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In the measurement of pulsed neutrons in the MeV energy range, plastic scintillators are one of the most widely used materials, and their neutron energy spectrum response is the key data required for pulsed neutron energy spectrum measurement. Base on the time of flight (TOF) method, the neutron energy spectrum response of ST401 plastic scintillator with 5 different thicknesses from 0.5 to 10 mm were measured for the 0.5 to 100 MeV energy range on the white neutron source (WNS) beamline of the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS). The effects of in-beam gamma rays, the slow component of scintillators produced by the gamma flash and the pulse width of the neutron source on the measurement of neutron spectrum response were analyzed. Due to the boundary effect of the finite volume of the scintillator, the neutron energy spectrum response curves of ST401 with different thicknesses are approximately logarithmic, and proton escape is the main reason for the deviation of the curve from linearity. The thicker the scintillator, the higher neutron energy that deviates from linearity.
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图 1 闪烁体中子能谱响应测量布局示意图
Figure 1. Sketch of measuring the neutron spectrum response of a scintillator on WNS of CSNS.
图 2 闪烁体能谱响应测量波形
Figure 2. Typical waveforms measured in our experiments.
图 3 束内伽马对塑料闪烁体中子能谱响应测量的影响
Figure 3. Influence of in-beam gamma on plastic scintillators’ neutron spectrum response measurements.
图 4 ST401闪烁体慢成分测量结果
Figure 4. Measured slow component of a ST401 scintillator.
图 5 伽马峰后不同时刻到达闪烁体处中子能谱 (a)伽马峰后1268.7 ns; (b) 伽马峰后1890.4 ns; (c) 伽马峰后3326.2 ns; (d) 伽马峰后5404.3 ns
Figure 5. The neutron spectrum at the scintillator at different time intervals after the γ flash peak: (a) 1268.7 ns; (b) 1890.4 ns; (c) 3326.2 ns; (d) 5404.3 ns.
图 6 白光中子源能谱 (0.5—200 MeV)
Figure 6. The neutron spectrum of WNS (0.5–200 MeV).
图 7 不同厚度塑料ST401中子能谱响应 (a) 线性坐标, (b) 对数坐标
Figure 7. The neutron spectrum responses of ST401 scintillators with different thicknesses: (a) Linear coordinates; (b) logarithmic coordinates.
图 8 中子能量0.01—100 MeV的n-p和n-C作用截面曲线
Figure 8. n-p and n-C cross sections from 0.01 to 100 MeV.
图 9 塑料闪烁体对不同种类粒子的光响应函数
Figure 9. Light response function of plastic scintillators to different particles.
图 10 0.01—100 MeV质子(中子)在塑料闪烁体中的平均射程(迁移长度) (a) 对数坐标; (b) (a)图中蓝色虚线方框内曲线在线性坐标下的放大展示
Figure 10. The average range (migration length) of 0.01–100 MeV protons (neutrons) in plastic scintillators: (a) Range and migration length in logarithmic coordinates; (b) enlargement of the curves in the blue square in (a).
图 11 10, 5, 2和1 mm与0.5 mm塑料闪烁体中子灵敏度的比值
Figure 11. The ratios of 10, 5, 2 and 1 mm-thick plastic scintillators’ neutron sensitivities to 0.5 mm.
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