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Based on the ray-tracing model, a new method of achieving a high gain and high aperture efficiency Fabry-Perot antenna with metamaterial-based corner reflector is proposed. The proposed Fabry-Perot antenna is composed of a dual circularly polarized patch antenna feed and the metamaterial-based corner reflector. The metamaterial-based corner reflector consists of four phase correction metasurfaces and a partially reflective surface. First, theory and analysis of the Fabry-Perot antenna with metamaterial-based corner reflector are presented. Then, the performances of the dual circularly polarized antenna feed, the traditional Fabry-Perot antenna, and the Fabry-Perot antenna with metamaterial-based corner reflector are compared among each other and analyzed. Finally, the proposed Fabry-Perot antenna is fabricated and measured. The measured left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) gain and the measured right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) gain of the proposed Fabry-Perot antenna are 21.4 dBi and 21.3 dBi, respectively. Comparing with the antenna feed, the LHCP gain and RHCP gain of the proposed Fabry-Perot antenna are enhanced by 16.4 dB and 16.3 dB, respectively. Compared with the traditional Fabry-Perot antenna, the metamaterial-based corner reflector acts as both a reflection surface and a phase correction surface. It manipulates the propagation direction and phase of electromagnetic wave. The proposed Fabry-Perot antenna with high gain, high aperture efficiency and low sidelobe at 2.8 GHz paves the way for developing the solar radio telescope and conducting the observation.
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Keywords:
- metamaterial-based corner reflector /
- Fabry-Perot antenna /
- high gain /
- high aperture efficiency /
- solar radio telescope
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图 1 传统F-P天线剖面图
Figure 1. Sectional view of the traditional F-P antenna.
图 2 基于超材料角反射面的F-P天线原理图
Figure 2. Principle of the F-P antenna with metamaterial-based corner reflector.
图 3 所设计F-P天线3维结构图
Figure 3. Exploded view of the designed F-P antenna.
图 4 贴片天线馈源结构图
Figure 4. The geometry of the patch antenna feed.
图 5 贴片天线馈源轴比和增益
Figure 5. Simulated axial ratio and gain of the antenna feed.
图 6 PRS单元结构
Figure 6. The PRS unit structure.
图 7 PRS单元和介质基板的反射系数
Figure 7. Reflection coefficient of the PRS unit and substrate.
图 8 两种F-P天线结构 (a) 天线A; (b) 天线B
Figure 8. Two F-P antenna structures: (a) Antenna A; (b) antenna B.
图 9 天线A和天线B增益与PRS单元个数关系
Figure 9. Simulated gain of antenna A and antenna B with different PRS units.
图 10 基于超材料角反射面F-P天线的中心剖面图
Figure 10. Sectional view of the F-P antenna with metamaterial-based corner reflector.
图 11 PCM和AMC单元 (a) PCM正面和反面; (b) AMC单元
Figure 11. The proposed PCM and the AMC unit: (a) Front and bottom of PCM; (b) AMC unit.
图 12 优化前和优化后AMC单元反射相位
Figure 12. Reflection phase of the AMC unit before and after optimization.
图 13 所设计天线和天线B增益和口径效率对比
Figure 13. Gain and aperture efficiency of the proposed F-P antenna and antenna B.
图 14 电场分布图 (a)天线B; (b)所设计F-P天线
Figure 14. Electric field distributions: (a) Antenna B; (b) the proposed F-P antenna.
图 15 F-P天线实物及暗室测试环境
Figure 15. The fabricated F-P antenna and measurements in microwave anechoic chamber.
图 16 天线轴比和增益 (a) 左旋圆极化; (b) 右旋圆极化
Figure 16. Axial ratio and gain: (a) Left-hand circular polarization; (b) right-hand circular polarization.
图 17 天线方向图 (a) 左旋圆极化方向图; (b) 右旋圆极化方向图
Figure 17. Radiation patterns: (a) Left-hand circular polarization; (b) right-hand circular polarization.
表 1 天线参数
Table 1. Parameters of the proposed antenna.
参数 数值/mm 参数 数值/mm 参数 数值/mm $l_{1} $ 588 $w_{1} $ 34 h 57 $l_{2} $ 100 $w_{2} $ 35.976 $h_{1} $ 1.524 $l_{3} $ 24.7 $w_{3} $ 40 $h_{2} $ 1.524 $l_{4} $ 25.2 $w_{4} $ 38 $h_{3} $ 1.524 $l_{5} $ 43.5 $w_{5} $ 28.5 $h_{4} $ 1.524 $l_{6} $ 16.4 $w_{6} $ 26.1 $h_{5}$ 57 $l_{7} $ 33 $w_{7} $ 3.3 $l_{13} $ 584.952 $l_{8} $ 18.3 $w_{8} $ 5.6 $l_{12} $ 5.2 $l_9 $ 15.8 $l_{10} $ 16.4 $l_{11 }$ 5.6 
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表 2 增益高于19 dBi的相关F-P天线对比
Table 2. Comparisons of F-P antennas with the realized gain higher than 19 dBi.
DownLoad: CSV
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[1] Deminov M G, Deminova G F 2020 Geomag. Aeron. 60 606
Google Scholar
[2] Sun Z X, Wang J Q, Yu L F, Gou W, Wang G L 2021 Res. Astron. Astrophys. 21 105
Google Scholar
[3] Zhang X G, Jiang W X, Jiang H L, Wang Q, Tian H W, Bai L, Luo Z J, Sun S, Luo Y, Qiu C W, Cui T J 2020 Nat. Electron. 3 165
Google Scholar
[4] 王超, 李勇峰, 沈杨, 丰茂昌, 王甲富, 马华, 张介秋, 屈绍波 2018 物理学报 67 204101
Google Scholar
Wang C, Li Y F, Shen Y, Feng M C, Wang J F, Ma H, Zhang J Q, Qu S B 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 204101
Google Scholar
[5] 马晓亮, 李雄, 郭迎辉, 赵泽宇, 罗先刚 2017 物理学报 66 147802
Google Scholar
Ma X L, Li X, Guo Y H, Zhao Z Y, Luo X G 2017 Acta Phys. Sin. 66 147802
Google Scholar
[6] Zhu S S, Liu H W, Wen P 2019 IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 67 1952
Google Scholar
[7] Ge Y, Sun Z, Chen Z, Chen Y 2016 IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett. 15 1889
Google Scholar
[8] 郝彪, 杨宾锋, 高军, 曹祥玉, 杨欢欢, 李桐 2020 物理学报 69 244101
Google Scholar
Hao B, Yang B F, Gao J, Cao X Y, Yang H H, Li T 2020 Acta Phys. Sin. 69 244101
Google Scholar
[9] Zhu S S, Liu H W, Chen Z J 2021 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 54 28LT02
Google Scholar
[10] 郭泽旭, 曹祥玉, 高军, 李思佳, 杨欢欢, 郝彪 2020 物理学报 69 234102
Google Scholar
Guo Z X, Cao X Y, Gao J, Li S J, Yang H H, Hao B 2020 Acta Phys. Sin. 69 234102
Google Scholar
[11] Liu Z, Liu S, Zhao X, Kong X, Huang Z, Bian B 2020 IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. 68 6497
Google Scholar
[12] Almutawa A T, Hosseini A, Jackson D R, Capolino F 2019 IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. 67 5163
Google Scholar
[13] Lu Y F, Lin Y C 2013 IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 61 5395
Google Scholar
[14] Foroozesh A, Shafai L 2010 IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. 58 258
Google Scholar
[15] Singh A K, Abegaonkar M P, Koul S K 2017 IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett. 16 2388
Google Scholar
[16] Al A Y, Kishk A A 2020 IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. 19 1920
Google Scholar
[17] Zhou L, Duan X, Luo Z J, Zhou Y H, Chen X 2020 IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. 68 7601
Google Scholar
[18] Guo Q, Wong H 2020 IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. 68 564
Google Scholar
[19] Zhou L, Chen X, Duan X 2018 IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. 66 2061
Google Scholar
[20] Xie P, Wang G G, Zou X J, Zong B F 2021 IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. 69 6965
Google Scholar
[21] Amiri M A, Balanis C A, Birtcher C R, Barber G C 2020 IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. 68 7208
Google Scholar
[22] Foroozesh A, Shafai L 2011 IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. 59 4
Google Scholar
[23] Guo Q Y, Lin Q W, Wong H 2021 IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. 69 1179
Google Scholar
[24] Orr R, Goussetis G, Fusco V 2014 IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. 62 19
Google Scholar
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