Reverse design of ultracompact micro-nano wavelength beam splitter based on quadratic programming algorithm

Li Jia-Xiang; Wang Hui-Qin; Xu He-Qing; Zhang Hua; Feng Yan; Dong Mei-Tong

doi:10.7498/aps.72.20230892

Abstract

Micro-nano wavelength beam splitter is an important beam-splitting device in photonic chips. In this study, the sequence quadratic program is used to design ultra-compact wavelength beam splitters with footprints of 1.5 μm × 1.5 μm. The Y-type dual channel beam splitter can realize TE/TM mode splitting at the same time, the transmissions of TE mode light at 1140 nm and 1200 nm are 80% and 81%, and the extinction ratios are 18.1 dB and 16.3 dB, respectively. The transmissions of TM mode light are 70% and 67%, and the extinction ratios are 18.3 dB and 15.9 dB, respectively. The T-type beam splitter realizes 180° separation angle splitting, and the transmissions of optical power at the wavelengths of 1100 nm and 1170 nm both reach 88%, and the extinction ratios are 16.6 dB and 15.0 dB, respectively. It is the smallest size chip-integrated wavelength beam splitter. The cross-type three-channel beam splitter realizes splitting with a wavelength interval of 50 nm. The transmissions at the wavelengths of 1100, 1150 and 1200 nm are 73%, 66% and 70%, and the extinction ratios are 17.2, 13.8 and 13.8 dB, respectively. The asymmetric three-channel beam splitter realizes splitting with the wavelength interval of 20 nm. The transmissions at the wavelengths of 1200, 1220 and 1240 nm are 61%, 56% and 57%, and the extinction ratios are 10.8, 7.9 and 8.9 dB, respectively. This method has the advantages of a short design period, high design efficiency, simple structure, easy processing, and suitability for designing chip-integrated photonic components. It is expected that it can provide a new idea for designing chip-integrated photonic devices.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
School of Mathematics, Physics & Statistics, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
2.
Institute of Robotics, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
3.
Spreadtrum Communications (Shanghai) Integrated Technology Resources Department, Shanghai 201203, China

Corresponding author: Wang Hui-Qin, wanghq@sues.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the High-Level Local University Construction Innovative Talents Training Program of Shanghai University of Engineering Science, China (Grant No. 2023RC-GC09) and the High-Level Local University Construction Innovative Talents Training Project of Shanghai University of Engineering Science, China (Grant No. 23XSZ001).

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References

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[2]	Mehrabi K, Zarifkar A, Miri M 2021 Opt. Commun. 479 126474 Google Scholar
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Cited By

图 1 波分器的设计流程图　(a) 初始基片; (b) 优化结构; (c) 最终结构

Figure 1. Design flow chart of the wave splitter: (a) Initial substrate; (b) optimized structure; (c) final structure.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 2 Y型双通道波分器　(a) 结构图; (b) TE模1140 nm的光场分布; (c) TE模1200 nm的光场分布; (d) TE模传输效率图; (e) TE模的消光比图; (f) TM模1140 nm的光场分布; (g) TM模1200 nm的光场分布; (h) TM模传输效率图; (i) TM模消光比图

Figure 2. Y-type dual-channel wavelength beam splitter: (a) Structure; (b) optical field distribution at 1140 nm in TE mode; (c) optical field distribution at 1200 nm in TE mode; (d) transmission efficiency in TE mode; (e) extinction ratio in TE mode; (f) optical field distribution at 1140 nm in TM mode; (g) optical field distribution at 1200 nm in TM mode; (h) transmission efficiency in TM mode; (i) extinction ratio in TM mode.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 3 波导宽度对传输效率的影响

Figure 3. Influence of the waveguide width on transmission efficiency.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 4 T型双通道波分器　(a) 结构图; (b) 1100 nm的光场分布; (c) 1170 nm的光场分布; (d) 传输效率图; (e) 消光比图

Figure 4. T-type dual-channel wave beam splitter: (a) Structure; (b) optical field distribution at 1100 nm; (c) optical field distribution at 1170 nm; (d) transmission efficiency; (e) extinction ratio.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 5 十字型三通道波分器　(a) 结构图; (b) 1100 nm的光场分布; (c) 1150 nm的光场分布; (d) 1200 nm的光场分布; (e) 传输效率图; (f) 消光比

Figure 5. Cross-type three-channel wavelength beam splitter: (a) Structure; (b) optical field distribution at 1100 nm; (c) optical field distribution at 1150 nm; (d) optical field distribution at 1200 nm; (e) transmission efficiency; (f) extinction ratio.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 6 不对称型结构三通道波分器　(a) 结构图; (b) 1200 nm的光场分布; (c) 1220 nm的光场分布; (d) 1240 nm的光场分布; (e) 传输效率图; (f) 消光比图

Figure 6. Asymmetric structure three-channel wave splitter: (a) Structure; (b) optical field distribution at 1200 nm; (c) optical field distribution at 1220 nm; (d) optical field distribution at 1240 nm; (e) transmission efficiency; (f) extinction ratio.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

[1]	Yang Y, Huang H Y, Guo C S 2020 Opt. Express 28 14762 Google Scholar
[2]	Mehrabi K, Zarifkar A, Miri M 2021 Opt. Commun. 479 126474 Google Scholar
[3]	Tanomura R, Tanemura T, Nakano Y 2023 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 62 SC1029 Google Scholar
[4]	Li D D, Tang Y L, Zhao Y K, Zhou L, Zhao Y, Tang S B 2022 Photonics 9 527 Google Scholar
[5]	Ammari M, Benmerkhi A, Bouchemat M 2022 Opt. Appl. 52 613 Google Scholar
[6]	柯航, 李培丽, 施伟华 2022 物理学报 71 144204 Google Scholar Ke H, Li P L, Shi W H 2022 Acta Phys. Sin. 71 144204 Google Scholar
[7]	Faghani A A, Rafiee Z, Amanzadeh H, Yaghoubi E, Yaghoubi E 2022 Optik 257 168824 Google Scholar
[8]	Butt M A, Shahbaz M, Kozlowski L, Kazmierczak A, Piramidowicz R 2023 Photonics 10 208 Google Scholar
[9]	Melati D, Xu D X, Cheriton R, Wang S R, Vachon M, Schmid J H, Cheben P, Janz S 2022 Opt. Express 30 14202 Google Scholar
[10]	Butt M A, Kazanskiy N L, Khonina S N 2023 Plasmonics 18 635 Google Scholar
[11]	汪静丽, 陈子玉, 陈鹤鸣 2021 物理学报 70 014202 Google Scholar Wang J L, Chen Z Y, Chen H M 2021 Acta Phys. Sin. 70 014202 Google Scholar
[12]	Andonegui I, Calvo I, Garcia-Adeva A J 2014 Appl. Phys. A 115 433 Google Scholar
[13]	张佳, 徐旭明, 何灵娟, 于天宝, 郭浩 2012 物理学报 61 054213 Google Scholar Zhang J, Xu X M, He L J, Yu T B, Guo H 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 054213 Google Scholar
[14]	Shen B, Wang P, Polson R, Menon R 2015 Nat. Photonics 9 378 Google Scholar
[15]	Huang J, Yang J B, Chen D B, Bai W, Han J M, Zhang Z J, Zhang J J, He X, Han Y X, Liang L M 2020 Nanophotonics 9 159 Google Scholar
[16]	Wang K Y, Ren X S, Chang W J, Lu L H, Liu D M, Zhang M M 2020 Photonics Res. 8 528 Google Scholar
[17]	Liu Z H, Liu X H, Xiao Z Y, Lu C C, Wang H Q, Wu Y, Hu X Y, Liu Y C, Zhang H Y, Zhang X D 2019 Optica 6 1367 Google Scholar
[18]	Huang H, Xu H Q, Wang H Q, Feng Y, Zhang H, Li J X 2022 Opt. Eng. 61 015105 Google Scholar
[19]	黄辉, 胡晨岩, 田梓聪, 缪秋霞, 王慧琴 2021 物理学报 70 234102 Google Scholar Huang H, Hu C Y, Tian Z C, Miu Q X, Wang H Q 2021 Acta Phys. Sin. 70 234102 Google Scholar
[20]	Lu J, Vuckovic J 2012 Opt. Express 20 7221 Google Scholar
[21]	Qi H X, Du Z C, Hu X Y, Yang J Y, Chu S S, Gong Q H 2022 Opto. Electron. 5 210061 Google Scholar
[22]	Piggott A Y, Lu J, Lagoudakis K G, Petykiewicz J, Babinec T M, Vuckovic J 2015 Nat. Photonics 9 374 Google Scholar
[23]	Ma L F, Li J, Liu Z H, Zhang Y X, Zhang N N, Zheng S Q, Lu C C 2021 Chin. Opt. Lett. 19 011301 Google Scholar
[24]	Su L, Piggott A Y, Sapra N V, Petykiewicz J, Vuckovic J 2018 ACS Photonics 5 301 Google Scholar
[25]	Han J M, Huang J, Wu J G, Yang J B 2020 Opt. Commun. 465 125606 Google Scholar
[26]	Yilmaz Y A, Alpkilic A M, Yeltik A, Kurt H 2020 Opt. Commun. 454 124522 Google Scholar
[27]	Yuan H, Huang J, Wang Z H, Zhang J P, Deng Y, Lin G L, Wu J G, Yang J B 2021 Results Phys. 27 104489 Google Scholar
[28]	Rojas-Labanda S, Stolpe M 2016 Struct. Multidiscipl. Optim. 53 1315 Google Scholar
[29]	Gu Q, Barbato M, Conte J P, Gill P E, McKenna F 2012 J. Struct. Eng. 138 822 Google Scholar
[30]	Izmailov A F, Solodov M V 2011 Math. Program 126 231 Google Scholar
[31]	Azizi D, Gholami A 2013 IEEE Electr. Insul. M. 29 69 Google Scholar
[32]	Wang F L, Xu X, Zhang C, Sun C L, Zhao J 2022 IEEE Photonics J. 14 6621606 Google Scholar
[33]	Yuan M W, Yang G, Song S J, Zhou L P, Minasian R, Yi X K 2022 Opt. Express 30 26201 Google Scholar

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