure 3. Output power of 2 nd-Stokesand red lightversus incident pump power forthe laser system optimized at incident pump power of 10.5 W.
图 4 优化抽运光束腰位置后的红光输出功率曲线及最高输出功率下测量的激光谱线
Figure 4. Red light output power after optimizing of the pump beam focus position and laser spectra measured at the maximum output power.
图 5 倍频657 nm红光的脉冲波形和脉冲序列
Figure 5. Temporal pulse profile and pulse train of 657 nm red light.
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[1] Duan Y M, Sun Y L, Zhu H Y, Mao TW, Zhang L, Chen X 2020 Opt. Lett. 45 2564
Google Scholar
[2] 张蕴川, 樊莉, 魏晨飞, 顾晓敏, 任思贤 2018 物理学报 67 024206
Google Scholar
Zhang Y C, Fan L, Wei C F, Gu X M, Ren S X 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 024206
Google Scholar
[3] Liu Y, Liu Z J, Cong Z H, Men S J, Xia J B, Rao H, Zhang S S 2015 Chin. Phys. Lett. 32 124201
Google Scholar
[4] 程梦瑶, 段延敏, 孙瑛璐, 张立, 朱海永 2020 激光与光电子学进展 57 071611
Cheng M Y, Duan Y M, Sun Y L, Zhang L, Zhu H Y 2020 Laser & Optoelectronics Progress 57 071611
[5] Zhang L, Duan Y M, Mao X H, Li Z H, Chen Y X, Zhang Y J, Zhu H Y 2021 Opt. Mater. Express 111815
[6] Fan L, Zhao X D, Zhang Y C, Gu D X, Wan H P, Fan H B, Zhu J 2019 Chin. Phys. B. 28 084210
Google Scholar
[7] Kaminskii A A, Ueda K, Eichler H J, Kuwano Y, Kouta H, Bagaev S N, Chyba T H, Barnes J C, Gad G M A, Murai T, Lu J 2001 Opt. Commun. 194 201
Google Scholar
[8] Chen Y F 2004 Appl. Phys. B 78 685
Google Scholar
[9] Chen W D, Wei Y, Huang C H, Wang X L, Shen H Y, Zhai S Y, XuS, Li B X, Chen Z Q, Zhang G 2012 Opt. Lett. 37 1968
Google Scholar
[10] Zhu H Y, Guo J H, Ruan X K, Xu C W, Duan Y M, Zhang Y J, Tang D Y 2017 IEEE Photonics J. 9 1500807
[11] Xie Z, Duan Y M, Guo J H, Huang X H, Yan L F, Zhu H Y 2017 J. Opt. 19 115501
Google Scholar
[12] Huang H T, He J L, Zuo C H, Zhang B T, Dong X L, Zhao S 2008 Opt. Commun. 281 803
Google Scholar
[13] Qin W, Du C L, Ruan S C, Wang Y C 2007 Opt. Express. 15 1594
Google Scholar
[14] Li Z Y, Zhang B T, Yang J F, He J L, Huang H T, Zuo C H, Xu J L, Yang X Q, Zhao S 2010 Laser Phys. 20 761
Google Scholar
[15] Zhu H Y, Zhang G, Huang C H, Wei Y, Huang L X, Huang Y D 2009 Appl. Phys. 42 045108
[16] Zhou H Q, Bi X L, Zhu S Q, Li Z, Yin H, Zhang P X, Zhen Q C, Qi T L 2018 Opt. Quant. Electron. 50 56
Google Scholar
[17] Zhang Y X, Wang S, Alberto D L, Yu G L, Yu H H, Zhang H J, Mauro T, Xu X G, Wang J Y 2015 Chin. Phys. Lett. 32 054210
Google Scholar
[18] He M M, Chen S, Na Q X, Luo S J, Zhu H Y, Li Y, Xu C W, Fan D Y 2020 Chin. Opt. Lett. 18 011405
Google Scholar
[19] Zhang T, Zhou L B, Zou J Y, Bu Y K, Xu B, Xu X D, Xu J 2021 Opt. Laser. Technol. 139 106961
Google Scholar
[20] Zhang Y X, Yang Y L, Zhang L H, Lu D Z, Xu M, Hang Y, Yan S S, Yu H H, Zhang H J 2019 Chin. Opt. Lett. 17 071402
Google Scholar
[21] Frey R, Martino A D, Pradère F 1983 Opt. Lett. 8 437
Google Scholar
[22] Murray J T, Austin W L, Richard C, Powell 1999 Opt. Mater. 11 353
Google Scholar
[23] Lee A J, Jipeng L, Pask H M 2010 Opt. Lett. 35 3000
Google Scholar
[24] 俞叶, 段延敏, 郭俊宏, 张栋, 陈思梦, 廖小青, 朱海永 2017 中国激光 44 0701007
Google Scholar
Yu Y, Duan Y M, Guo J H, Zhang D, Chen S M, Liao X Q, Zhu H Y 2017 Chin. J. Lasers 44 0701007
Google Scholar
[25] 孙瑛璐, 段延敏, 程梦瑶, 袁先漳, 张立, 张栋, 朱海永 2020 物理学报 69 124201
Google Scholar
SunYL, Duan Y M, Cheng M Y, Yuan X Z, Zhang L, Zhang D, Zhu H Y 2020 Acta Phys. Sin. 69 124201
Google Scholar
[26] Guo J, ZhuH Y, ChenS M, DuanY M, XuX R, XuC W, TangD Y 2018 Laser Phys. Lett. 15 075803
Google Scholar
[27] Zhu H Y, Duan Y M, Zhang G, Huang C H, Wei Y, Shen H Y, Zheng Y Q, Huang L X, Chen Z Q 2009 Opt. Express 17 21544
Google Scholar
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