Recent progress of tunable terahertz sources based on difference frequency generation

Chai Lu; Niu Yue; Li Yan-Feng; Hu Ming-Lie; Wang Qing-Yue

doi:10.7498/aps.65.070702

Abstract

Terahertz technology has been developed rapidly in the past 30 years. Numerous applications in medicine, biology, agriculture, materials, security, communication and astronomy have been demonstrated. Terahertz sources can be divided into narrowband (monochromatic) source and broadband source according to their spectral characteristics. From a spectral perspective, coherent broadband and narrowband terahertz sources are mutually complementary, each having its own characteristics and scope of applications. Broadband terahertz sources can be used for quick access to the hybrid spectra of rotational and vibrational molecular fingerprints or imaging in a wider spectral range. Narrowband terahertz source with good spectral resolution and sensitivity, is suitable for pump-probe, fine structure resolution of molecular fingerprints and terahertz remote detection and imaging. Therefore, developing the tunable high peak power and narrowband terahertz sources is very important for the applications in the detection and identification of molecular fingerprints. The difference frequency generation is one of the most important techniques for obtaining widely tunable, high power and narrowband terahertz sources. In this review, the recent progress of tunable terahertz sources based on the difference frequency generation in the last five years is reviewed, including the two fields of optical laser-based difference frequency sources and quantum cascade laser-based difference frequency sources. For the former class, the experimental results from reports with different difference frequency sources and several typical nonlinear crystals are classified, and the corresponding experimental techniques and results are introduced. For terahertz wave generation, different optical difference frequency sources by a dual-wavelength laser, double laser, a laser and an optical parametric oscillator (OPO), the signal and idler waves of an OPO, and double OPOs are demonstrated in increasing their tunabilities. Significant progress has been made in the nonlinear crystals used to generate terahertz wave by the difference frequency process, for example, by improving the property of inorganic crystals with ion doping, taking advantage of waveguide and PPLN structures, and especially developing novel nonlinear organic crystals. For the quantum cascade laser-based difference frequency sources, the latest advances in the techniques of difference frequency generation and wavelength tunability are presented. GaAs-based terahertz quantum cascade lasers are powerful semiconductor THz sources but cryogenic cooling is still a necessity. Recently, difference frequency generation was combined with the mid-infrared quantum cascade laser technology, thus becoming a leading room temperature semiconductor source in the terahertz range. To improve the frequency tuning range in the difference frequency terahertz quantum cascade laser, wavelength tuning techniques of the inner cavity and the external cavity have been developed. The difference frequency generation quantum cascade terahertz laser source has been the only technique workable at room temperature for the quantum cascade laser so far, which opens the door for developing the compact and widely tunable room temperature terahertz sources.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
Ultrafast Laser Laboratory, College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronics Information and Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300072, China

Corresponding author: Chai Lu, lu_chai@tju.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant Nos. 2011CB808101, 2014CB339800), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61377041, 61377047, 61322502), and the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University, China (Grant No. IRT13033).

References

[1]	Zhang X C, Xu J Z 2010 Introduction to THz Wave (New York: Springer Science+Business Media, LLC) pp6-20
[2]	Jepsen P U, Cooke D G, Koch M 2011 Laser Photon. Rev. 5 124
[3]	Shumyatsky P, Alfano R R 2011 J. Biomed. Opt. 16 033001
[4]	Leyman R, Bazieva N, Kruezek T, Sokolovskii G S, Rafailov E U 2012 Rec. Patents Signal Proc. 2 12
[5]	Hwang H Y, Fleischer S, Brandt N C, Perkins Jr B G, Liu M, Fan K, Sternbach A, Zhang X, Averitt R D, Nelson K A 2015 J. Mod. Opt. 62 1447
[6]	Zuo J, Zhang L L, Gong C, Zhang C L 2016 Acta Phys. Sin. 65 010704 (in Chinese) [左剑, 张亮亮, 巩辰, 张存林 2016 物理学报 65 010704]
[7]	Ding Y J 2014 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 31 2696
[8]	Yang P F, Yao J Q, Bing B B, Di Z G 2011 Laser Infrared 41 125 (in Chinese) [杨鹏飞, 姚键铨, 邴丕彬, 邸志刚2011激光与红外 41 125]
[9]	Ding Y J, Zhao P, Li D 2011 J. Phys. 414 012003
[10]	Ding Y J, Zhao P, Ragam S, Li D, Zotova I B 2011 Chin. Opt. Lett. 9 110004
[11]	Zhang Y P, Wu Z X, Shen D L, Liu M, Yin Y H, Zhang H Y, Zhong K, Yao J Q 2014 Laser Optoelectron. Prog. 51 152 (in Chinese) [张玉萍, 吴志心, 申端龙, 刘蒙, 尹贻恒, 张会云, 钟凯, 姚建铨 2014 激光与光电子学进展 51 152]
[12]	Razeghi M, Lu Q Y, Bandyopadhyay N, Zhou W, Heydari D, Bai Y, Slivken S 2015 Opt. Express 23 8462
[13]	Vitiello M S, Scalari G, Williams B, de Natale P 2015 Opt. Express 23 5167
[14]	Jung S Y, Jiang Y F, Vijayraghavan K, Jiang A T, Demmerle F, Boehm G, Wang X J, Troccoli M, Amann M C, Belkin M A 2015 IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. Electron. 21 1200710
[15]	Lu Y Z, Wang X B, Miao L, Zuo D L, Cheng Z H 2011 Chin. Phys. Lett. 28 034201
[16]	Rao Z, Wang X, Lu Y 2011 Opt. Commun. 284 5472
[17]	Lu Y, Wang X, Miao L, Zuo D, Cheng Z 2011 Appl. Phys. B 103 387
[18]	Li C Y, Bo Y, Xu J L, Tian C Y, Peng Q J, Cui D F, Xu Z Y 2011 Opt. Commun. 284 4574
[19]	Zhang J X, Han L, Wu Y, Zong N, Fu P Z, Wang B S, Zhang G C, Xu Z Y, Wu Y C 2011 Appl. Phys. B 103 853
[20]	Pallas F, Herault E, Zhou J, Roux J F, Vitrant G 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 99 241113
[21]	Nawata K, Sato A, Asai K, Ito H, Minamide H 2011 International Conference on Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals and Applications Kauai, USA, July 17-22, 2011 pNMC1
[22]	Nawata K, Abe T, Miyake Y, Sato A, Asai K, Ito H, Minamide H 2012 Appl. Phys. Express 5 112401
[23]	Zhong K, Sun C L, Yao J Q, Xu D G, Xie X Y, Cao X L, Zhang Q L, Luo J Q, Sun D L, Yin S T 2013 IEEE J. Quant. Electron. 49 375
[24]	Yang Q, Huo Y J, Duan Y S, Zhang Y Y 2013 Acta Opt. Sin. 33 0514002 (in Chinese) [杨清, 霍玉晶, 段玉生, 张艳艳 2013 光学学报 33 0514002]
[25]	Angeluts A A, Bezotosnyi V V, Cheshev E A, Goltsman G N, Finkel M I, Seliverstov S V, Evdokimov M N, Gorbunkov M V, Kitaeva G Kh, Koromyslov A L, Kostryukov P V, Krivonos M S, Lobanov Yu V, Shkurinov A P, Sarkisov S Yu, Tunkin V G 2014 Laser Phys. Lett. 11 015004
[26]	Zhao P, Ragam S, Ding Y J, Zotova I B 2012 International Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) San Jose, USA, May 6-11, 2012 pQF3G.2
[27]	Ding Y Q, Liu Y, Qi Y F, Zhang L, Guo B L, Wang R, Zhou J, Chen G H 2015 Appl. Opt. 54 6616
[28]	Tang M, Minamide H, Wang Y Y, Notake T, Ohno S, Ito H 2011 Opt. Express 19 779
[29]	Leyman R, Nikitichev D I, Bazieva N, Rafailov E U 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 99 171107
[30]	Zhao P, Ragam S, Ding Y J, Zotova I B 2011 Opt. Lett. 36 4818
[31]	Zhao P, Ragam S, Ding Y J, Zotova I B 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 98 131106
[32]	Men S J, Liu Z J, Cong Z H, Li Y F, Zhang X Y 2015 Opt. Laser Technol. 68 48
[33]	Majkic A, Zgonik M, Petelin A, Jazbinšek M, Ruiz B, Medrano C, Gunter P 2014 Appl. Phys. Lett. 105 141115
[34]	Saito K, Tanabe T, Oyama Y 2012 Opt. Photon. J. 2 201
[35]	Lin X M, Wang L, Ding Y J 2012 Opt. Lett. 37 3687
[36]	Petersen E B, Shi W, Chavez-Pirson A, Peyghambarian N, Cooney A T 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 98 121119
[37]	Malinowski A, Lin D, Alam S U, Zhang Z, Ibsen M, Young J, Wright P, Ozanyan K, Stringer M, Miles R E, Richardson D J 2012 Laser Phys. Lett. 9 350
[38]	Paul J R, Scheller M, Laurain A, Young A, Koch S W, Moloney J 2013 Opt. Lett. 38 3654
[39]	Sasaki T, Tanabe T, Nishizawa J I 2014 Opt. Photon. J. 4 8
[40]	Kiessling J, Fuchs F, Buse K, Breunig I 2011 Opt. Lett. 36 4375
[41]	Huang J G, Lu J X, Zhou W, Tong J C, Huang Z M, Chu J H 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 120704 (in Chinese) [黄敬国, 陆金星, 周炜, 童劲超, 黄志明, 褚君浩 2013 物理学报 62 120704]
[42]	Huang J G, Huang Z M, Tong J C, Ouyang C, Chu J H, Andreev Y, Kokh K, Lanskii G, Shaiduko A 2013 Appl. Phys. Lett. 103 081104
[43]	Liu P X, Xu D G, Li J Q, Yan C, Li Z X, Wang Y Y, Yao J Q 2014 IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 26 494
[44]	Vodopyanov K L, Hurlbut W C, Kozlov V G 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 99 041104
[45]	Zhao P, Ragam S, Ding Y J, Zotova I B, Mu X D, Lee H C, Meissner S K, Meissner H 2012 Opt. Lett. 37 1283
[46]	Kiessling J, Breunig I, Schunemann P G, Buse K, Vodopyanov K L 2013 New J. Phys. 15 105014
[47]	Koichi M, Miyamoto K, Ujita S, Saito T, Ito H, Omatsu T 2011 Opt. Express 19 18523
[48]	Miyamoto K, Lee A, Saito T, Akiba T, Suizu K, Omatsu T 2013 Appl. Phys. B 110 321
[49]	Notake T, Tang M, Wang Y, Nawata K, Ito H, Minamide H 2011 International Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) Baltimore, USA, May 1-6, 2011, pJThB108
[50]	Notake T, Nawata K, Kawamata H, Matsukawa T, Qi F, Minamide H 2012 Opt. Express 20 25850
[51]	Uchida H, Tripathi S R, Suizu K, Shibuya T, Osumi T, Kawase K 2013 Appl. Phys. B 111 489
[52]	Fan S Z, Qi F, Notake T, Nawata K, Takida Y, Matsukawa T, Minamide H 2015 Opt. Express 23 7611
[53]	Zhao P, Ragam S, Wang L, Ding Y J, Zotova I B, Mu X, Lee H C, Meissner S K, Meissner H 2012 International Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) San Jose, USA, May 6-11, 2012 pCTu1B.8
[54]	Ding Y J 2015 J. Phys.: Conference Series 594 012012
[55]	Liu P X, Xu D G, Li Y, Zhang X Y, Wang Y Y, Yao J Q, Wu Y C 2014 Europhys. Lett. 106 60001
[56]	Jin Y W, Cristescu S M, Harren F J M, Mandon J 2015 Opt. Express 23 20418
[57]	Dolasinski B, Powers P E, Haus J W, Cooney A 2015 Opt. Express 23 3669
[58]	Pashkin A, Junginger F, Mayer B, Schmidt C, Schubert O, Brida D, Huber R, Leitenstorfer A 2013 IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. Electron. 19 8401608
[59]	Akiba T, Akimoto Y, Tamura M, Suizu K, Miyamoto K, Omatsu T, Takayanagi J, Takada T, Kawase K 2013 Appl. Opt. 52 8305
[60]	Saito K, Nagai Y, Yamamoto K, Maeda K, Tanabe T, Oyama Y 2014 Opt. Photon. J. 4 213
[61]	Huang Y C, Wang T D, Lin Y H, Lee C H, Chuang M Y, Lin Y Y, Lin F Y 2011 Opt. Express 19 24577
[62]	Chen T, Sun J Q, Li L S, Tang J G, Zhou Y J 2012 IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 24 921
[63]	Chen T, Sun J Q, Li L S, Tang J G 2012 J. Lightwave Tech. 30 2156
[64]	Saito K, Tanabe T, Oyama Y 2014 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 53 102102
[65]	Saito K, Tanabe T, Oyama Y 2015 J. European Opt. Soc.-Rapid Pubs. 10 15024
[66]	Jiang Y, Li D, Ding Y J, Zotova I B 2011 Opt. Lett. 36 1608
[67]	Notake T, Nawata K, Matsukawa T, Kawamata H, Feng Q, Minamide H 2012 International Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) San Jose, USA, May 6-11, 2012 pJW4A.36
[68]	Li Y, Zhang J X, Zhang G Q, Wu L L, Fu P Z, Wu Y C 2011 J. Crys. Grow. 327 127
[69]	Li Y, Wu Z G, Zhang X Y, Wang L, Zhang J X, Wu Y C 2014 J. Crys. Grow. 402 53
[70]	Sun Z H, Liu X T, Wang X Q, Li L N, Shi X J, Li S G, Ji C M, Luo J H, Hong M C 2012 Crys. Grow. Design 12 6181
[71]	Yang Z, Dai Y Q, Hao H L, Jazbinsek M, Gnter P 2013 Adv. Mater. Res. 760-762 811
[72]	Chen H H, Ma Q, Zhou Y Q, Yang Z, Jazbinsek M, Bian Y Z, Ye N, Wang D, Cao H, He W L 2015 Crys. Grow. Design 15 5560
[73]	Kim P J, Jeong J H, Jazbinsek M, Choi S B, Baek I H, Kim J T, Rotermund F, Yun H, Lee Y S, Gnter P 2012 Adv. Func. Mater. 22 200
[74]	Kang B J, Baek I H, Jeong J H, Kim J S, Lee S H, Kwon O P, Rotermund F 2014 Current Appl. Phys. 14 403
[75]	Jeong J H, Kang B J, Kim J S, Jazbinsek M, Lee S H, Lee S C, Baek I H, Yun H, Kim J, Lee Y S, Lee J H, Kim J H 2013 Sci. Rep. 3 3200
[76]	Lu J, Hwang H Y, Li X, Lee S H, Kwon O P, Nelson K A 2015 Opt. Express 23 22723
[77]	Brunner F D J, Lee S H, Kwon O P, Feurer T 2014 Opt. Mater. Express 4 1586
[78]	Vicario C, Monoszlai B, Jazbinsek M, Lee S H, Kwon O P, Hauri C P 2015 Sci. Rep. 5 14394
[79]	Vitiello M S, Tredicucci A 2011 IEEE Trans. Terahertz Sci. Technol. 1 76
[80]	Adams R W, Vizbaras A, Jang M, Grasse C, Katz S, Boehm G, Amann M C, Belkin M A 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 98 151114
[81]	Lu Q Y, Bandyopadhyay N, Slivken S, Bai Y, Razeghi M 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 99 131106
[82]	Vijayraghavan K, Adams R W, Vizbaras A, Jang M, Grasse C, Boehm G, Amann M C, Belkin M A 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 100 251104
[83]	Lu Q Y, Bandyopadhyay N, Slivken S, Bai Y, Razeghi M 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 101 251121
[84]	Lu Q Y, Bandyopadhyay N, Slivken S, Bai Y, Razeghi M 2013 Opt. Express 21 968
[85]	Vijayraghavan K, Jiang Y F, Jang M, Jiang A T, Choutagunta K, Vizbaras A, Demmerle F, Boehm G, Amann M C, Belkin M A 2013 Nat. Commun. 4 2021
[86]	Lu Q Y, Bandyopadhyay N, Slivken S, Bai Y, Razeghi M 2014 Appl. Phys. Lett. 104 221105
[87]	Lu Q Y, Slivken S, Bandyopadhyay N, Bai Y, Razeghi M 2014 Appl. Phys. Lett. 105 201102
[88]	Fujita K, Hitaka M, Ito A, Edamura T, Yamanishi M, Jung S Y, Belkin M A 2015 Appl. Phys. Lett. 106 251104
[89]	Vijayraghavan K, Jang M, Jiang A T, Wang X J, Troccoli M, Belkin M A 2014 IEEE Photon. Tech. Lett. 26 391
[90]	Slivken S, Bandyopadhyay N, Bai Y, Lu Q Y, Razeghi M 2013 Appl. Phys. Lett. 103 231110
[91]	Jung S Y, Jiang A T, Jiang Y F, Vijayraghavan K, Wang X J, Troccoli M, Belkin M A 2014 Nat. Commun. 5 4267
[92]	Jiang Y F, Vijayraghavan K, Jung S Y, Demmerle F, Boehm G, Amann M C, Belkin M A 2014 J. Opt. 16 094002

Cited By

[1]	Zhang X C, Xu J Z 2010 Introduction to THz Wave (New York: Springer Science+Business Media, LLC) pp6-20
[2]	Jepsen P U, Cooke D G, Koch M 2011 Laser Photon. Rev. 5 124
[3]	Shumyatsky P, Alfano R R 2011 J. Biomed. Opt. 16 033001
[4]	Leyman R, Bazieva N, Kruezek T, Sokolovskii G S, Rafailov E U 2012 Rec. Patents Signal Proc. 2 12
[5]	Hwang H Y, Fleischer S, Brandt N C, Perkins Jr B G, Liu M, Fan K, Sternbach A, Zhang X, Averitt R D, Nelson K A 2015 J. Mod. Opt. 62 1447
[6]	Zuo J, Zhang L L, Gong C, Zhang C L 2016 Acta Phys. Sin. 65 010704 (in Chinese) [左剑, 张亮亮, 巩辰, 张存林 2016 物理学报 65 010704]
[7]	Ding Y J 2014 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 31 2696
[8]	Yang P F, Yao J Q, Bing B B, Di Z G 2011 Laser Infrared 41 125 (in Chinese) [杨鹏飞, 姚键铨, 邴丕彬, 邸志刚2011激光与红外 41 125]
[9]	Ding Y J, Zhao P, Li D 2011 J. Phys. 414 012003
[10]	Ding Y J, Zhao P, Ragam S, Li D, Zotova I B 2011 Chin. Opt. Lett. 9 110004
[11]	Zhang Y P, Wu Z X, Shen D L, Liu M, Yin Y H, Zhang H Y, Zhong K, Yao J Q 2014 Laser Optoelectron. Prog. 51 152 (in Chinese) [张玉萍, 吴志心, 申端龙, 刘蒙, 尹贻恒, 张会云, 钟凯, 姚建铨 2014 激光与光电子学进展 51 152]
[12]	Razeghi M, Lu Q Y, Bandyopadhyay N, Zhou W, Heydari D, Bai Y, Slivken S 2015 Opt. Express 23 8462
[13]	Vitiello M S, Scalari G, Williams B, de Natale P 2015 Opt. Express 23 5167
[14]	Jung S Y, Jiang Y F, Vijayraghavan K, Jiang A T, Demmerle F, Boehm G, Wang X J, Troccoli M, Amann M C, Belkin M A 2015 IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. Electron. 21 1200710
[15]	Lu Y Z, Wang X B, Miao L, Zuo D L, Cheng Z H 2011 Chin. Phys. Lett. 28 034201
[16]	Rao Z, Wang X, Lu Y 2011 Opt. Commun. 284 5472
[17]	Lu Y, Wang X, Miao L, Zuo D, Cheng Z 2011 Appl. Phys. B 103 387
[18]	Li C Y, Bo Y, Xu J L, Tian C Y, Peng Q J, Cui D F, Xu Z Y 2011 Opt. Commun. 284 4574
[19]	Zhang J X, Han L, Wu Y, Zong N, Fu P Z, Wang B S, Zhang G C, Xu Z Y, Wu Y C 2011 Appl. Phys. B 103 853
[20]	Pallas F, Herault E, Zhou J, Roux J F, Vitrant G 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 99 241113
[21]	Nawata K, Sato A, Asai K, Ito H, Minamide H 2011 International Conference on Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals and Applications Kauai, USA, July 17-22, 2011 pNMC1
[22]	Nawata K, Abe T, Miyake Y, Sato A, Asai K, Ito H, Minamide H 2012 Appl. Phys. Express 5 112401
[23]	Zhong K, Sun C L, Yao J Q, Xu D G, Xie X Y, Cao X L, Zhang Q L, Luo J Q, Sun D L, Yin S T 2013 IEEE J. Quant. Electron. 49 375
[24]	Yang Q, Huo Y J, Duan Y S, Zhang Y Y 2013 Acta Opt. Sin. 33 0514002 (in Chinese) [杨清, 霍玉晶, 段玉生, 张艳艳 2013 光学学报 33 0514002]
[25]	Angeluts A A, Bezotosnyi V V, Cheshev E A, Goltsman G N, Finkel M I, Seliverstov S V, Evdokimov M N, Gorbunkov M V, Kitaeva G Kh, Koromyslov A L, Kostryukov P V, Krivonos M S, Lobanov Yu V, Shkurinov A P, Sarkisov S Yu, Tunkin V G 2014 Laser Phys. Lett. 11 015004
[26]	Zhao P, Ragam S, Ding Y J, Zotova I B 2012 International Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) San Jose, USA, May 6-11, 2012 pQF3G.2
[27]	Ding Y Q, Liu Y, Qi Y F, Zhang L, Guo B L, Wang R, Zhou J, Chen G H 2015 Appl. Opt. 54 6616
[28]	Tang M, Minamide H, Wang Y Y, Notake T, Ohno S, Ito H 2011 Opt. Express 19 779
[29]	Leyman R, Nikitichev D I, Bazieva N, Rafailov E U 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 99 171107
[30]	Zhao P, Ragam S, Ding Y J, Zotova I B 2011 Opt. Lett. 36 4818
[31]	Zhao P, Ragam S, Ding Y J, Zotova I B 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 98 131106
[32]	Men S J, Liu Z J, Cong Z H, Li Y F, Zhang X Y 2015 Opt. Laser Technol. 68 48
[33]	Majkic A, Zgonik M, Petelin A, Jazbinšek M, Ruiz B, Medrano C, Gunter P 2014 Appl. Phys. Lett. 105 141115
[34]	Saito K, Tanabe T, Oyama Y 2012 Opt. Photon. J. 2 201
[35]	Lin X M, Wang L, Ding Y J 2012 Opt. Lett. 37 3687
[36]	Petersen E B, Shi W, Chavez-Pirson A, Peyghambarian N, Cooney A T 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 98 121119
[37]	Malinowski A, Lin D, Alam S U, Zhang Z, Ibsen M, Young J, Wright P, Ozanyan K, Stringer M, Miles R E, Richardson D J 2012 Laser Phys. Lett. 9 350
[38]	Paul J R, Scheller M, Laurain A, Young A, Koch S W, Moloney J 2013 Opt. Lett. 38 3654
[39]	Sasaki T, Tanabe T, Nishizawa J I 2014 Opt. Photon. J. 4 8
[40]	Kiessling J, Fuchs F, Buse K, Breunig I 2011 Opt. Lett. 36 4375
[41]	Huang J G, Lu J X, Zhou W, Tong J C, Huang Z M, Chu J H 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 120704 (in Chinese) [黄敬国, 陆金星, 周炜, 童劲超, 黄志明, 褚君浩 2013 物理学报 62 120704]
[42]	Huang J G, Huang Z M, Tong J C, Ouyang C, Chu J H, Andreev Y, Kokh K, Lanskii G, Shaiduko A 2013 Appl. Phys. Lett. 103 081104
[43]	Liu P X, Xu D G, Li J Q, Yan C, Li Z X, Wang Y Y, Yao J Q 2014 IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 26 494
[44]	Vodopyanov K L, Hurlbut W C, Kozlov V G 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 99 041104
[45]	Zhao P, Ragam S, Ding Y J, Zotova I B, Mu X D, Lee H C, Meissner S K, Meissner H 2012 Opt. Lett. 37 1283
[46]	Kiessling J, Breunig I, Schunemann P G, Buse K, Vodopyanov K L 2013 New J. Phys. 15 105014
[47]	Koichi M, Miyamoto K, Ujita S, Saito T, Ito H, Omatsu T 2011 Opt. Express 19 18523
[48]	Miyamoto K, Lee A, Saito T, Akiba T, Suizu K, Omatsu T 2013 Appl. Phys. B 110 321
[49]	Notake T, Tang M, Wang Y, Nawata K, Ito H, Minamide H 2011 International Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) Baltimore, USA, May 1-6, 2011, pJThB108
[50]	Notake T, Nawata K, Kawamata H, Matsukawa T, Qi F, Minamide H 2012 Opt. Express 20 25850
[51]	Uchida H, Tripathi S R, Suizu K, Shibuya T, Osumi T, Kawase K 2013 Appl. Phys. B 111 489
[52]	Fan S Z, Qi F, Notake T, Nawata K, Takida Y, Matsukawa T, Minamide H 2015 Opt. Express 23 7611
[53]	Zhao P, Ragam S, Wang L, Ding Y J, Zotova I B, Mu X, Lee H C, Meissner S K, Meissner H 2012 International Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) San Jose, USA, May 6-11, 2012 pCTu1B.8
[54]	Ding Y J 2015 J. Phys.: Conference Series 594 012012
[55]	Liu P X, Xu D G, Li Y, Zhang X Y, Wang Y Y, Yao J Q, Wu Y C 2014 Europhys. Lett. 106 60001
[56]	Jin Y W, Cristescu S M, Harren F J M, Mandon J 2015 Opt. Express 23 20418
[57]	Dolasinski B, Powers P E, Haus J W, Cooney A 2015 Opt. Express 23 3669
[58]	Pashkin A, Junginger F, Mayer B, Schmidt C, Schubert O, Brida D, Huber R, Leitenstorfer A 2013 IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. Electron. 19 8401608
[59]	Akiba T, Akimoto Y, Tamura M, Suizu K, Miyamoto K, Omatsu T, Takayanagi J, Takada T, Kawase K 2013 Appl. Opt. 52 8305
[60]	Saito K, Nagai Y, Yamamoto K, Maeda K, Tanabe T, Oyama Y 2014 Opt. Photon. J. 4 213
[61]	Huang Y C, Wang T D, Lin Y H, Lee C H, Chuang M Y, Lin Y Y, Lin F Y 2011 Opt. Express 19 24577
[62]	Chen T, Sun J Q, Li L S, Tang J G, Zhou Y J 2012 IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 24 921
[63]	Chen T, Sun J Q, Li L S, Tang J G 2012 J. Lightwave Tech. 30 2156
[64]	Saito K, Tanabe T, Oyama Y 2014 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 53 102102
[65]	Saito K, Tanabe T, Oyama Y 2015 J. European Opt. Soc.-Rapid Pubs. 10 15024
[66]	Jiang Y, Li D, Ding Y J, Zotova I B 2011 Opt. Lett. 36 1608
[67]	Notake T, Nawata K, Matsukawa T, Kawamata H, Feng Q, Minamide H 2012 International Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) San Jose, USA, May 6-11, 2012 pJW4A.36
[68]	Li Y, Zhang J X, Zhang G Q, Wu L L, Fu P Z, Wu Y C 2011 J. Crys. Grow. 327 127
[69]	Li Y, Wu Z G, Zhang X Y, Wang L, Zhang J X, Wu Y C 2014 J. Crys. Grow. 402 53
[70]	Sun Z H, Liu X T, Wang X Q, Li L N, Shi X J, Li S G, Ji C M, Luo J H, Hong M C 2012 Crys. Grow. Design 12 6181
[71]	Yang Z, Dai Y Q, Hao H L, Jazbinsek M, Gnter P 2013 Adv. Mater. Res. 760-762 811
[72]	Chen H H, Ma Q, Zhou Y Q, Yang Z, Jazbinsek M, Bian Y Z, Ye N, Wang D, Cao H, He W L 2015 Crys. Grow. Design 15 5560
[73]	Kim P J, Jeong J H, Jazbinsek M, Choi S B, Baek I H, Kim J T, Rotermund F, Yun H, Lee Y S, Gnter P 2012 Adv. Func. Mater. 22 200
[74]	Kang B J, Baek I H, Jeong J H, Kim J S, Lee S H, Kwon O P, Rotermund F 2014 Current Appl. Phys. 14 403
[75]	Jeong J H, Kang B J, Kim J S, Jazbinsek M, Lee S H, Lee S C, Baek I H, Yun H, Kim J, Lee Y S, Lee J H, Kim J H 2013 Sci. Rep. 3 3200
[76]	Lu J, Hwang H Y, Li X, Lee S H, Kwon O P, Nelson K A 2015 Opt. Express 23 22723
[77]	Brunner F D J, Lee S H, Kwon O P, Feurer T 2014 Opt. Mater. Express 4 1586
[78]	Vicario C, Monoszlai B, Jazbinsek M, Lee S H, Kwon O P, Hauri C P 2015 Sci. Rep. 5 14394
[79]	Vitiello M S, Tredicucci A 2011 IEEE Trans. Terahertz Sci. Technol. 1 76
[80]	Adams R W, Vizbaras A, Jang M, Grasse C, Katz S, Boehm G, Amann M C, Belkin M A 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 98 151114
[81]	Lu Q Y, Bandyopadhyay N, Slivken S, Bai Y, Razeghi M 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 99 131106
[82]	Vijayraghavan K, Adams R W, Vizbaras A, Jang M, Grasse C, Boehm G, Amann M C, Belkin M A 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 100 251104
[83]	Lu Q Y, Bandyopadhyay N, Slivken S, Bai Y, Razeghi M 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 101 251121
[84]	Lu Q Y, Bandyopadhyay N, Slivken S, Bai Y, Razeghi M 2013 Opt. Express 21 968
[85]	Vijayraghavan K, Jiang Y F, Jang M, Jiang A T, Choutagunta K, Vizbaras A, Demmerle F, Boehm G, Amann M C, Belkin M A 2013 Nat. Commun. 4 2021
[86]	Lu Q Y, Bandyopadhyay N, Slivken S, Bai Y, Razeghi M 2014 Appl. Phys. Lett. 104 221105
[87]	Lu Q Y, Slivken S, Bandyopadhyay N, Bai Y, Razeghi M 2014 Appl. Phys. Lett. 105 201102
[88]	Fujita K, Hitaka M, Ito A, Edamura T, Yamanishi M, Jung S Y, Belkin M A 2015 Appl. Phys. Lett. 106 251104
[89]	Vijayraghavan K, Jang M, Jiang A T, Wang X J, Troccoli M, Belkin M A 2014 IEEE Photon. Tech. Lett. 26 391
[90]	Slivken S, Bandyopadhyay N, Bai Y, Lu Q Y, Razeghi M 2013 Appl. Phys. Lett. 103 231110
[91]	Jung S Y, Jiang A T, Jiang Y F, Vijayraghavan K, Wang X J, Troccoli M, Belkin M A 2014 Nat. Commun. 5 4267
[92]	Jiang Y F, Vijayraghavan K, Jung S Y, Demmerle F, Boehm G, Amann M C, Belkin M A 2014 J. Opt. 16 094002

[1]	Liang Shi-Jie, Zou Jia-Qi, Wang Wen-Jing, Liu Di, Huo Yan-Yan, Ning Ting-Yin. Numerical study of tunable terahertz radiation from differential frequency generation in high-Q geometrically perturbed grating waveguide structures. Acta Physica Sinica, 2025, 74(3): . doi: 10.7498/aps.74.20240854
[2]	Xu Yong, Zhang Fan, Zhang Xiao-Qiang, Du Yin-Chang, Zhao Hai-Hui, Nie Tian-Xiao, Wu Xiao-Jun, Zhao Wei-Sheng. Research advances in spintronic terahertz sources. Acta Physica Sinica, 2020, 69(20): 200703. doi: 10.7498/aps.69.20200623
[3]	Li Jin-Feng, Wan Ting, Wang Teng-Fei, Zhou Wen-Hui, Xin Jie, Chen Chang-Shui. Electrons leakage from upper laser level to high energy levels in active regions of terahertz quantum cascade lasers. Acta Physica Sinica, 2019, 68(2): 021101. doi: 10.7498/aps.68.20181882
[4]	Zhou Kang, Li Hua, Wan Wen-Jian, Li Zi-Ping, Cao Jun-Cheng. Group velocity dispersion analysis of terahertz quantum cascade laser frequency comb. Acta Physica Sinica, 2019, 68(10): 109501. doi: 10.7498/aps.68.20190217
[5]	Zhu Yong-Hao, Li Hua, Wan Wen-Jian, Zhou Tao, Cao Jun-Cheng. Far-field analysis of third-order distributed feedback terahertz quantum cascade lasers. Acta Physica Sinica, 2017, 66(9): 099501. doi: 10.7498/aps.66.099501
[6]	Zuo Jian, Zhang Liang-Liang, Gong Chen, Zhang Cun-Lin. Research progress of super-continuum terahertz source based on nano-structures and terahertz lab on-chip system. Acta Physica Sinica, 2016, 65(1): 010704. doi: 10.7498/aps.65.010704
[7]	Zhao Wen-Juan, Chen Zai-Gao, Guo Wei-Jie. Influence of slow wave structure explosive emission on high-power surface wave oscillator. Acta Physica Sinica, 2015, 64(15): 150702. doi: 10.7498/aps.64.150702
[8]	Wan Wen-Jian, Yin Rong, Tan Zhi-Yong, Wang Feng, Han Ying-Jun, Cao Jun-Cheng. Study of 2.9 THz quantum cascade laser based on bound-to-continuum transition. Acta Physica Sinica, 2013, 62(21): 210701. doi: 10.7498/aps.62.210701
[9]	Huang Jing-Guo, Lu Jin-Xing, Zhou Wei, Tong Jing-Chao, Huang Zhi, Chu Jun-Hao. Investigation of high power terahertz emission in gap crystal based on collinear difference frequency generation. Acta Physica Sinica, 2013, 62(12): 120704. doi: 10.7498/aps.62.120704
[10]	Liu Wei-Hao, Zhang Ya-Xin, Hu Min, Zhou Jun, Liu Sheng-Gang. Mechanism study of a THz source using field emission array. Acta Physica Sinica, 2012, 61(12): 127901. doi: 10.7498/aps.61.127901
[11]	Tan Zhi-Yong, Chen Zhen, Han Ying-Jun, Zhang Rong, Li Hua, Guo Xu-Guang, Cao Jun-Cheng. Experimental realization of wireless transmission based on terahertz quantumcascade laser. Acta Physica Sinica, 2012, 61(9): 098701. doi: 10.7498/aps.61.098701
[12]	Zhong Kai, Yao Jian-Quan, Xu De-Gang, Zhang Hui-Yun, Wang Peng. Theoretical research on cascaded difference frequency generation of terahertz radiation. Acta Physica Sinica, 2011, 60(3): 034210. doi: 10.7498/aps.60.034210
[13]	Li Hua, Han Ying-Jun, Tan Zhi-Yong, Zhang Rong, Cao Jun-Cheng. Device fabrication of semi-insulating surface-plasmon terahertz quantum-cascade lasers. Acta Physica Sinica, 2010, 59(3): 2169-2172. doi: 10.7498/aps.59.2169
[14]	Gao Peng, Booske John H., Yang Zhong-Hai, Li Bin, Xu Li, He Jun, Gong Yu-Bin, Tian Zhong. Physics and simulation of terahertz folded waveguide traveling wave tube regenerative feedback oscillators. Acta Physica Sinica, 2010, 59(12): 8484-8489. doi: 10.7498/aps.59.8484
[15]	Chang Jun, Li Hua, Han Ying-Jun, Tan Zhi-Yong, Cao Jun-Cheng. Material growth and characterization of terahertz quantum-cascade lasers. Acta Physica Sinica, 2009, 58(10): 7083-7087. doi: 10.7498/aps.58.7083
[16]	Liu Huan, Xu De-Gang, Yao Jian-Quan. Theoretical study of tunable terahertz radiation based on difference-frequency generation in GaSe and ZnGeP2 crystals. Acta Physica Sinica, 2008, 57(9): 5662-5669. doi: 10.7498/aps.57.5662
[17]	Lin Gui-Jiang, Zhou Zhi-Wen, Lai Hong-Kai, Li Cheng, Chen Song-Yan, Yu Jin-Zhong. Energy band design for Si/SiGe quantum cascade laser. Acta Physica Sinica, 2007, 56(7): 4137-4142. doi: 10.7498/aps.56.4137
[18]	Xu Gang-Yi, Li Ai-Zhen. Interface phonons in the active core of a quantum cascade laser. Acta Physica Sinica, 2007, 56(1): 500-506. doi: 10.7498/aps.56.500
[19]	Sun Bo, Yao Jian-Quan, Wang Zhuo, Wang Peng. Study of tunable terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixing in isotropic semiconductor crystals. Acta Physica Sinica, 2007, 56(3): 1390-1396. doi: 10.7498/aps.56.1390
[20]	Wang Peng, Zhao Huan, Wang Zhao-Hua, Li De-Hua, Wei Zhi-Yi. Active synchronization of two independent femtosecond and picosecond lasers and sum frequency generation of two laser pulses. Acta Physica Sinica, 2006, 55(8): 4161-4165. doi: 10.7498/aps.55.4161

Catalog

Vol. 65, Issue 7 - 2016-04-05

Metrics

Abstract views: 10594
PDF Downloads: 982
Cited By: 0

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

Search

Article

留言板