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Thermal convection in conducting fluids under the influence of a magnetic field is currently a hot topic of research.In this study,a high-accuracy and high-precision numerical method was used to directly simulate the double-diffusive convection of liquid metal in a two-dimensional cavity.The study investigates the effects of magnetic field strength (Ha),Prandtl number (Pr),Lewis number (Le),and aspect ratio on the dynamics of flow and heat/mass transfer under both horizontal and vertical magnetic fields.The study considers a range of magnetic field intensities from 0 to 100,Prandtl numbers from 0.01 to 1,Lewis numbers varying from 1 to 100,and aspect ratios ranging from 1 to 12.Within these specified parameter ranges,the research compares the outcomes under conditions of no magnetic field (Ha=0),weak magnetic field (Ha=10),and strong magnetic field (Ha=50).The results show that the magnetic field primarily suppresses flow and heat and mass transfer.Under the same strength of the magnetic field,the horizontal magnetic field has a greater suppressing effect than the vertical magnetic field.However,in case of weak and strong magnetic fields,their effects on heat and mass transfer are similar.Regardless of the orientation and strength of the magnetic field,the efficiency of heat and mass transfer always increases with the increase of the Prandtl number.Applying a magnetic field reduces the increase in heat and mass transfer,and when the magnetic field strength reaches a certain level,the Lorentz force predominates,making the influence of the Prandtl number on heat and mass transfer very small.In the presence of a magnetic field,a bifurcation phenomenon is observed around Pr=0.9.Additionally,as the Lewis number increases,the flow transitions from steady flow to periodic flow,and the impact on mass transfer efficiency becomes more significant.For example,under a horizontal magnetic field,the mass transfer efficiency at the maximum Lewis number is about six times that at the minimum Lewis number.Similarly,under a weak vertical magnetic field,the mass transfer efficiency is about nine times higher.The impact of Lewis number on heat transfer efficiency is relatively minor.Within the range of considered aspect ratios,the heat and mass transfer efficiency exhibit oscillatory behavior under no magnetic field and weak magnetic field as the aspect ratio increases.However,the heat and mass transfer efficiency under a strong magnetic field is less affected by the aspect ratio.For flows with the same number of vortices,lower aspect ratios lead to stronger heat and mass transfer.
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Keywords:
- double-diffusive convection /
- high-accuracy /
- magnetic fluid /
- direct numerical simulation
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