Skyrmions-based magnetic racetrack memory

Liang Xue; Zhao Li; Qiu Lei; Li Shuang; Ding Li-Hong; Feng You-Hua; Zhang Xi-Chao; Zhou Yan; Zhao Guo-Ping

doi:10.7498/aps.67.20180764

Abstract

Magnetic skyrmions are topologically stable spin configurations with small size, which can be driven into motion by a small current. They are widely regarded as building blocks for next-generation magnetic storage. The main advantage of skyrmions lies in their particular dynamic behaviors, especially in their ability to move stably in racetrack under the action of small spin-polarized currents. The writing, driving and reading methods of skyrmions in racetrack are reviewed in detail in this paper, including the most recent research findings. The review focuses on the most commonly used driving method, i.e., driving skyrmions by applying spin-polarized currents. The clogging and annihilation of skyrmions in racetrack are analyzed, with the skyrmion Hall effect discussed which may lead skyrmion signals to lose. Methods to avoid skyrmion Hall effect are introduced and hence the optimized designs for skyrmion-based racetrack are also reviewed. Finally, some challenges of skyrmion-based racetrack memory are discussed.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610101, China;
2.
School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China;
3.
Collaborative Innovation Center for Shanxi Advanced Permanent Materials and Technology, Linfen 041004, China

Corresponding author: Zhao Guo-Ping, zhaogp@uestc.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51771127, 51571126, 51772004) and the Scientific Research Fund of Sichuan Provincial Education Department, China (Grant Nos. 18TD0010, 16CZ0006).

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Cited By

[1]	Skyrme T H R 1962 Nucl. Phys. 31 556
[2]	Pfleiderer C, Rosch A 2010 Nature 465 880
[3]	Nagaosa N, Tokura Y 2013 Nat. Nanotech. 8 899
[4]	Bogdanov A, Hubert A 1994 J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 138 255
[5]	Rssler U K, Bogdanov A N, Pfleiderer C 2006 Nature 442 797
[6]	Binz B, Vishwanath A, Aji V 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 207202
[7]	Tewari S, Belitz D, Kirkpatrick T R 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 047207
[8]	Mhlbauer S, Binz B, Jonietz F, et al. 2009 Science 323 915
[9]	Yu X Z, Onose Y, Kanazawa N, et al. 2010 Nature 465 901
[10]	Heinze S 2011 Nat. Phys. 7 713
[11]	Du H, Che R, Kong L, et al. 2015 Nat. Commun. 6 8504
[12]	Hsu P J, Kubetzka A, Finco A, et al. 2016 Nat. Mater. 15 501
[13]	Woo S, Kai L, Krger B, et al. 2016 Nat. Mater. 15 501
[14]	Tokunaga Y, Yu X Z, White J S, et al. 2015 Nat. Commun. 6 7638
[15]	Yu G, Upadhyaya P, Li X, et al. 2016 Nano Lett. 16 1981
[16]	Legrand W, Maccariello D, Reyren N, et al. 2017 Nano Lett. 17 2703
[17]	Zhou Y, Ezawa M 2014 Nat. Commun. 5 4652
[18]	Jiang W J, Upadhyaya P, Zhang W, et al. 2015 Science 349 283
[19]	Chen G, Mascaraque A, N'Diaye A T, Schmid A K 2015 Appl. Phys. Lett. 106 242404
[20]	MoreauLuchaire C, Moutafis C, Reyren N, et al. 2016 Nat. Nanotech. 11 444
[21]	Everschor K 2016 Proc. IEEE 104 2040
[22]	Kang W, Huang Y, Zhang X, et al. 2016 Proc. IEEE 104 2040
[23]	L G, Cao X C, Zhang H, Qin Y F, Wang L H, Li G H, Gao F, Sun F W 2016 Acta Phys. Sin. 65 217503 (in Chinese) [吕刚, 曹学成, 张红, 秦羽丰, 王林辉, 厉桂华, 高峰, 孙丰伟 2016 物理学报 65 217503]
[24]	Dai Y Y, Wang H, Tao P, Yang T, Ren W J, Zhang Z D 2013 Phys. Rev. B 88 054403
[25]	Parkin S S P 2015 Micromachines 6 1023
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[34]	Romming N, Hanneken C, Menzel M, et al. 2013 Science 341 636
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[41]	Fert A, Reyren N, Cros V 2017 Nat. Rev. Mat. 2 17031
[42]	Zhu J R, Xiang M, Hu J G 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 187504 (in Chinese) [朱金荣, 香妹, 胡经国 2012 物理学报 61 187504]
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[52]	Fook H T, Wei L G, Purnama I, Wen S L 2016 Sci. Rep. 6 23164
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[56]	Navau C, Del-Valle N, Sanchez A 2016 Phys. Rev. B 94 184104
[57]	Garcia-Sanchez F, Sampaio J, Reyren N, Cros V, Kim J V 2016 New J. Phys. 18 075011
[58]	Ran N, Zhao G P, Tang H, et al. 2017 AIP Adv. 7 025105
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[60]	Moriya T 1960 Phys. Rev. Lett. 4 228
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[69]	Karhu E A, Rler U K, Bogdanov A N, et al. 2012 Phys. Rev. B 85 117
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