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The electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) neutralizer is an important part of the micro ECR ion thruster. The electrons extracted from the neutralizer are used to neutralize the ions extracted from the ECR ion source, thereby avoiding the surface charges accumulating on the spacecraft, and the behaviour of electron extraction affects the overall performance of the thruster. In order to investigate the electron extraction through the orifices of the micro ECR neutralizer, a two-dimensional particle-in-cell with Monte Carlo collision (PIC/MCC) model is established in this work. The effects of different magnetic circuits on the electron extraction of the neutralizer and the influence of different cavity lengths on the wall current loss are studied through numerical simulation. The effects of different magnetic circuit structures on the electron extraction and wall current loss of the neutralizer are studied. The calculation results show that the position of the ECR layer and the magnetic flux lines near the extraction orifices are very important for the electron extraction performance of the neutralizer. When the ECR layer is located upstream of the antenna, electrons are easily lost in migration and diffusion motion, and the energy required for the electrons to cross the potential well before the extraction hole is higher. If more magnetic flux lines pass parallelly through the extraction orifices, the neutralizer requires a small voltage to extract the same electron current. When the ECR layer is cut by the antenna or is located downstream of antenna, more electrons may migrate along the magnetic flux lines to the vicinity of the extraction orifices, thereby reducing the voltage of collector plate. The effects of different cavity lengths on the extraction of electrons under the same magnetic circuit structure are studied. It is found that increasing the length of the cavity allows more parallel-axis magnetic flux lines to pass through the extraction holes to avoid electron loss on the surface of the extraction plate, and thus increasing the extraction electron current. The research results conduce to designing a reasonable neutralizer magnetic circuit and cavity size.
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Keywords:
- electron cyclotron resonance neutralizer /
- particle-in-cell with Monte Carlo collision simulation /
- magnetic circuit
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
Xia X, Yang J, Fu Y L, Wu X M, Geng H, Hu Z 2021 Acta Phys. Sin. 70 075204
Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
[11] Masui H, Tashiro Y, Yamamoto N, Nakashima H, Funaki I 2006 Trans. Jpn. Soc. Aeronaut. Space Sci. 49 87
Google Scholar
[12] 孟海波, 杨涓, 朱康武, 朱康武, 孙俊, 黄益智, 金逸舟, 刘宪闯 2018 西北工业大学学报 36 42
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Zhang F, Liu J, Chen B S, Zhong W X 2015 J. Dalian Univ. Technol. 55 449 (in Chinese)
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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图 1 微型ECR中和器结构
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the miniature ECR neutralizer
图 2 电势边界条件
Figure 2. Distribution of potential boundary condition
图 3 计算流程
Figure 3. Flow chart of calculation.
图 4 不同磁路下磁场分布 (a)结构1; (b)结构2; (c)结构3
Figure 4. Distributions of magnetic flux density: (a) Structure 1; (b) structure 2; (c) structure 3.
图 5 15 μs时不同磁路结构下电子密度分布结果 (a) 结构1; (b) 结构2; (c) 结构3
Figure 5. Electron density distribution for different magnetic circuits at 15 μs: (a) Structure 1; (b) structure 2; (c) structure 3.
图 6 15 μs时不同磁路结构下电势分布结果 (a) 结构1; (b) 结构2; (c) 结构3
Figure 6. Potential distribution for different magnetic circuits at 15 μs: (a) Structure 1; (b) structure 2; (c) structure 3.
图 7 结构2(L1 = 3.9 mm)的模拟与实验结果对比
Figure 7. Simulation and experimental results of structure 2 (L1 = 3.9 mm).
图 8 15 μs时结构2(L1 = 4.3 mm)的模拟结果 (a) 电子密度; (b) 电势
Figure 8. Simulation results for structure 2 (L1 = 4.3 mm) at 15 μs: (a) Electron density; (b) potential.
图 9 r = 5 mm, 不同结构下引出板孔中心轴线电势分布
Figure 9. The potential distribution of the central axis (at r = 5 mm) of the orifice plate with different structures.
图 10 结构2不同腔体下孔板各表面上的电子电流密度
Figure 10. The electron current density on different surfaces of the orifice plate for neutralizer of structure 2 at the different cavities.
表 1 磁路几何参数
Table 1. Geometric parameters of magnetic circuits
H1/mm W1/mm H2/mm W2/mm 结构1 5.4 2 5.4 1.65 结构2 5.6 2.7 5.8 1.8 结构3 5.8 3 5.6 1.8 
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表 2 不同磁路下中和器引出束流的模拟结果与实验结果
Table 2. Simulation and experiment results of different magnetic circuits.
收集板
电压φ/V实验结果Ie/mA 模拟结果Ie/mA 电流相对
误差结构1 44 1.0 1.11 11% 结构2 15 1.0 1.14 14% 结构3 24 1.0 1.08 8%
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[1] Koizumi H, Kuninaka H 2010 J. Propul. Power 26 601
Google Scholar
[2] Wen J M, Peng S X, Ren H T, Zhang T, Zhang J F, Wu W B, Sun J, Guo Z Y, Chen J E 2018 Chin. Phys. B 27 055204
Google Scholar
[3] Koizumi H, Komurasaki K, Aoyama J, Yamaguchi K 2014 Trans. JSASS Aerospace Technol. Jpn. 12 19
[4] Koizumi H, Kawahara H, Yaginuma K, Asakawa J, Nakagawa Y, Nakagawa Y, Kojima S, Matsuguma T, Funase R, Nakatsuka J, Komurasaki K 2016 Trans. JSASS Aerospace Technol. Jpn. 14 13
[5] 金逸舟, 杨涓, 冯冰冰, 罗立涛, 汤明杰 2016 物理学报 65 045201
Google Scholar
Jin Y Z, Yang J, Feng B B, Luo L T, Tang M J 2016 Acta Phys. Sin. 65 045201
Google Scholar
[6] Jin Y Z, Yang J, Tang M J, Luo L T, Feng B B 2016 Plasma Sci. Technol. 18 744
Google Scholar
[7] 夏旭, 杨涓, 金逸舟, 杭观荣, 付瑜亮, 胡展 2019 物理学报 68 235202
Google Scholar
Xia X, Yang J, Jin Y Z, Hang G R, Fu Y L, Hu Z 2019 Acta Phys. Sin. 68 235202
Google Scholar
[8] Xia X, Yang J, Jin Y Z, Hang G R, Fu Y L, Hu Z 2020 Vacuum 179 109517
Google Scholar
[9] 夏旭, 杨涓, 付瑜亮, 吴先明, 耿海, 胡展 2021 物理学报 70 075204
Google Scholar
Xia X, Yang J, Fu Y L, Wu X M, Geng H, Hu Z 2021 Acta Phys. Sin. 70 075204
Google Scholar
[10] Ohmichi W, Kuninaka H 2014 J. Propul. Power 30 1368
Google Scholar
[11] Masui H, Tashiro Y, Yamamoto N, Nakashima H, Funaki I 2006 Trans. Jpn. Soc. Aeronaut. Space Sci. 49 87
Google Scholar
[12] 孟海波, 杨涓, 朱康武, 朱康武, 孙俊, 黄益智, 金逸舟, 刘宪闯 2018 西北工业大学学报 36 42
Google Scholar
Meng H B, Yang J, Zhu K W, Sun J, Huang Y Z, Jin Y Z, Liu X C 2018 J. Northwestern Polytech. Univ. 36 42
Google Scholar
[13] Hiramoto K, Nakagawa Y, Koizumi H, Komurasaki K, Takao Y 2016 Proceedings of 52nd AIAA/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference & Exhibit Salt Lake City, U. S. A., July 25–27, 2016 p4946
[14] Takao Y, Koizumi H, Kasagi Y, Komurasaki K 2016 Trans. JSASS Aerospace Technol. Jpn. 14 41
[15] Sato Y, Koizumi H, Nakano M, Takao Y 2019 J. Appl. Phys. 126 243302
Google Scholar
[16] Takao Y, Koizumi H, Komurasaki K, Eriguchi K, Ono K 2014 Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 23 064004
Google Scholar
[17] 汤明杰, 杨涓, 冯冰冰, 金逸舟, 罗立涛 2015 推进技术 36 1741
Google Scholar
Tang M J, Yang J, Feng B B, Jin Y Z, Luo L T 2015 J. Propul. Technol. 36 1741
Google Scholar
[18] Demmel J W, Gilbert J R, Li X S 1999 SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl. 20 915
Google Scholar
[19] 张帆, 刘君, 陈飙松, 钟万勰 大连理工大学学报 55 449
Zhang F, Liu J, Chen B S, Zhong W X 2015 J. Dalian Univ. Technol. 55 449 (in Chinese)
[20] Cross Sections Extracted from Program Magboltz, Version 8.97 retrieved on March 6, 2020
[21] Nanbu K 2000 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 28 971
Google Scholar
[22] Szabo J 2001 Ph. D. Dissertation (Massachusetts: Institute of Technology)
[23] Dey I, Toyoda Y, Yamamoto N, Nakashima H 2015 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 86 1868
[24] Fu Y L, Yang J, Jin Y Z, Xia X, Meng H B 2019 Acta Astronaut. 164 387
Google Scholar
[25] Chen F F 1974 Introduction to Plasma Physics (New York: Springer Science+Business Media) pp139–180
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