Barium titanate dielectric regulation improved output performance of paper-based triboelectric nanogenerator

Liang Shuai-Bo; Yuan Tao; Qiu Yang; Zhang Zhen; Miao Ya-Ning; Han Jing-Feng; Liu Xiu-Tong; Yao Chun-Li

doi:10.7498/aps.71.20212022

Abstract

As a new energy conversion device that can convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, triboelectric nanogenerator has attracted extensive attention since its invention. However, its environmental performance is limited because the raw materials are mostly synthetic polymer materials. Using green and environmentally friendly cellulose materials to prepare triboelectric nanogenerators is one of the important ways to solve the above problems. In this study, cellulose/barium titanate composite paper is prepared by using bamboo cellulose and barium carbonate (BaTiO₃) as raw materials and combining wet papermaking and doping modification. The paper based triboelectric nanogenerator (C/BT-TENG) is constructed by using the cellulose/barium titanate composite paper as a positive friction layer. The results show that the addition of BaTiO₃ significantly improves the relative dielectric constant of the composite paper, and the output performance of C/BT-TENG increases with the augment of BaTiO₃ doping amount. When the doping amount is 4%, the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current of C/BT-TENG reach the maximum values of 118.5 V and 13.51 µA, respectively, which are 51.3% and 41.2% higher than when pure cellulose paper is used as the positive friction layer. The mechanism of dielectric regulation to improve the C/BT-TENG output performance is analyzed by the modeling method. In addition, the C/BT-TENG has a good output performance and operation stability. When the load resistance is 5 MΩ, the maximum output power density of C/BT-TENG reaches 0.36 W/m², simplying a good application prospect.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China

Corresponding author: Yao Chun-Li, chunliyao2006@163.com

Funds: Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFD0600804), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31470605) and the Project 948 of State Forestry Administration, China (Grant No. 20140436).

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References

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Cited By

图 1 (a)竹材多级结构示意图; (b) C/BT复合纸制备流程示意图; (c) C/BT-TENG结构示意图

Figure 1. (a) Diagram of hierarchical structure of bamboo; (b) schematic illustration of the preparation of C/BT composite paper; (c) structure diagram of C/BT-TENG.

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图 2 (a) C/BT-4复合纸表面SEM图; (b) BaTiO₃与纤维之间的氢键示意图; C/BT-4复合纸表面(c) Ti元素和(d) Ba元素的EDS能谱图

Figure 2. (a) The surface SEM image of C/BT-4 composite paper; (b) diagram of hydrogen bond between BaTiO₃ and fiber; EDS spectrum of (c) Ti and (d) Ba on C/BT-4 composite paper surface.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 3 (a) PTFE表面SEM图(右上角插图为其光学照片); (b) PTFE的红外光谱图; (c) BaTiO₃颗粒的SEM图(右上角插图为其光学照片); (d) BaTiO₃的X射线衍射图

Figure 3. (a) The surface SEM image of PTFE (The illustration in the upper right corner is its optical photo); (b) the infrared spectrogram of PTFE; (c) the SEM image of BaTiO₃ particles (The illustration in the upper right corner is its optical photo); (d) X-ray diffraction pattern of BaTiO₃.

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图 4 不同BaTiO₃含量C/BT复合纸的应力-应变曲线

Figure 4. Tensile stress-strain curves of C/BT composite paper with different BaTiO₃ content.

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图 5 不同BaTiO₃含量C/BT复合纸作为正极摩擦层的C/BT-TENG的(a)开路电压和(b)短路电流; 不同BaTiO₃含量C/BT复合纸的(c)相对介电常数和(d)介电损耗角正切随频率的变化情况

Figure 5. (a) Open circuit voltage and (b) short circuit current of C/BT-TENG with C/BT composite paper with different BaTiO₃ content as the positive friction layer; frequency dependence of (c) dielectric constant and (d) dielectric loss tangent of C/BT composite paper with different BaTiO₃ content.

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图 6 (a) 400倍和(b) 4000倍下C/BT-5复合纸表面SEM图; C/BT-5复合纸表面(c) Ti元素和(d) Ba元素的EDS能谱图

Figure 6. The surface SEM image of (a) low and (b) high magnification showing the C/BT-5 composite paper surface; EDS spectrum of (c) Ti and (d) Ba on C/BT-5 composite paper surface.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 7 C/BT-TENG的等效电路模型

Figure 7. Schematic diagram and an equivalent circuit model of the C/BT-TENG.

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图 8 C/BT-TENG在不同大小外力下的(a)开路电压和(b)短路电流; (c) C/BT-TENG的开路电压与外力大小的线性拟合; (d) C/BT-TENG在5000次连续循环工作过程中的输出电压

Figure 8. (a) Open circuit voltage and (b) short circuit current of C/BT-TENG under different external forces; (c) linear fit between open circuit voltage of C/BT-TENG and external force; (d) the output voltage of C/BT-TENG during 5000 continuous cycles.

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图 9 C/BT-TENG在不同外接负载电阻下的(a)输出电压-电流和(b)输出功率

Figure 9. (a) Output voltage-current and (b) output power of C/BT-TENG with external resistances.

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图 10 C/BT-TENG的工作机理示意图

Figure 10. The schematic illustration showing the working mechanism of the C/BT-TENG.

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