Electronic and optical performances of (Cu, N) codoped TiO<sub>2</sub>/MoS<sub>2</sub> heterostructure photocatalyst: Hybrid DFT (HSE06) study

Wang Guan-Shi; Lin Yan-Ming; Zhao Ya-Li; Jiang Zhen-Yi; Zhang Xiao-Dong

doi:10.7498/aps.67.20181520

Abstract

Anatase titanium dioxide (TiO₂) has attracted much attention due to its excellent photocatalytic properties. However, the band gap of anatase TiO₂ is 3.2 eV, which can absorb only about 4% of the ultraviolet light (λ < 400 nm). Molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) is a new layered two-dimensional compound semiconductor, and it has been widely studied for its preferably optical absorption and photocatalytic properties. Moreover, the high recombination rate of photoexcited electron-hole of monolayer MoS₂ leads to low photocatalytic efficiency. In this work, based on Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof (HSE06) hybrid density functional theory, the geometric structure, electronic structure, optical properties, charge transfer and effect of pressure on structure of Cu/N doped TiO₂/MoS₂ heterostructures are systematically studied. The interface interaction between anatase TiO₂(101) surface and monolayer MoS₂ shows that TiO₂ and MoS₂ form a van der Waals heterostructure. The defect formation energy is calculated to demonstrate that Cu@O&N@O is the most stable codoping site. The result of the density of states shows that the band gap of TiO₂/MoS₂ heterojunction is 1.38 eV, which is obviously smaller than that of the pure anatase TiO₂(101) surface (2.90 eV). The band gap of Cu/N doped TiO₂/MoS₂ heterojunction obviously decreases, and an impurity band provided by Cu 3d orbitals appears in the forbidden band, which leads to the decrease of the photon excitation energy and the enhancement of the optical absorption capacity. The x-y planar averaged and three-dimensional charge density difference of Cu/N doped TiO₂/MoS₂ are also calculated. It is found that there are electrons' and holes' accumulation in the doped anatase TiO₂(101) surface and the single layer MoS₂, showing that the Cu/N doping can effectively reduce the recombination of the photoexcited electron hole pairs. Calculated optical absorption spectra show that Cu/N doped TiO₂/MoS₂ system has obvious improvement in the absorption of visible light. In addition, we calculate the geometrical, electronic and optical absorption spectra of TiO₂/MoS₂ heterojunction under different pressures. The results show that the appropriate increase of pressure can effectively improve the optical absorption properties of heterojunction and Cu/N doped TiO₂/MoS₂ heterojunction and TiO₂/MoS₂ heterojunction can effectively improve the optical properties of the material. These findings are helpful in understanding the photocatalytic mechanism and relevant experimental observations.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers, Institute of Modern Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11447030, 51572219), the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province, China (Grant Nos. 2016JQ1038, 2015JM1018), the Science Foundation of Northwest University, China (Grant No. 14NW23), and the Double First-class University Construction Project of Northwest University, China.

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Cited By

[1]	Kwon W W, Han H, Kim J H 2017 Energy 103 226
[2]	Rahmouni S, Negrou B, Settou N, Dominguez J, Gouareh A 2017 Energy 42 1383
[3]	Lewis N S, Nocera D G 2006 Science 103 15729
[4]	Fujishima A, Honda K 1972 Nature 238 37
[5]	Ishikawa A, Takata T, Kondo J N, Hara M, Kobayashi H, Domen K 2002 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 124 13547
[6]	Maeda K, Takata T, Hara M, Saito N, Inoue Y, Kobayashi H, Domen K 2005 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127 8286
[7]	Maeda K, Teramura K, Lu D, Takata T, Saito N, Inoue Y, Domen K 2006 Nature 440 295
[8]	Lee Y, Terashima H, Shimodaira Y, Teramura K, Hara M, Kobayashi H, Domen K, Yashima M 2007 J. Phys. Chem. C 111 1042
[9]	Chen X, Mao S S 2007 Chem. Rev. 107 289
[10]	Khan S U M, Al-Shahry M, Ingler Jr W B 2002 Science 297 2243
[11]	Yin S, Zhang Q, Saito F, Sato T 2003 Chem. Lett. 32 358
[12]	Ohtani B, Handa J I, Nishimoto S I, Kagiya T 1985 Chem. Phys. Lett. 120 292
[13]	Elsellami L, Dappozze F, Fessi N, Houas A, Guillard C 2018 Process. Saf. Environ. 113 109
[14]	Jung H S, Kim H 2009 Electron. Mater. Lett. 5 73
[15]	Tehare K K, Bhande S S, Mutkule S U, Stadler F J, Ao J P, Mane R S, Liu X 2017 J. Alloys Compd. 704 187
[16]	Meng A, Zhang J, Xu D, Cheng B, Yu J 2016 Appl. Catal. B 198 286
[17]	Cheng X, Yu X, Xing Z, Yang L 2016 Arab. J. Chem. 9 1706
[18]	Wang W K, Chen J J, Gao M, Huang Y X, Zhang X, Yu H Q 2016 Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 195 69
[19]	Xu C, Zhang Y, Chen J, Lin J, Zhang X, Wang Z, Zhou J 2017 Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 204 324
[20]	Zhang W, Yin J, Tang X, Zhang P, Ding Y 2017 Physica 85 259
[21]	Brindha A, Sivakumar T 2017 J. Photoch. Photobio. A: Chem. 340 14
[22]	Ren D, Li H, Cheng X 2015 Solid. State. Commun. 223 54
[23]	Kalantari K, Kalbasi M, Sohrabi M, Royaee S J 2017 Ceram. Int. 43 973
[24]	Yan J, Wu H, Chen H, Zhang Y, Zhang F, Liu S F 2016 Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 191 130
[25]	Jaiswal R, Bharambe J, Patel N, Dashora A, Kothari D C, Miotello A 2015 Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 168 333
[26]	Sun L, Xian Z, Cheng X 2012 Langmuir 28 5882
[27]	Yang C T, Balakrishnan N, Bhethanabotla V R 2017 J. Phys. Chem. C 118 4702
[28]	He H, Lin J, Fu W, Wang X, Wang H 2016 Adv. Energy Mater. 6 1600464
[29]	Tao J G, Chai J W, Guan L X, Pan J S, Wang S J 2015 Appl. Phys. Lett. 106 081602
[30]	Zhang J, Huang L, Lu Z, Jin Z, Wang X 2016 J. Alloys Compd. 688 840
[31]	Yang X, Huang H, Jin B, Luo J, Zhou X 2016 RSC. Adv. 6 107075
[32]	Yuan Y J, Ye Z J, Lu H, Hu B, Li Y H, Chen D, Zhong J S, Yu Z T, Zou Z 2016 ACS Catal. 6 532
[33]	Liu X, Xing Z, Zhang Y, Li Z, Wu X, Tan S, Yu X, Zhu Q, Zhou W 2017 Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 201 119
[34]	Kresse G, Hafner J 1994 Phys. Rev. B 49 14251
[35]	Perdew J P, Wang Y 1992 Phys. Rev. B 45 13244
[36]	Zhao S, Xue J, Kang W 2014 J. Chem. Phys. Lett. 595 35
[37]	Zhang J J, Gao B, Dong S 2016 Phys. Rev. B 93 155430
[38]	Shirley R, Kraft M, Inderwildi O R 2010 Phys. Rev. B 81 075111
[39]	Zhang J F, Zhou P, Liu J J, Yu J G 2014 Chem. Chem. Phys. 16 20382
[40]	Ataca C, Sahin H 2012 J. Phys. Chem. C 116 8983
[41]	Burdett J K, Hughbanks T, Miller G J, Richardson J W, Smith J V 1987 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 109 3639
[42]	Tahir M, Tahir B 2016 Appl. Surf. Sci. 377 244

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Vol. 67, Issue 23 - 2018-12-05

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Electronic and optical performances of (Cu, N) codoped TiO₂/MoS₂ heterostructure photocatalyst: Hybrid DFT (HSE06) study

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Electronic and optical performances of (Cu, N) codoped TiO2/MoS2 heterostructure photocatalyst: Hybrid DFT (HSE06) study

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Electronic and optical performances of (Cu, N) codoped TiO₂/MoS₂ heterostructure photocatalyst: Hybrid DFT (HSE06) study