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Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging is an emerging optical imaging technique used for detecting hidden targets outside the line of sight. Due to multiple diffuse reflections, the signal echoes are weak, and gated Single-Photon Avalanche Diode (SPAD) play a pivotal role in signal detection under low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions. However, when employing gated SPAD for target signal detection, existing methods often depend on prior information to preset the gate width, which cannot fully mitigate non-target signal interference or signal loss. Additionally, these methods are plagued by issues such as large data acquisition volumes and lengthy processing times. To address these challenges, this paper proposes an adaptive gating algorithm based on the principle of maximizing the distance from the vertex of a triangle to its base. The algorithm takes advantage of the linear variation in scan point positions and the echo information from specific feature points. It can automatically identify echo signals and compute their width without the need for additional prior information or manual intervention. This approach reduces data acquisition volume and improves processing efficiency, among other benefits. Moreover, a confocal NLOS imaging system based on gated SPAD was developed to validate the proposed algorithm. The paper further provides a quantitative evaluation of the enhancement in target signal detection and image quality achieved by gated SPAD, and compares the imaging performance with that of leading NLOS image reconstruction algorithms. Experimental results demonstrate that the adaptive gating algorithm effectively identifies echo signals, facilitates automatic adjustment of gating parameters, and, while reducing data acquisition volume and enhancing processing efficiency, significantly improves target imaging quality.
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Keywords:
- non-line-of-sight imaging /
- adaptive gating /
- signal-to-noise ratio
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