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A physical model for the electromagnetic scattering of layered media is established. Radar equation and Snell's law are adopted to calculate the electromagnetic scattering field of multiple layer media. The effects of the electrical properties of the layer, i.e., permittivity and loss tangent on the detection range of the radar system and scattering field are studied. The vehicle-mounted ground penetrating radar (GPR) for the exploration of lunar subsurface is taken as the background. The finite difference time domain method is used to model and calculate the whole vehicle-mounted GPR, and the intensity of the scattering echoes is studied. The simulation results are compared with the theoretical results, and they are found to be in good agreement with each other. Finally some analyses of the results are presented.
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Keywords:
- vehicle-mounted ground penetrating radar /
- layered media /
- scattering properties /
- electrical characteristic parameters
[1] Kobayashi T, Lee S R, Ping J S 2012 Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar Shanghai, June 4-8, 2012 p919
[2] Gall A L, Reineix A, Ciarletti V, Berthelier J J, Ney R, Dolon F, Corbel C 2006 J. Geophys. Res. 111 1
[3] Picardi G, Biccari D, Seu R, Marinangeli L, Johnson W T K, Jordan R L, Plaut J, Safaenili A, Gurnett D A, Ori G G, Orosei R, Calabrese D, Zampolini E 2004 Planetary and Space Science 52 149
[4] Kobayashi T, Oya H, Ono T 2002 Earth Planets Space 54 973
[5] Zhang Y, Zhang X J, Fang G Y 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 184203 (in Chinese) [张宇, 张晓娟, 方广有 2012 物理学报 61 184203]
[6] Zhang Y, Zhang X J, Fang G Y 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 044204 (in Chinese) [张宇, 张晓娟, 方广有 2013 物理学报 62 044204]
[7] Ney R, Bonaime S, Dolon F, Nevejans D, Clairquin R, Duvanaud C, Martinat B, Berthelier J J, Ciarletti V 2003 Ninth International Conference on HF Radio Systems and Techniques UK, June 23-26, 2003 p282
[8] Ciarletti V, Corbel C, Plettemeier D, Cais P, Clifford S M, Hamran S E 2011 Proc. IEEE 99 824
[9] Plettemeier D, Balling S, Benedix W S, Ciarletti V, Hamran S E, Corbel C, Linke S 2009 IEEE EUROCON 2009 Russia, May 18-23, 2009 p1557
[10] Hamadi A, Guiffaut C, Reineix A, Ciarletti V, Plettermeier D 2010 Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium 2010 IEEE Canada, July 11-17, 2010 p1
[11] Ge D B, Yan Y B 2011 Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method for Electromagnetic Waves (3rd Ed.) (Xian: Xidian University Publishing House) p1 (in Chinese) [葛德彪, 闫玉波 2011 电磁波时域有限差分方法 (第三版) (西安: 西安电子科技大学出版社) 第1页]
[12] Wu T T, King R W P 1965 IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 13 369
[13] Heiken G H, Vaniman D T, French B M 1991 Lunar Sourcebook: A User's Guide to the Moon (New York: Cambridge University Press) pp27-34
[14] Shkuratov Y G, Bondarenko N V 2001 Icarus 149 329
[15] Shkuratov Y G, Kaydash V G, Opanasenko N V 1999 Icarus 137 222
[16] Ouyang Z Y 2005 Introduction to Lunar Science (Beijing: China Astronautic Publishing House) pp56-65 (in Chinese) [欧阳自远 2005 月球科学概论 (北京: 中国宇航出版社) 第56–65页]
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[1] Kobayashi T, Lee S R, Ping J S 2012 Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar Shanghai, June 4-8, 2012 p919
[2] Gall A L, Reineix A, Ciarletti V, Berthelier J J, Ney R, Dolon F, Corbel C 2006 J. Geophys. Res. 111 1
[3] Picardi G, Biccari D, Seu R, Marinangeli L, Johnson W T K, Jordan R L, Plaut J, Safaenili A, Gurnett D A, Ori G G, Orosei R, Calabrese D, Zampolini E 2004 Planetary and Space Science 52 149
[4] Kobayashi T, Oya H, Ono T 2002 Earth Planets Space 54 973
[5] Zhang Y, Zhang X J, Fang G Y 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 184203 (in Chinese) [张宇, 张晓娟, 方广有 2012 物理学报 61 184203]
[6] Zhang Y, Zhang X J, Fang G Y 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 044204 (in Chinese) [张宇, 张晓娟, 方广有 2013 物理学报 62 044204]
[7] Ney R, Bonaime S, Dolon F, Nevejans D, Clairquin R, Duvanaud C, Martinat B, Berthelier J J, Ciarletti V 2003 Ninth International Conference on HF Radio Systems and Techniques UK, June 23-26, 2003 p282
[8] Ciarletti V, Corbel C, Plettemeier D, Cais P, Clifford S M, Hamran S E 2011 Proc. IEEE 99 824
[9] Plettemeier D, Balling S, Benedix W S, Ciarletti V, Hamran S E, Corbel C, Linke S 2009 IEEE EUROCON 2009 Russia, May 18-23, 2009 p1557
[10] Hamadi A, Guiffaut C, Reineix A, Ciarletti V, Plettermeier D 2010 Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium 2010 IEEE Canada, July 11-17, 2010 p1
[11] Ge D B, Yan Y B 2011 Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method for Electromagnetic Waves (3rd Ed.) (Xian: Xidian University Publishing House) p1 (in Chinese) [葛德彪, 闫玉波 2011 电磁波时域有限差分方法 (第三版) (西安: 西安电子科技大学出版社) 第1页]
[12] Wu T T, King R W P 1965 IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 13 369
[13] Heiken G H, Vaniman D T, French B M 1991 Lunar Sourcebook: A User's Guide to the Moon (New York: Cambridge University Press) pp27-34
[14] Shkuratov Y G, Bondarenko N V 2001 Icarus 149 329
[15] Shkuratov Y G, Kaydash V G, Opanasenko N V 1999 Icarus 137 222
[16] Ouyang Z Y 2005 Introduction to Lunar Science (Beijing: China Astronautic Publishing House) pp56-65 (in Chinese) [欧阳自远 2005 月球科学概论 (北京: 中国宇航出版社) 第56–65页]
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